上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练.docx

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上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练.docx

上海中考英语读音规则题解题方法和真命题演练

上海中考英语读音规则题

解题方法和真题演练

一、中考考纲对读音规则要求

a.元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则

b.辅音字母的基本读音规则

c.字母组合的读音规则

d.单词重音

注:

几个名词解释

音节:

英语中以元音来划分音节,一个元音一个音节,以此类推,辅音是音节的分界线,但

两辅音之间不管有多少元音都是一个音节。

重读音节:

就是加了重读符号‘的音节,如果是单音节词,这个唯一的音节就是重读音节。

如果没有

重读符号,重读第一个音节。

开音节:

指该音节以元音结尾。

分为两种:

绝对开音节:

以元音字母结尾的重读音节,叫绝对开音节,比如me;

相对开音节:

含有1个元音字母的重读音节中,1个辅音+1个元音+1个辅音(r除外)+1个e结

尾,比如nose。

闭音节:

指该音节以辅音结尾。

弱音节(非重读音节):

指不重读的音节。

重读音节符号’之后的那个音节是重读音节,其余音节都

是非重读音节。

附:

48个音标

1、20个元音:

12个单元音/ɑ:

//ʌ//ɔ:

//ɒ//ə//ɜ:

//i:

//ɪ//u:

//ʊ//e//æ/

8个双元音:

/eɪ//aɪ//ɒɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/

2、28个辅音:

10个清辅音:

/p/ /t/ /k/ /f//θ//s//ʃ//ts//tʃ//tr/

18个浊辅音:

/b//d//g//v//ð//z//ʒ//dz//dʒ//dr//m//n//ŋ//j/ /w//ǀ//h//r/

二、读音规则

(一)元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则

a

e

i

o

u

开音节

(字母本身音)

音标

/i:

/,/iə/

/aɪ/

/əu

/ ju:

 /

age

he,serios

kite

nose

cute

重读闭音节

音标

æ

/e/

/i/

/ɔ/

/ʌ/

bag

desk

six

hot

cut

弱音节

(非重读音节)

音标

/ə/,/i/

/ə/,/i/

/ə/,/i/

/ə/,/ɔ/,/əu

/ə/,/ju:

ability发/ə/,private发/ɪ/

open发/ə/,become发/ɪ/

holiday发/ə/,family发/ɪ/

together发/ə/,mango发/ɔ/,obey发/əu/

album发/ə/,avenue发/ju:

其他

o如果出现在l、m、n、v和ther前,常常变音为中元音[ʌ]

辅音字母j、l、r、s 后读

/u:

come

rude

1、a的发音

(1)a在重读开音节中发/eɪ/

age/eɪdʒ/cage/keɪdʒ/make/meɪk/made/meɪd/save/seɪv/

(2)a在重读闭音节中发/æ/

act/ækt/dad/dæd/catch/kætʃ/fan/fæn/hand/hænd/

(3)a在非重读闭音节,且是开头第一个音节,一般发/ə/

ability/əˈbɪləti/ago/əˈgəʊ/American/əˈmerɪkən/

特殊:

China/'tʃaɪnə/animal/ˈænɪm(ə)l/

(4)a在非重读音节,且是最后一个音节,一般发/ɪ/

private[ˈpraɪvɪt]image/‘ɪmɪdʒ/manage/‘mænɪdʒ/village/‘vɪlɪdʒ/climate[ˈklaɪmɪt]

真题:

(1)15年中考26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/ʃeɪp/?

A.shapeB.sheepC.shopD.ship

(2)16奉贤一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordmatchesthesound[seɪf]?

A.seemB.seatC.senseD.safe

(3)18普陀二模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?

 

A.This tea table is for saleB.Mark will plan for a trip to HongKong

C.Where is my school bag?

D.We usually have some noodles for lunch

(4)18浦东二模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation ?

 

A.garageB.manageC.lazyD.carry

(5)15杨浦二模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.Icriedbecauseofhisangrywords.B.Thiswasmylastchancetoescape.

C.Hewaswearingadarkbrownjacket.D.Hereadbythelightofthebedsidelamp.

(6)18金山一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.contactB.manageC.captainD.escape

(7)16静安一模26.Samwasfoundinnocentinthecaseandwasfinallysetfree.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectin

pronunciationfortheunderlinedword?

