《BEC中级写作评分标准》.docx
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《BEC中级写作评分标准》
BEC中级写作评分标准:
(语言、语法、组织和文体)
第一部分第二部分
分数分数
全部完成答题要求
所有内容点都已包括在内并在
答题要求允许的情况下加以发
挥
语言规范、自然;错误最少,均
18或20
属小错。
9或10分
分
多样化的语言结构和丰富的词
汇H。
组织效果好,注意前后呼应。
语域和格式完全适当。
给读者的印象极佳。
较好的完成答题要求
所有内容点都处理得不错。
14或16
7或8分
大体准确;运用复杂语言时有错分
误。
结构合理,用词准确。
大体上组织较好,注意逻辑关
系。
语域和格式总体来说适当。
给读者的印象良好。
3尚能达到答题要求
所有的主要内容点已包括进去,
遗漏了一些次要的内容。
出现一些错误,但不妨碍交流。
10或12
结构和词汇掌握范围适度。
5或6分
分
组织和安排总的来说令人满意。
语域和格式尚可,虽然并不完全
成功。
给读者的印象较好。
2不能完全达到答题要求
遗漏了一些主要的内容点或者
处理得不充分,可能有些不切
题。
3或4分6或8分
有时错误影响清楚交流,错误较
多,使读者感到迷惑。
结构、词汇掌握范围有限。
内容条理不清、不连贯,造成理
解困难。
语域和格式不适当。
给读者的印象不佳。
1未能达到答题要求
显著的内容遗漏/或大虽内容不相关,可能由于对题目要求的误解。
严重不规范,经常出现基本错
1或2分2或4分
误。
题目要求的结构和词汇几乎没
有提到。
缺乏组织,造成交流失败。
几乎没有使用适当的语域和格
式。
给读者的印象极差。
0什么要求也没达到。
字数少于所需字数的25%,或是完全不能辨认或是完全不切题。
评分五个方面:
1content
2language
3structure&vocabulary
4organisation
展开论述上面的5个方面
1内容的完整性
2语言
6C原则
1.准确(correctness)
包括四层意义,即阅读人能理解、接受的英语水平;使用精确措词,传达准确信息;正确地使用语法和标点符号;拼写正确。
(1)恰当的语言风格
请比较下面两组例词:
Formal
Informal
approximately
About
inquire
Ask
ascertain
findout
obtain
receive
assist
help
participate
share
construct
build
purchase
buy
contribute
give
sufficient
enough
difficult
hard
utilize
use
(2)准确的措词和信息
下面列出的是一系列极易混淆的单词及词组,请注意区
分:
alot/allot
allright/alright
cannot/cannot
differentfrom/differentthan
.dueto/becauseof
effect/affect
fewer/less
lie/lay
principal/principle
that/which
their/them/they're
waitfor/waiton
who/whom
(3)正确的语法和标点符号
(4)正确的拼写
2.清楚(Clarity)
(1)逻辑布局(LogicalOrganization)
常用的逻辑布局方法包括:
1因果关系(Cause&Effect)
2时间顺序(ChronologicalDevelopment)
3序列顺序(SequentialDevelopment)
4比较(Comparison)
5一般到特殊(FromGeneraltoSpecific)
6特殊到一般(FromSpecifictoGeneral)
(2)合理构架句群与段落(Well-WrittenSentences&Paragraphs)
例句:
修改前:
MarshallCorporationwasfoundedfortyyearsago,anditnowhasbranchofficesinfourstates,anditemploysnearly400individuals.
修改后:
MarshallCorporationwasfoundedforty
yearsago.Withbranchofficesinfourstates,itnowemploysnearly400individuals.
(3)统一性与一致性(UnityandCoherence)
⑷强调(Emphasis)
1位置
2重复
3数虽
4技巧
(5)将句中关系紧密的词尽虽靠近。
比较下面三对句子:
A.TheyboughtabicycleinBeijinginasmallshopwhichcosts$25.00.
Theyboughtabicyclefor$25.00inasmallshopinBeijing.
B.Hewaswarnednottodrinkwatereveninarestaurantwhichhadnotbeenboiled.
Hewaswarnednottodrinkwaterwhichhadnotbeenboiled.
C.Thosewhoworkrapidlygetillinthese
conditions.
Thosewhoworkintheseconditionsrapidlygetill.
