对现金流量报表相关目标的量化分析外文翻译.docx

对现金流量报表相关目标的量化分析外文翻译.docx

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对现金流量报表相关目标的量化分析外文翻译

QuantitativeAnalysisoftheTargetRelatedtoCashFlowStatement

Withtheexampleofthetrendanalysismethodappliedtothecashflowstatement,theauthorsstudythequantitativeanalysismethodofthetargetrelatedtocashflowstatement.Sothestatementusercanknowsthecurrentandpreviousfinancialconditionintheenterprises,correctlyevaluatethecurrentandfutureabilitiestopayandrepay,findouttheproblemsinfinancialaffairs,andscientificallycalculatethefuturefinancialconditions.Anadequate,efficientbasisisprovidedforscientificdecision.

1Introduction

ItwasAmericathatfirstdecidedtoreplacestatementofchangesinfinancialpositionwithcashflowstatement.Afterwards,U.K.,Australia,Canadaandmanyothercountriesandareasfollowed.Toemphasizecashflowstatementandovercometheshortcomingsofstatementofchangesinfinancialposition,inJanuary,1987,FASBinAmericapromulgatedfinancialaccountingstandardsannouncementNo.95《CashFlowStatement》.ItrequiresenterprisetoreplacethestatementofchangesinfinancialpositionwithcashflowstatementfromJuly1988.InSeptember,1991,BritishAccountingStandardBoardannouncedfinancialstatementstandardNo.l《CashFlowStatement》too,demandsallenterprises.Concernedwiththerequirementsshouldpreparecashflowstatement.In1992,InternationalAccountingStandardBoardannounced《lnternationalAccountingStandardsNo.l》，requiredtoreplacestatementofchangesinfinancialpositionwithcashflowstatement.Sonow"cashflowstatement","equity-debtstatement",and"profitandlossstatement"havepreliminarilyformedthenewsystemoffinancialaccountingstatementinenterpriseontheworldwidescale.

2CashFlowStatement

2.1ContentsofCashFlowStatementandItsCompilationPurpose

Cashflowstatementmeansstatementofchangesinfinancialpositioncompiledbasedoncashandshowsoperatingactivities,investmentactivitiesandcollectingcapitalactivitiesoftheenterpriseonaccountofflow-inandflow-outofcashduringacertainperiod,andshowsallaspectsofflow-inandflow-outofcash.Itiscompiledonthecashbasisofaccountingandbelongstoperiodicdynamicstatement.Thebasicpurposeofcompilingcashflowstatementistoprovidetheinformationofflow-inandflow-outofcashduringacurrentaccountingperiodtoshareholders,creditorsandotherusersofthestatementtohelpthemcorrectlymakeassessmentof:

·TheCapabilityofobtainingnetcashflowduringthefutureaccountingperiod;

·TheCapabilityofrepaydebtsandpayingdividend;

·TheCapabilityofraisingfunds;

.Thereasonforengenderingthedifferenceofnetincomeandnetcashflow;and,

·Investmentandraisingfundsactivitiesaffectingandnotaffectingcashduringthecurrentperiod.

2.2ComponentsofCashFlow

（1）Cashflow-in

Therearethreechieftypesofeconomicservicesflow-inofcash:

Reducingotherassetsexceptcashaddingdebtsandaddingshareholder'sright.

（2）Cashflow-out

Therearethreechieftypesofeconomicservicesflow-outofcash:

Addingotherassetsexceptcash,reducingdebtsandreducingshareholder'sright.

2.3ClassificationofCashFlow

Cashflowwithinacertainperiodisclassifiedintothefollowingthreetypesonaccountofthe

natureofoperationservice:

Thecashflowofoperationactivities,thecashflowofinvestmentactivitiesandthecashflowofraisingfundsactivities.

（1）Cashflowofoperationactivities

Operationactivitiesmeanthemainserviceofanenterpriseandothernon-investmentactivitiesorraisingfundsactivities.Itincludes:

Cashflow-inofoperationactivities:

Theinputofsellinggoodsandprovidinglabourforce;theinputofloaninterest,stockdividendandbondinterest;otherinputofnotbelongingtoinvestmentactivitiesandraisingfundsactivities.

Cashflow-outofoperationactivities:

Thecashofpayingtosuppliersandprovidersoflabourforce;theexpenditureofsalary;theinteresttocreditor;theexpenditureoftaxonincomeandpenalty.

（2）Cashflowofinvestmentactivities

Investmentactivitiesmeanpurchaseandsellingoflong-termassetandotherinvestmentswithoutthecapeofcashequivalent.Itincludes:

Cashflow-inofinvestmentactivities:

recoveringloan;sellingstocksandbondsissuedbyothercompanies;sellingfixedassetsandotherproductiveassets.

Cashflow-outofinvestmentactivities:

providingloantootherenterprises;purchasingstocksandbondsissuedbyothercompanies;purchasingfixedassetsandotherproductiveassets（includingcapitalizedinterestofassetcost）.

（3）Cashflowofraisingfundsactivities

Raisingfundsactivitiesmeantheactivitiestocausethescaleandstructureofrightsandinterestcapitalandotherloantochange.Itincludes:

Cashflow-inofinvestmentactivities:

issuingstocks.,bondsandbill;gainingmortgageloansandallkindsofotherlong-termandshort-termloans.