A./keis/B./kʌs/C./kaɪs/D./ka:

s/

(8)17杨浦一模26.Amuchbiggerbattleisaheadforthepresident.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectpronunciation

fortheunderlinepart?

A./e/B./æ/C./a:

/D./ei/

(9)17松江一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/tæp/?

A.tapB.topC.tipD.tape

(10)17黄浦一模26.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?

A.cakeB.mainC.mapD.stay

(11)16长宁一模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationwithothers?

A.Whyareyousounhappy?

B.Wemanagedtogettotheairportintime.

C.Shewascaptainofthevolleyballteam.D.Varietyisthespiceoflife.

(12)18闵行一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?

A.admitB.familiarC.apologizeD.program

2、e的发音

(1)e在开音节中发/i:

/或/iə/

开音节中发/i:

/eve/i:

v/n.夏娃theme/θi:

m/n.主题zebra/'ziːbrə]n.斑马he/hiː/pron.他

she/ʃiː/n.女人me/mi:

/pron.我we/wiː/pron.我们

开音节中发/iə/serioszerohero

(2)在闭音节中发/e/

leg/leg/n.腿desk/desk/n.办公桌cell/sel/n.细胞chest[tʃest]n.胸

net/net/n.网web/web/n.网nest/nest/n.巢,窝pencil/'pensəl/n.铅笔

beg/beg/vi.乞讨edit/'edɪt/vt.编辑less/les/n.较少pen/pen/n.钢笔

(12)字母e 在非重读音节中发[ə]或/i/

当e未非重读音节,且该e在重读音节后面,该e发/ə/:

evidence/‘evɪdəns/angel/‘eɪndʒ(ə)l/darken/‘dɑːk(ə)n/novel/‘nɒv(ə)l/

happen/‘hæp(ə)n/label/‘leɪb(ə)l/open/‘əʊp(ə)n/silent/‘saɪlənt/

camel/‘kæm(ə)l/even/‘iːv(ə)n/enemy/‘enəmɪ/

当e未非重读音节,且该e在重读音节前面,该e发/ɪ/

become/bɪ’kʌm/behave/bɪ’heɪv/decide/dɪ’saɪd/deny/dɪ’naɪ/

predict/prɪ’dɪkt/resist/rɪ’zɪst/belong/bɪ’lɒŋ/relax/rɪ’læks/

特殊:

elephant/‘elɪf(ə)nt/

真题:

(1)16中考26·Let'stakearestandlistentosomemusic.Whichiscorrectfortheunderlinedpart?

A./e/B./i:

/C./i/D./ə/

(2)18杨浦二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/fens/?

A.fansB.fenceC.faceD.fax

(3)18虹口一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?

A. method        B.schedule        C.text        D.serious

(4)17徐汇一模26.ManyleadersfromdifferentcountriesattendedtheopenceremonyoftheG20summitinHangzhouin

2016.Whichiscorrectfortheunderlinedpart?

A./i/B./e/C./ə/D./ʌ/

(5)16普陀一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.Hehasagoodmemoryforface.B.Thevalleygoesfromwesttoeast..

C.Shehaschangedalotinrecentyears.D.Hehadapainintheneck..

(6)17宝山一模26.Themothertriestopreventherchildfromplayingcomputergames.Whichofthefollowingiscorrect

fortheunderlinedwordinthesentence?

A./prɪ'vent/B./pre'vent/C./prə'vent/D./prɪ'vənt/

(7)18杨浦一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?

A.methodB.enemyC.memoryD.recent

(8)18徐汇一模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?

A.restB.mentionC.resultD.mess

(9)18宝山一模26.MothertoldTomtobehavehimself.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheunderlinedwordinthe

sentence?

A./bɪ'hev/B./bɪ'heɪv/C./be'heɪv/D./bɪ'hi:

v/

(10)17崇明二模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.Iplaytabletenniswithhereveryafternoon.

B.Aftershegraduatedfromuniversity,KatewassenttoJapanatonce.

C.We'regoingtolistentoalecturegivenbyafamousprofessor.

D.Hehadahighfeverbecauseofthechangeableweather.

