中国人民大学考博英语真题.docx
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中国人民大学考博英语真题
5.中国人民大学2006
PartIVocabulary
Directions:
Foreachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestonethatcompletesthesentenceoristhenearestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedword.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.
1.WhenIheardthatMrs.Thacherresigned,Icalledher.Iwantedhertoknowthatmyheartwas______her.
A.forB.ofC.inD.with
2.Gentlenesshasbeenconsidereda______trait.
A.boyishB.delicateC.feminineD.male
3.Weknowthatthisistrue,but______werecognizethistruthonlyinourbackwardglance.
A.alltoooftenB.toooftenC.alltoolateD.toolate
4.Theretiringprofessorwas______byhiscolleague.
A.criticizedB.exaltedC.drivenoutD.examined
5.Heishonest.Hisactionsarealways______hiswords.
A.contradictorytoB.contradictedbyC.agreedwithD.consistentwith
6.Lifeisneverjust______.
A.livingB.beingC.existingD.going
7.Thelady______herskirtbysittingontheseatwhileflying.
A.disorderedB.disarrangedC.creasedD.crashed
8.Youmustalwaysbereadytosacrifice______toduty.
A.inclinationB.tendencyC.interestD.career
9.Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.
A.permissiveB.permissibleC.permutableD.pernicious
10.Hispleasantways______meintothinkingthathewasmygoodfriend.
A.deprivedB.despisedC.divertedD.beguiled
11.______animalsmustbekeptincagesincasetheymighthurtthetourists.
A.LandB.DomesticC.ViciousD.Farm
12.Almostovernight,Amesbecameaheroofenvironmentalistswhenhisfindingledtonewand______bansoncertainchemicals.
A.regulationsB.authoritiesC.ordersD.suggestions
13.The______noisewhistleskeptmeawakeallnight.
A.incarnateB.incessantC.repetitiousD.rampant
14.Thebabyseemscontent;hemusthave______hisnewnursemaid.
A.takentoB.takenafterC.takenfromD.takenin
15.HehadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheNaziauthorities,andhadnoother______.
A.alternativeB.hopeC.resourceD.approach
16.Agoodsenseofrhythmisoneofhisnatural______asapoet.
A.endowmentsB.interest
C.weaknessesD.accomplishments
17.Allhisattemptstoargueabouttherightnesswere______.
A.futileB.notimportant
C.effectiveinuseD.withoutreason
18.Iam______lowbrow,admirethehighbrowallthemoreforhispatronizingtype.
A.conceitingB.humbleC.overweeningD.poor
19.Lowbrowsarequite______forhighbrowstohavetheirsymphoniesandtheirRussiannovels.
A.contentB.containedC.capacityD.yearning
20.Asthespeedofchangebringsdesign______fashion,thendecisionsabouttastewillhavetobemademoreandmoreregularly.
A.neartoB.nearertoC.nexttoD.closeto
21.Thedarkcloudssuggesta(n)______storm.
A.impendingB.surprisingC.fastD.unexpected
22.Toourgrief,hebecame______tothedrug.
A.addictedB.interestedC.amusedD.disturbed
23.Beingaforeigner,Caddidnot______tothejoke.
A.appreciateB.catchonC.laughD.like
24.TalksonclimatechangeresumedintheGermancityofBonnonJuly16to______globalwarming.
A.foeusonB.combatC.settledownD.sumup
25.Hisparents______himtoenlistwhenhewasseventeen.
A.permittedB.committedC.madeD.enabled
26.______maythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustify.
A.OptimistsB.PessimistsC.CynieistsD.Humorists
27.Hequickly______behindthebuildingtoavoidbeinghurtbythestonesthrowninhisdirection.
A.duckedB.evadedC.escapedD.dodged
28.Byisolatingnegativewordsandphrases,youcan______thedamageyou'redoingtoyourself.
A.pointoutB.pointC.pinpointD.get
29.Itdidthe______serviceoffreeingusfromthedilemma.
A.immenseB.muchC.lotofD.innumerous
30.Sports,andnotlearning,seemto______inthatschool.
A.appearB.occupyC.dominateD.lead
31.Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwayto______povertytheyhadendured.
A.shakeoffB.wardoffC.putoffD.takeoff
32.Asskiesfillwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalmiracleappearstodependonaseeming______Thefatterthebird,themoreefficientlyitflies.
A.interruptionB.description
C.qualificationD.contradiction
33.HismeetingwithPicassowasanimportant______intheartist'slife.
A.lessonB.episodeC.sceneD.chapter
34.BordersthesedayshavelittlemeaningforSingapore-basedregional______ofelectronicsfirmslikeSanyoandPhilips.
A.executivesB.officialsC.governorsD.servants
35.Unfortunately,thewoman'shat______myviewofthestage.
A.blockedupB.obstructedC.preventedD.interfered
36.Meantime,roadconstructionis______onthesiteofaproposedTumanRiverTriangle.