(6)避免在同一个句子中使用意义不同的同一个字。
Weshalltakeafirmlinewiththefirm.
Weshalltakeastronglinewiththefilm.
3.简洁(Conciseness)
A.Wehavebeguntoexportourmachinetocountriesabroad.
Wehavebeguntoexportourmachines.
B.IntheeventthatyouspeaktoMr.Woodinregardtoproduction,askhimtogiveconsiderationto
thedeliveryschedule.
IfyouspeaktoMr.Woodaboutproduction,askhimtoconsiderthedeliveryschedule.
C.Werequirefurniturewhichisofthenewtype.
Werequirenew-typefurniture.
⑴使用简洁的语言(Usesimplelanguage)
避免使用
尽H使用
pleasewillyoubegoodenoughto
preferexpressapreferencefor
becauseforthereasonthat
(2)少用陈词滥调(Omittriteexpressions)
asthecasemaybe
ithascometomyattention
atanearlyage
availyourselfofthisopportunity
previousto
crackofdawn
pursuanttoyourrequest
takethelibertyto
duetothefactthat
thankingyouinadvance
enclosedherein
thisistoinformyou
underseparatecover
withkindestregards
Iwishtostate
⑶避免冗长的表达方式和不必要的重复(avoidwordy
expressions&unnecessaryrepetition)。
Wordy
1.Wewouldliketo
2.ForthemonthofAugust
August
3.Pursuanttotheendofthisweek
4.Alongperiodoftime
5.Atthistime
6.Isatthistime
7.Theweightwashigherthanweightwasgreaterthan
8.Iexpectedittobe
9.Duringtheyearof1995
10.Forthedevelopmentofdeveloping
11.InthecityofDallas
12.
Concise
please
for
now
alongtimenowis
the
expected
during1995
for
inDallas
Theproblemwasthatthecarwouldnotthecarwouldnotstart
start
13.Squareinshape
14.
square
you
inaccordancewithyourrequest
requested
15.Signonthefrontofthisformthisform
16.
sign
while
do,
(4)删改无关紧要的成份(Removeunneededfacts)
A.Itshouldbenotedthatthisisthebestwecan
B.Foryourinformationweencloseacatalogue.
C.Pleasebeadvisedthatwehavereceivedyour
invoice.
byJuly10
asyouindicated
always
Duringthetimethat
17.
now
5.continuetoutilizetheoldformuntil
startusingthenewformonFebruary
suchtimeasthenewformisavailable
6.despitethefactthatdespite
7.forthemonthofAprilfor
April
8.forobviousreasonthatbecause
9.Iwouldaskthatyouplease
10.inconjunctionwithwith
11.inthemererecentpast
recently
12.intheunlikelyeventthatif
13.intheunlikelyeventthatIamunabletoifIamlate,pleasedelaythemeeting
beontime,pleasedelaythemeeting
14.inviewofthefactthat
because
15.itwillbegreatlyappreciatedifyouplease
16.ourproductionofthenewproductwill
productionwillbeginonJuly1
commenceonJuly1
17.pleasebeadvisedthatweexpectyoutopleasereviewthecontract
reviewtheenclosedcontract
(5)多使用主动语态的句子结构以明确表达意思。
PaymentoftheiraccountswillbemadebyJohnsonsnextweek
Johnsonswillpaytheiraccountsnextweek
4.具体(Concreteness)
⑴尽可能地提供明确、具体的信息。
A.Thesebrakescanstopacarwithinashortdistance.
TheseGoodsonpowerbrakescanstopa2-toncarwithin24feet.
B.Wehopetheequipmentwillbedeliveredtoourcompanyassoonaspossible.
Pleasedelivertheequipmenttoourcompany
beforenextFriday.
C.Sheisafasttypist.
Shetypesatthefastrateof85wordsperminute.
(2)使用具体词汇
A.Wehavenohesitationinadvisingyou…
Weadviseyou…
B.Thepreparationofnewpricescaleisinhand.
Newpricescalesarebeingpreparedthisweek.
C.Duetotheunusualnatureoftherequest,
Astherequestisunusual,…
agreatdealoftime,bad,large,good,small,around,old,convenient,young,little,majority,minority,most,less
5.完整(Completeness)
自查:
谁(Who)?
什么(What)?
什么时候(When)?
