形容词和副词的讲解与练习 修订版.docx
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形容词和副词的讲解与练习修订版
形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)
一,作用和位置
(1)“形容词”常用来修饰________________,放在名词的_________或者be/系动词(例如:
become/get/turn/feel等)的__________。
例如:
①漂亮的女孩beautifulgirl(beautiful是形容词,放在名词girl的前面)
②Thebagisbig.(big是形容词,放在be动词后面)
(2)“副词”修饰________,__________,__________,____________常放在所修饰动词的___________,所修饰形容词和副词的______________,所修饰句子的______________.
例如:
①大声说speakloudly(speak是动词,loudly就是副词。
)
②非常好verywell(well“好地”是副词,very是副词,修饰well,放在它的前面)
真的美reallybeautiful(really是副词真正地,beautiful是形容词美丽的,副词放在所修饰形容词的前面)
幸运的是,她通过了考试。
Luckily,shepassedtheexam(幸运地是副词,它修饰整个句子,放在句首)
二,形容词变副词的变化规则
形容词变副词变化规则的口诀:
_________________
___________________
_________________
________________________
变化规则:
副词(adv.)=形容词+ly
carefully=careful+ly
slow(adj.缓慢的)→_____________(adv.缓慢地,慢慢地)
quick(adj.迅速的,快的)→__________(adv.快,迅速)
safe(adj.安全的)→___________(adv.安全地)
polite(adj.礼貌的)→___________(adv.礼貌地)
元e去e加
true(adj.真的)→___________(adv.真正地,精确地)
due(adj适当的)→___________(adv适当地)
辅音字母加y结尾的,要把y变成i,再加ly
happy(adj.高兴的)→happily(adv.高兴地)
heavy→___________dry→__________
busy→__________shy→__________
angry→__________sly→__________
以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y
simple(adj简单的)→simply(adv简单地)
possible→__________comfortable→__________
gentle→__________sensible→__________
特殊情况:
有些词既可作形容词也可作副词。
如:
fast,early,late,hard,high等。
good的副词是well!
(切记)
一、把下面形容词变成副词。
heavy___________slow_________fast__________
careful___________light__________careless_____________
busy___________sad__________loud____________
natural___________successful___________late___________
good___________lucky___________early__________
bad___________nice___________beautiful___________
clever_________easy___________busy_______________
angry__________happy______________close__________
gentle_________wide___________safe________________
deep___________high___________near________________
fast___________
二,选词填空。
1,Heisa________student,andhealwaysdoes_______atschool.(good/well)
2.Myfatherusuallyfinisheshisjobs______________.Heisa__________man.(successful/successfully)
3.Iamso________today.Iwonthematch__________.(lucky/luckily)
4.Shanghaiisa________city.Everyoneworks_________.(busy/busily)
5.Shesingsreally__________.(good/well)
6.Don’tdrivetoo__________(fast).It’sdangerous.
7.Timgoestoschool_________everyday.Butit’stoo________today.(early)
8.Iamnever_________forschool.ButtodayIgottoschooltoo_________.(late)
9.Listentoteachers__________inclass.Youshouldbe__________.
(careful/carefully)
10,Tonyisa______boy.Helosthisbag______thismorning.(careless/carelessly)粗心的
三用括号内词语的正确形式填空
1、Theflowersarevery_____________________.(beautiful)
2、Thegirlsaresittingthere______________________.(quiet)
3、They’retalkingvery_________________.(loud)大声的
4、Wecangetthere_________________.(easy)
5、They’regettingreadyforthesportsmeeting__________________.(busy)
6、They’relivinga_________________life.(happy)
7、Thewindisblowing(吹)__________________.(strong)
8、Heplaysthepiano______________.(bad)
9、Theriverruns_________________downthehill.(fast)
10、Thesunisshining_______________.(bright)
11、Themanisridinghishorsealongtheroad__________________.(slow)
12、Heisspeaking__________________.(angry)
13、Thechildrenarerunning__________________alongtheroad.(happy)
四,用括号里所给词的正确行使填空。
1.Lilyleft_________(angry)yesterday.
2.Theyareplayingbasketball____________.Theyareso_______today.(happy)
3.Pleasewriteitdown__________(quick).快速的
4.Isawagrandmawalk________(slow)intheparkyesterday.
5.Sallydidn’tpasstheexam_________(successful),sosheiscrying______(sad).
6.Ican’thearyou________(clear).Canyousayit________(loud)?
7.Mygrandmaisverynice.Shealwayssmilesatus_________(nice).
8.Mymother_________(usual)goesshoppingwithme.
9.Everythingisgetting_________(good).
10.Ihurtmyknee___________(bad)yesterday.
11.Iamworking________(hard)togetthebestscore.
12.Weareplaying_________(good)asateamnow.