A.underwayB.inthewayC.ofthewayD.byway
37.Everyoneknowsthatthefireflyisa(n)______insect.
A.firingB.lightingC.aluminiferousD.glowing
38.Preferentialpoliciesandreadycooperationdoplayarolein______poverty.
A.alleviatingB.activatingC.assaultingD.accustoming
39.Thefactthattheseregionsare______innaturalresourcesdoesn'tmeanlocalpeoplearewelloff.
A.adorableB.accessibleC.abundantD.ambient
40.Inspiteofaproblemwiththe______equipment,someveryusefulworkwasaccomplished.
A.imperfectB.temporaryC.emergencyD.reinstalled
PartIIReadingComprehension
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassages,decideonthebestoneofthechoicesmarkedA,B,CandDforeachquestionorunfinishedstatementandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
ThereisextraordinaryexposureintheUnitedStatestotherisksofinjuryanddeathfrommotorvehicleaccidents.Morethan80percentofallhouseholdsownpassengercarsorlighttrucksandeachoftheseisdrivenaaverageofmorethan11,000mileseachyear.Almostone-halfoffatallyinjureddrivershaveabloodalcoholconcentration(BAC)of0.1percentorhigher.Fortheaverageadult,overfiveouncesof80proofspiritswouldhavetobeconsumedoverashortperiodoftimetoattaintheselevels.Athirdofdriverswhohavebeendrinking,butfewerthan4percentofalldrivers,demonstratetheselevels.Althoughlessthan1percentofdriverswithBACsof0.1percentormoreareinvolvedinfatalcrashes,theprobabilityoftheirinvolvementis27timeshigherthanforthosewithoutalcoholintheirblood.
Thereareanumberofdifferentapproachestoreducinginjuriesinwhichintoxicationplaysarole.Basedontheobservationthatexcessiveconsumptioncorrelateswiththetotalalcoholconsumptionofacountry'spopulation,ithasbeensuggestedthathighertaxesonalcoholwouldreduceboth.Whiletheheaviestdrinkerswouldbetaxedthemost,anyonewhodrinksatallwouldbepenalizedbythisapproach.
Tomakedrinkinganddrivingacriminaloffenseisanapproachdirectedonlyatintoxicateddrivers.Insomestates,thelawempowerspolicetorequestbreathtestsofdriverscitedforanytrafficoffenseandelevatedBACcanbethebasisforarrest.TheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationestimates,however,thatevenwithincreasedattests,thereareabout700violationsforeveryarrest.Atthislevelthereislittleevidencethatlawsserveasdeterrentstodrinkingwhileintoxicated.InBritain,motorvehiclefatalitiesfell25percentimmediatelyfollowingimplementationoftheRoadSafetyActin1967.AstheBritishincreasinglyrecognizedthattheycoulddrinkandnotbestopped,theeffectivenessdeclined,althoughintheensuingthreeyearsthefatalityrateseldomreachedthatobservedinthesevenyearspriortotheAct.
WhetherpenaltiesfordrivingwithahighBACorexcessivetaxationonconsumptionofalcoholicbeverageswilldetertheexcessivedrinkerresponsibletotmostfatalitiesisunclear.Infact,theanswerdependsontheextenttowhichthosewithhighBACinvolvedincrashesarecapableofcontrollingtheirintakeinresponsetoeconomicorpenalthreat.Therapeuticprogramswhichrangefromindividualandgroupcounselingandpsychotherapytochemotherapyconstituteanotherapproach,buttheyhavenotdiminishedtheproportionofaccidentsinwhichalcoholwasafactor.Inthefewcontrolledtrialsthathavebeenreported,thereislittleevidencethatrehabilitationprogramsforthoserepeatedlyarrestedfordrunkenbehaviorhavereducedeithertherecidivismorcrashrates.Thusfar,thereisnofirmevidencethatAlcoholSafetyActionProjectsupportedprograms,inwhichrehabilitationmeasuresarerequestedbytilecourt,havedecreasedrecidivismorcrashinvolvementforclientsexposedtothem,althoughknowledgeandattitudeshaveimproved.Onethingisclear,however,unlesswedealwithautomobileandhighwaysafetyandreduceaccidentsinwhichalcoholicintoxicationplaysarole,manywillcontinuetodie.
41.Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith______.
A.interpretingtheresultsofsurveysontrafficfatalities
B.reviewingtheeffectivenessofattemptstocurbdrunkdriving
C.suggestingreasonsfortheprevalenceofdrunkdrivingintheUnitedStates
D.analyzingthecausesofthelargenumberofannualtrafficfatalities
42.Itcanbeinferredthatthe1967RoadSafetyActinBritain______.
A.requireddriversconvictedunderthelawtoundergorehabilitationtherapy
B.madeitillegaltodrivewhileintoxicated
C.increasedthenumberofdrunkdrivingarrests
D.placedataxonthesaleofalcoholicdrinks
43.Theauthorimplie