高中英语复习资料 七十年代生的人.docx

高中英语复习资料 七十年代生的人.docx

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高中英语复习资料七十年代生的人

高中第一册

1、HOWMARXLEARNEDFOREIGNLANGUAGESKarlMarxwasborninGermany,andGermanwashisnativelanguage.Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpoliticalreasons.HestayedinBelgiumforafewyears;thenhewenttoFrance.Beforelonghehadtomoveonagain.In1849,hewenttoEnglandandmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.MarxhadlearnedsomeFrenchandEnglishatschool.WhenhegottoEngland,hefoundthathisEnglishwastoolimited.Hestartedworkinghardtoimproveit.HemadesuchrapidprogressthatbeforelonghebegantowritearticlesinEnglishforanAmericannewspaper.Infact,hisEnglishinoneofthesearticleswassogoodthatEngelswrotehimaletterandpraisedhimforit.MarxwrotebacktosaythatEngels'praisehadgreatlyencouragedhim.However,hewentontoexplainthathewasnottoosureabouttwothings--thegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.Theseletterswerewrittenin1853.Intheyearsthatfollowed,MarxkeptonstudyingEnglishandusingit.Whenhewroteoneofhisgreatworks,TheCivilWarinFrance,hehadmasteredthelanguagesowellthathewasbaletowritethebookinEnglish.Inthe1870's,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia,sohebegantolearnRussian.AttheendofsixmonthshehadlearnedenoughtoreadarticlesandreportsinRussian.Inoneofhisbooks,Marxgavesomeadviceonhowtolearnaforeignlanguage.Hesaidwhenapersonislearningaforeignlanguage;hemustnotalwaysbetranslatingeverythingintohisownlanguage.Ifhedoesthis,itshowshehasnotmasteredit.Hemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguage,forgettingallabouthisown.Ifhecannotdothis,hehasnotreallygraspedthespiritoftheforeignlanguageandcannotuseitfreely.

2、ATHOMEINTHEFUTUREAmedicalexaminationwithoutadoctorornurseintheroom?

Doingshoppingathome?

Borrowingbooksfromthelibrarywithoutleavingyourhome?

Theseideasmayseemstrangetoyou.Butscientistsareworkinghardtoturnthemintorealities.Letussupposewecanvisitahomeattheendofthiscentury.WewillvisitaboynamedCharlieGreen.Heisnotfeelingwellthismorning.Hismother,Mrs.Green,wantsthedoctortoseehim.Thatis,shewantsthedoctortolistentohim.ShebringsasetofwirestoCharlie'sroom.Thesewiresarecalledsensors.Sheplacesonesensorinhismouthandoneonhischest.Sheputsanotheronearoundhiswristandoneonhisforehead.Thensheplugsthesensorsintoawalloutlet.Shesaysthecode"TCP".Thismeans"telephonecallplaced."Alittlelightflashesonthewall.TheGreen'swirelesstelephoneisreadyforacall.Mrs.Greensays"2478",thedoctor'stelephonenumber.Fromaspeakeronthewallcomesthedoctor'svoice:

"Goodmorning.""Goodmorning,DrScott,"answersMrs.Green."Charlieisn'tfeelingtoowellthismorning.I'veputthesensorsonhim.Iwonderifyoucanexaminehimnow.""Sure,"thedoctor'svoicesays."Well,hedoesn'thaveafever.Andhispulseisfine.Now,breathedeeply,Charlie."Charliedoesso."Justalittlecold,"saysthedoctor."Betterstayinsidetoday,Charlie.Andtakeiteasy.""Thankyou,Doctor,"saysMrs.Green."TCC（telephonecallcompleted）."Thelightonthewallturnsoff.Thephonecallandtheexaminationarefinished."Charlie,"saysMrs.Green,"sinceyouhavetostayathome,whydon'tyoudosomeshopping?

Youcanpickoutyournewbicycle.Afterall,yourbirthdayisonlytwoweeksaway.""Great,"Charlieanswers.Charlieandhismothersitinfrontofoneofthevisionphones.Thereareseveralintheirhouse."TCP,"saysCharlie.Thewordreadyappearsonthescreenofthevisionphone."NewForestBicycleShop,"avoicesays."MayIhelpyou?

"Charlieanswers,"I'dliketoseeyourten-speedbicycles."Inthenextfewminutes,picturesofmanymodelsofthebicyclesareflashedonthescreen.Thepriceofeachmodelisalsoshown.Thenthevoiceasks,"Areyouinterestedinanyofthesemodels?

""Yes,I'minterestedinmodel6.""Doyouwishtoplaceanorderatthistime?

""Notjustyet,"answersMrs.Green."Myson'sbirthdayisintwoweeks'time.Thankyou.TCC."Thevisionphoneshutsoff.Suchwouldbeourhomeinthefuture.

3、TheBlindMenandtheElephantOnceuponatimethereweresixblindmenwholivedinavillageinIndia.Everydaytheywenttotheroadnearbyandstoodtherebegging.Theyhadoftenheardofelephants,buttheyhadneverseenone,for,beingblind,howcouldthey?