Cashflow-outofinvestmentactivities:

issuingstockinterestincash;repayingloans;precedingexpendituretocreditor（includingcashexpenditurecausedbyextendedlong-termdebt）.

2.4StructureofCashFlowStatement

Therearetwomethodstocompilecashflowstatement:

directmethodandindirectmethod.Thestructureofcashflowstatementcompiledbythetwomethodsisdifferent.ThisarticlerecommendsthebasicstructureofcashflowStatementcompiledbydirectmethodandusuallyadoptedbyenterprises.Thebasicstructureofcashflowstatementiscomposedofthreeparts:

Cashflowofoperationactivities.ThedataneededbythispartmaybefoundinB/S（balance

sheet）andincomesheet.

Cashflowofinvestmentactivities.Theinformationneededbythispartmaybefoundfromthechangeofcurrentassetaccount,butthetruedataneedtobeadjustedonaccountofincomeorlossinincomesheet.

Cashflowofraisingfundsactivitieswhichmaybeobtainedbyanalyzingandcomputingthechangeofrelevantcurrentliabilityandshareholder'srightsandinterestsaccount.

Non-cashinvestmentandraisingfundsactivitieswhichmaybediscoveredinthesupplementarystatementstoshowallaspectsofimportanteconomicactivities.

2.5CompilationofCashFlowStatement

Theinformationthatisneededforcompilingcashflowstatementincludes:

beginningbalancesheet,finaltrialbalance,othercomplementarydata,etc.Cashflowstatementiscompiledonaccountoftheoriginalmanuscript.

3QuantitativeAnalysisofRelevantQuota

Quantitativeanalysisofcashflowstatementistocompare,analyzeandstudyrelevantdataofcashflowstatementsoastoknowthefinancialpositionofenterprise,findoutthetroubleinfinance,predictthefuturefinancialpositionandprovidethebasisforscientificdecision.

Themethodsofquantitativeanalysisofcashflowstatementusuallyincludetrendanalysis,structureanalysis,rateanalysis,comparativeanalysisandfactoranalysis.Thisarticleonlyrecommendstrendanalysisappliedtocashflowstatement.

Trendanalysisisananalysismethodwhichforecastsfutureresultsbystudyinganumberof

continualperiods''-financialstatement,comparingrelevantprogram'samountofmoneyandanalyzingtheincreaseanddecreaseofsomequotastojudgeitstrend.Applyingtrendanalysis,theuserofstatementmayknowthebasictrendofrelevantprogramchanges,judgewhetherthistrendisadvantageousornotandpredictthefuturedevelopmentoftheenterprise.

Trendanalysisusuallycomputestrendpercentages.Therearetwotypesoftrendpercentages:

Itisillustratedbythecashflowstatementofsometelecommunicationbureau.Wecompilecashflowstatementgatheredfrom1995to1998ofthisbureauonaccountofcashflowstatementsfrom1995to1998ofthisbureau（statementfrom1995to1998omitted）.Theformofcashflowstatementandthedataofthisbureauin1998areshownasinTable1:

Table1Cashflowstatementofatelecommunicationbureau

Enterprise：

Year:

1998Unit:

Thousandsofdollars

CashflowAmount

1Cashflowofoperation

Cashflowin:

Cashfromsalesclients85890

Otheroperationincome（12019）

Sub-totalfcashflowin73871

Cashflowout:

Payingsuppliers（40871）

Payinginterests（1287）

Payingotherexpenses（19585）

Payingincometax（2546）

Sub-totalofcashflowout（25119）

Netcashofoperation48752

2Cashflowofinvestment

Cashflowin:

Recoveryofcashfrominvestment68000

Recoveryofcashrelateto18500

investmentactivities

Sub-totalofcashflowin86500

Cashflowout:

Equipmentpurchasing（66676）

Sub-totalofcashflowout（66676）

Netcashofinvestment19824

3Cashflowofraisingfunds

Cashflowin:

Cashfromloan36220

Cashacceptingrightsandinterests15081

Sub-totalofcashflowin51301

Cashflowout:

Cashrepayedfordebts（16254）

Sub-totalofcashflowout（16254）

Netcashofraisingfunds35047

4Effectsofexchangefluctuationsoncash

5Netincreasedcashflow103623

Thearticleonlycitesthedatafrom1995to1998tocomputethetrendpercentagebythetrendanalysismethod.

Table2Thetotalcashflowstatement

Enterprise:

Unit:

Thousandsofdollars

Cashflow1995199619971998

Cashincome187500203136207752211672

Among:

cashm-68465701257153273871

comeofoperation

Cashincomeof40680654217634586500

investment

Cashincomeof78355675905987551301

raisingfunds

Cashexpenditure622337976591815108049

including:

Cashexpenditure15908198802290525119

ofoperation

Cashexpenditure32905408955469066676

ofinvestment

Cashexpenditure13420189901422016254

Ofraisingfunds

Thedatacomefromtheannualaccountantstatementsfrom1995to1997（omitted