3、i的发音

(1)i在开音节中发/aɪ/

bite/baɪt/climate/'klaɪmət/bike/baɪk/like/laɪk/kite/kaɪt/knives/naɪvz/writer/‘raɪtə/pie/paɪ/

ice/aɪs/rice/raɪs/crime/kraɪm/Bible/'baɪb(ə)l/cry/kraɪ/dry/draɪ/July/dʒʊˈlaɪ/

type/taɪp/my/maɪ/shine/ʃaɪn/shy/ʃaɪ/sky/skaɪ/fly/flaɪ/try/traɪ/five/faɪv/time/taɪm/tide/taɪd/strike/straɪk/while/waɪl/alike/ə’laɪk/

(2)I在闭音节中发 /ɪ/

bit/bɪt/cliff/klɪf/bridge/brɪdʒ/dig/dɪg/fit/fɪt/kiss/kɪs/lip/lɪp/mix/mɪks/pity/'pɪtɪ/big/bɪg/city/'sɪtɪ/pig/pɪg/pick/pɪk/myth/mɪθ/sit/sɪt/wind/wɪnd/six/sɪks/ 

(3)字母i 在非重读音节中发/ə//ɪ/,

clinic/‘klɪnɪk/family/‘fæmɪlɪ/holiday/'hɒlɪdeɪ/hospital/'hɒspɪt(ə)l/native/'neɪtɪv/

medicine/'medɪsɪn/

(4)字母i 在非重读音节中发/aɪ/

advertise/‘ædvətaɪz/apologize/ə’pɒlədʒaɪz/appetite/‘æpɪtaɪt/exercise/‘eksəsaɪz/ 

其他:

(5)双音节词的结尾是“辅音字母+le”,前面的i所在的音节是绝对开音节时,i读[ai]。

例如:

title[’taitl]Bible[’baibl]rifle[raifl]

(6)在-igh,-ight,-ign,-ild,-ind中,i读[ai]。

例如:

bright[’brait]high[hai]child[tʃaild]

但是也有例外,

例如:

children['tʃildrən]wind[wind]

(7)在词尾-ile,-ite,-ise,-ize,-wise里,i读[ai]。

例如:

advertise['ædvətaiz]crocodile['krɔkə,dail]appetite[’æpitait]realize['riəlaiz]

otherwise['ʌðəwaiz]

(8)在词尾一ique里,i读[i:

]。

例如:

antique[æn’ti:

k];technique[tek’ni:

k];unique[ju’ni:

k].

(9)在双音节和多音节词中i读。

例如:

differ['difə];fifteen['fifti:

n];history['histəri];mixture['mikstʃə];village['vilidʒ];winner['winə];

真题:

(1)16崇明一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/prais/?

A.pieceB.priceC.praiseD.practice

(2)17长宁二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesound/laif/?

A.laughB.leafC.lifeD.live

(3)长宁二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/praiz/?

A.praiseB.prizeC.priceD.prison

(4)15奉贤二模27.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesounds/praiz/?

A.prizeB.praiseC.priceD.piece

(5)15浦东二模26.Mr.LiawardedmeaprizeformywonderfulperformanceattheEnglishparty.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheunderlinedword?

A./priz/B./praiz/C./pris/D./prais/

(6)16普陀一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsmatchesthesound/baɪt/?

A.bitB.biteC.beatD.boat

(7)15金山二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordmatchesthesound/wain/?

A.winB.wineC.whenD.widen

(8)16闵行二模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/'faɪə/?

A.floorB.fineC.fireD.flight

(9)18崇明二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?

A.wisdomB.blindC.tripD.simple

(10)16杨浦一模26.Whichofthefollowingwordsispronouncedas/waild/?

A.worldB.wideC.wildD.wind

(11)16崇明二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.Sueisflyingthekitewithhercousinonthegrass.B.Hebegantogotohiscompanyonhisbicycle.

C.Wouldyoupleasehelpmepickoutthebadoranges?

D.IsawMikehidingbehindthesofawhenIentered

(12).18黄浦二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsmatchesthesound/i/?

A.wineB.fightC.highD.habit

(13)15闵行二模26.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromothers?

A.Annsurvivedintheearthquake.B.Wouldyoulikesometea?

.

C.MyauntlivesintheeastofChina.D.Thereisapictureinmymind.

(14)17宝山一模27.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationwithothers?

A.Heactsasakillerinthefilm.B.Whendidyouarriveattheairport?

C.Canyouhelpmefixthechai

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