Onemorninganelephantwasleddowntheroadwheretheystood.Whentheyheardthatanelephantwaspassingby,theyaskedthedrivertostopthebeastsothattheycouldhavea"look".Ofcoursetheycouldnotlookathimwiththeireyes,buttheythoughttheymightlearnwhatkindofanimalhewasbytouchingandfeelinghim.For,yousee,theytrustedtheirownsenseoftouchverymuch.Thefirstblindmanhappenedtoplacehishandontheelephant'sside."Well,well,"hesaid."Thisbeastisexactlylikeawall."Thesecondgraspedoneoftheelephant'stusksandfeltit."You'requitemistaken,"hesaid."He'sroundandsmoothandsharp.He'smorelikeaspearthananythingelse."Thethirdhappenedtotakeholdoftheelephant'strunk."You'rebothcompletelywrong,"hesaid."Thiselephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee."Thefourthopenedbothhisarmsandclosedthemroundoneoftheelephant'slegs."Oh,howblindyouare!

"hecried."It'sveryclearthathe'sroundandtalllikeatree."Thefifthwasaverytallman,andhecaughtholdofoneoftheelephant'sears."Eventheblindestpersonmustseethatthiselephantisn'tlikeanyofthethingsyouname,"hesaid."He'sexactlylikeahugefan."Thesixthmanwentforwardtofeeltheelephant.Hewasoldandslowandittookhimquitesometimetofindtheelephantatall.Atlasthegotholdofthebeast'stail."Oh,howsillyyouallare!

"criedhe."Theelephantisn'tlikeawall,oraspear,orasnake,oratree;neitherishelikeafan.Anymanwitheyesinhisheadcanseethathe'sexactlylikearope."Thenthedriverandtheelephantmovedon,andthesixmensatbytheroadsideallday,quarrellingabouttheelephant.Theycouldnotagreewithoneanother,becauseeachbelievedthatheknewjustwhatthebeastlookedlike.Itisnotonlyblindmenwhomakesuchstupidmistakes.Peoplewhocanseesometimesactjustasfoolishly.

4、GALILEOANDARISTOTLE　　About2300yearsago,therelivedinGreeceagreatthinkernamedAristotle.Heobservedthatfeathersfelltothegroundslowly,whilestonesfellmuchfaster.Hethoughtitovercarefullyandconcludedthatheavyobjectsalwaysfellfasterthanlightones.Hisconclusioncertainlysoundedreasonable.Butwenowknowthatitisnottrue.　　Inthosedayspeopleseldomdidexperimentstotesttheirideas.Whentheyobservedanythingthathappened,theythoughtaboutitandthendrewaconclusion.OnceAristotlemadeuphismindthatheavyobjectsalwaysfellfasterthanlightobjects,hetaughtitasatruthtohisstudents.AndbecausehewasAristotle,thegreatthinker,noonequestionedhisideaforalmost2000years.　　Then,almost400yearsago,anItalianscientistnamedGalileobegantoquestionAristotle'stheoryoffallingobjects.HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.HedecidedtodosomeexperimentstotestAristotle'stheory.　　GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,wherethereisaleaningtowerabout180feethigh.FromthetopofthetowerGalileodroppedalightballandaheavyballatexactlythesametime.Theybothfellataboutthesamespeedandhitthegroundtogether.Hetriedtheexperimentsagainandagain.Everytimehegotthesameresult.Atlast,hedecidedthathehadfoundthetruthaboutfallingobjects.Asweknownow,heavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedunlessairholdsthemback.Afeatherfallsslowerthanastoneonlybecausetheairholdsthefeatherbackmorethanitdoesthestone.　　WhenGalileotoldpeopleofhisdiscovery,noonewouldbelievehim.ButGalileowasnotdiscouraged.Hewentondoingexperimentstotestthetruthofotheroldideas.Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.Hecollectedfactsthatprovedtheearthandalltheotherplanetsmovearoundthesun.　　TodaywepraiseGalileoandcallhimoneofthefoundersofmodernscience.Heobservedthingscarefullyandnevertookanythingforgranted.Instead,hedidexperimentstotestandproveanideabeforehewasreadytoacceptit.　　AnexperimentwasdoneonthemooninJuly,1971.OneoftheUSastronautswhomadethefirstdeepspacewalkonthemoondroppedahammerandafeathertogether.Theybothlandedonthesurfaceofthemoonatthesametime.ThisexperimentprovedthatGalileo'stheoryoffallingobjectsistrue.

5、TheLostNecklacePlace:

aparkinParisTime:

asummerafternoonin1870People:

MathildeLoisel,wifePierreLoisel,husband（Jeanneissittinginthepark.Mathildewalkstowardsher,shestopsandspeakstoJeanne.）Mathilde:

Goodafternoon,Jeanne.Jeanne:

（Lookingattheotherwoman）I，msorry,butIdon，tthinkIknowyou.Mathilde:

No,youwouldn’tbutmanyyearsagoyouknewmewell.I，mMathildeLoisel.Jeanne:

Mathilde!

Myoldschoolfriend.Isitpossible?

Butyes,ofcourseitis.NowIremember.Wherehaveyoubeenalltheseyears,Mathilde?

Ihopeyouweren，till.Mathilde:

No,Jeanne,Iwasn，till.Youseehereanoldwoman.Butit，sbecauseofhardwor—tenyearsofhardwork.Jeanne:

ButIdon，tunderstand,Mathilde.There，sonlyoneyearbetweenus;I，mthirty-fiveandyou，rethirty-four.Canhardworkchangeapersonthatmuch?

Mathilde:

Yes,itcan.Yearsofhardwork,littlefood,onlyacoldroomtoliveinandnev