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
一.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成:
1.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成
情况
构成方式
原级
比较级
最高级
一般情况
加-er或-est
new
long
newer
longer
newest
longest
以e结尾的词
加-r或-st
fine
late
finer
later
finest
latest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词
变y为i再加-er或-est
early
happy
earlier
happier
earliest
happiest
重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母
先双写辅音字母,再加-er或-est
hot
thin
fat
hotter
thinner
fatter
hottest
thinnest
fattest
2.多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。
如:
原级比较级最高级
useful--moreuseful--mostuseful
difficult--moredifficult--mostdifficult
delicious--moredelicious--mostdelicious
3.有几个形容词、副词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化:
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
older(新旧或年龄)/elder(兄弟姐妹的长幼关系)
oldest/eldest
far
farther(表示距离,译为“更远”)/further(表示程度,译为“进一步的”)
farthest/furthest
总结为“两好,两坏,两多,一少,一老,一远”不规则。
注意:
healthy--healthier----healthiest
friendly---friendlier---friendliest
crowded---morecrowded---mostcrowded
一.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1.near________________________high______________________
2.warm_______________________clever_____________________
3.white_______________________blue____________________
4.nice________________________gentle______________________
5.safe_________________________wide_______________________
6.close________________________long_______________________
7.heavy_______________________sunny_______________________
8.early_________________________dry_______________________
9.busy________________________happy______________________
10.easy________________________angry_______________________
11.windy_______________________little______________________
12.thin_________________________`fat_________________________
13.hot__________________________big_________________________
14.wet_________________________`good_______________________
15.bad_________________________well_______________________
16.badly_______________________many_______________________
17.much_______________________far_________________________
18.important__________________________________________
19.dangerous__________________________________________
20beautiful___________________________________________
21.difficult____________________________________________
22.brightly____________________________________________
23.strongly____________________________________________
24.expensive___________________________________________
25.quietly_____________________________________________
二.形容词、副词比较级的句型
句型1:
as+形容词原形+as
Thisjacketisasbeautifulasthatone.
1.Thewhiteshirtisas________astheyellowone.
A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest
2.Johnnydoesn’tsingquite_____theotherboysandgirlsinhisclass.
A.sowellasB.asgoodlikeC.aswelllikeD.sogoodas
3.Idon’tbelievetheyoungmancouldrun____fast___20kilometresanhour.
A.as;asB.as;likeC.much;asD.so;like
句型2.notas+形容词原形+as=notso+形容词原形+as
前者不及/不如后者
Thisschoolisnotasbeautifulasthatone.
1.Thegirldoesn’trun_____theboy.
A.muchfasterasB.asfastestasC.morecarefulthanD.sofastas
2.Theboydoesn’tspeak____hissister,buthiswrittenworkisverygood.
A.aswellasB.sogoodasC.morebetterthanD.moreworsethan
句型3:
1)表示“是......的几倍时”......倍数+as原级as.......
Thisgardenistentimesaslargeasthatone。
这个花园是那个的九倍大。
倍数的表达:
once;twice;threetimes;fourtimes.......
2)表示“比...多几倍”倍数+比较级+than....
Hisgardenis9timeslargerthanthatone.
他的花园比那个大九倍。
1.Thisgardenis________thatone.
A.tentimesaslongasB.tentimeslongerasC.tentimeslongerasD.aslongastentimes
2.---IhavethreeEnglishdictionaries.
---Ihavenine.Ihavethreetimes______you.
A.asmuchasB.asmanyasC.aslittleasD.1essthan
句型4:
…than….
1、Thegirlsings____________________________thantheboy.(beautiful)
2、Jackplaysfootball_________________thanDick.(bad)
3、Thesunisshining_____________________thisafternoonthanthismorning.(bright)
4、Jimworks___________________thanTom.(hard)
5、Childrencanlearnlanguagesmore________(easy)thanadults.
比较级+thananyother+单数名词
“比其他的任何一个...”
Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.
1.IthinkP.E.is________anyothersubject.
A.moreimportantthanB.themostimportantC.asimportantthanD.asimportantas
句型5:
the+比较级+ofthetwo…(thetwins.)“两个中较....”(表强调)
Amyistheshorterofthetwogirls.
句型6:
(单音节)比较级+and+比较级”
(多音节)“moreandmore+原级”,越来越……
betterandbetter
fatterandfatter
moreandmorebeautiful
(1)比较级+and+比较级=越来越…/更…、更…
例如:
①香港正变得更大更繁荣。
HongKongisgettingbiggerandbusier.
②他老了,走得越来越慢了。
Heisgettingoldandhewalks__________________________________.
③现在Simon学习越来越认真了。
NowSimonisstudying_________________________________.
4、Theearthisgetting________.
A.warmandwarmerB.warmerandwarmC.warmerandwarmerD.warm,andwarm
5.Thecarisrunning______.Itseemstobeflying.
A.moreandfasterB.moreandfastC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster
6.Theweatherisgetting____and____(cold).
句型7the+比较级,the+比较级=越…,越…
Eg:
开车越小心就越安全。
Themorecarefullyyoudrive,thesaferitis.
越喝多可乐就越胖。
Themorecolayoudrink,thefatteryoubecome.
①练习越多就越容易。
______________youpractise,__________itis.
②你说得越大声,我就越能听清楚。
___________________youspeak,_______