在哪里(Where)?
为什么(Why)?
怎么样(How)?
6.礼貌(Courtesy)
例如:
DearMrs.Walters,
Becauseyoudelayedsolonginyourresponse,ModelGSFisoffstock.Ifyouareinterested,wehavesomesimilarmodelsonhand
Yourstruly,修改:
DearMrs.Walters
IfIhadknownyourneedsbeforeMay20,IcouldhaveshippedModelGSPimmediately.However,thespringsaledrainedourstock.
TheModelGSK,asimilarinstrument,isinstock,andyoucouldhaveitatthesamepriceastheGSF.Itnormallysellsfor$10,000more.wewillshipitassoonasyougiveustheword.
Yourssincerely
(1)使用礼貌友好的词汇
A.说“Thankyou",例如:
Thankyouforyourletterofyesterday.
Thankyouforyourpromptreply.
Thankyouforhelpingusinthisrespect.
Thankyouforyourinformation.
(2)体谅对方的写作态度
(You-Attitude)
Writeremphasis:
We
areshippingyourorderon
Friday.
Readeremphasis:
You
willreceiveyourorderby
Monday,October10.
Writeremphasis:
To
reduceourcosts,weare
changingthebillingsystem.
Readeremphasis:
Toprovideyouwithclearrecords,wearechangingourbillingsystem.
Writeremphasis:
Iwaspleasedtohearthatthe
projectwascompleted.
Readeremphasis:
Congratulationsonsuccessfully
completingtheproject
Writeremphasis:
Weregretthatyouclosedyour
accountwithusaweekago.Webelievethatpeoplemaycomebacktoourbankagainsoonerorlatersincewehaveagoodcreditamongourcustomers.
Readeremphasis:
Aweekagoyouclosedyouraccountwithus.Whateverthe
reason,wearepleasedtohaveplayedsomesmallpartinyour
program.Youarecordiallyinvited
touseour'otherservicesas
occasionmayrequire.
(3)措辞得体(AppropriateWording)a.避免采用消极性的词汇或句式NegativeWording:
Theofficeisclosedafterfour
O'clock,PositiveWording:
Theofficeisopenuntilfour
O'clock.
NegativeWording:
WhenIreceivedyourcomplaint,
Icheckedourrecords.
PositiveWording:
WhenIreceivedyourletter,Icheckedourrecords.
NegativeWording:
Becauseyoufailedtoconnect
thecable,thepicturewasblurred.
PositiveWording:
Thepicturewasblurred
becausetheV-2cablewasnotconnectedtotheterminal.
NegativeWording:
Youdidnotreadmyrecent
letter.
PositiveWording:
PleaserefertomyJune10th
letter.
NegativeWording:
receivenotification.
PositiveWording:
NegativeWording:
PositiveWording:
TheExecutiveBoarddidnot
SeveralmembersoftheExecutiveBoardinquiredaboutthetimeofourDecembermeeting.Willyoupleasesendthemafollow-up?
Yourletterwasnotclear.
Iwouldappreciateanoutlineof
ourmarketingdifferencesthatyoumentionedinyourOctober
14thletter.
b.有失礼貌的言词
Wedenyyourclaim
Wedonotbelieve
Wearenotsure
Wefinditdifficulttounderstand
contrivance
Weexpect
Weinsist
Weareforced
Wetakeissue
Youforgot
Youneglected
Youfailedto
Youmisunderstood
Youmust
Youshouldknow
Youdonothave
Youaredelinquent
Youinsistthat
complaint
confusion
contrary
delinquent
deny
disagreeable
exasperate
failure
ignorance
impatience
incompetent
incredible
inexcusable
inference
insincere
insinuate
insulting
Youdidnotsay
Yourcreditrefusal
irresponsible
Yourrecentcomplaint
irritated
Yourfailureto
lack
Yourmisunderstanding
neglect
Yourneglectfulattitude
objection
Yourdisregardfor
obnoxious
Yourinsinuation
offensive
Yourlackofcommunication
unbelievable
intolerable
Yourignoring
Yourdelinquentaccount
uncooperative
(4)避免使用有性别歧视之嫌的词语
A.用“person”代替第三人称单数
例如:
Insteadof:
Pleasesharethis
reportwithyour
supervisor.Hewillfinditinteresting.
Say:
Pleasesharet