高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题及解析.docx

高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题及解析.docx

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高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题及解析

高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we'reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.

   Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon'taffectmostofusdirectly，itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:

chocolate.

   AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao-theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced-maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.

   Mostoftheworld'scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator，withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast.

It'spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.

   Theproblemdoesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however，butinlowerhumidity（湿度），asit'sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.

   “Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss,”MichonScott,theessay'sauthor,wrote.

   Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology,accordingtoUSNews.

   Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld'sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.

   “Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,”MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.

   Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe'reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast.

（1）Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?

A. Theincreasedheatthere.                                

B. Thehigherhumiditythere.

C. Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.                         

D. Themoisturelossinthesoilthere.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”intheseventhparagraphmean?

A. holdback                          

B. makeupfor                          

C. protect                          

D. accept

（3）WhatwillUScompanyMarsdotohelpcacaosurvive?

A. Itwillworkhardtoplantcacaoingreenhouses.         

B. Itwillapplygeneeditingtechnologyinplantingcacao.

C. Itwillgivefinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange.         

D. Itwilldevelopcacaothatcansurviveindryerconditions.

（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?

A. Chocolatecouldbecomehistory                    

B. Worktogethertofightclimatechange

C. Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture?

            D. Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange?

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第七段中的“‘Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss,’MichonScott,theessay'sauthor,wrote.”可知未来赤道附近的可可树很难存活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第六段中的“Theproblemdoesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however，butinlowerhumidity（湿度），asit'sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.可知Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture（含水量）loss”的意思是换句话说，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降雨量的增长不足以抵消水量的流失，所以“offset”的意思是弥补，抵消，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段中的“Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld'sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.”可知美国的火星巧克力公司给予财政支援，用来帮助对抗气候的变化，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，用于制造巧克力的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

SpanishLanguage&CultureProgram

   Whileimprovingyourlanguageskills,youcanlearnaboutSpanishculture.Withthehelp,ofcoursesinart,tourism,cinemaandmore....taughtinSpanish.

   Place:

Alicante.Spain

   Price:

$3.495

   Dates:

   Program:

fromMay5th.2019toJune1st,2019

   Application:

byMarch1st,2019Withdrawal:

beforeApril1st.2019

   Application:

   Completeapplication

   GPA:

notlessthan2.5.

   $95onlineapplicationfee

   Educationcompleted:

highschoolgraduate

   ProgramDetails

   You'lltake1languagecourseand1culturecourse.languagecoursesmeetfor60classhours/4credits（学分）.Whileculturecoursesmeetfor20hours/1credit.Languageandculturecoursesmeetdaily.Monday-Friday.ActivelearningofyourcoursesmaybescheduledforFridays.

   BeforeyouleaveforAlicante,youwillchooseyourpreferredcoursesandtakealanguageplacementexam.You'llbeadmittedtocoursesbasedontheiravailability.SoitisinyourbestinteresttohaveyourhomeuniversityagreewithmanycoursesbeforeyousetoffforAlicante.Tomakesurethatyoureceivethecreditforthelanguagelevelthatisfitforyou,haveyourhomeuniversitypre-agreewithcoursesatseverallevelsbeforeyouleaveforSpain.Pleaseaskyouradvisoratyourhomeuniversityaboutcreditguidelines.

   WhereYou'llStudyandStay

   LyingononeofSpain'smost.attractivecampuses,theUniversityofAlicanteallowsyoutotakepartinclassesandactivities:

withSpanishandotherinternationalstudents.YoucanchooseCEAhousingorprepareyourownindependenthousing.CEAhousingwillmakeeveryefforttomatchyourhousingrequests.

（1）Whencanyoutakebackyourapplication?

A.OnJune1st.2019.

B.OnApril1st.2019.

C.OnMay5th,2019.

D.OnMarch5th,2019.

（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutthisprogram?

A.Eachofthecoursescosts$95.

B.Highschoolfreshmencanapplyforit.

C.Studentscanget5creditsafterfinishingtheprogram.

D.Activelearningcoursesshouldbebookedaheadoftime.

（3）WhatshouldyoudobeforeleavingforAlicante?

A.Gainasmanycreditsaspossible.

B.Preparemanychoicesofcourses.

C.Improveyourcommunicationskill.

D.Tryyourchosencoursesatyourhomeuniversity.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个学习西班牙语和西班牙文化的项目。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Dates部分中的“Withdrawal:

byApril1st,2019”可知，在2019年4月1日之前可以撤回对这一项目的申请，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据ProgramDetails部分中的“You'lltake1languagecourseand1culturecourse.languagecoursesmeetfor60classhours/4credits（学分）.Whileculturecoursesmeetfor20hours/1credit.”你将会有一门语言课，一门文化课程。

语言课程上60个小时，获得4学分。

文化课程上20个小时，获得1学分。

可知，该项目结课时，学生一共可获得5个学分。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据ProgramDetails部分中的“SoitisinyourbestinteresttohaveyourhomeuniversityagreewithmanycoursesbeforeyousetoffforAlicante.”最好是在你去Alicante之前，让你现在所在的大学同意你可选多种多样的课，可知，该项目不能保证你一定能选到你想上的课程，所以应该在前往Alicante之前准备好多种课程选择。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   EveryyearinAmerica,high-schoolstudentswhowanttogotocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest,orSATinashortenedway.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthemorwhetheranywillbeadmittedatall.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone'smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally,theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.

   ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion,tobeansweredinanessay,hand-writtenonthespot.That'saninterestingwaytotestwritingability,butcontentaside,haveyoueverseenyoungpeople'shandwritinglately?

Oranyone'sforthatmatter,inthisageofcomputerkeyboards?

Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.Theyscribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.

   Yettoday'skidsareaskedtowrite,thoughtfullyandclearly,forseveralminutesonthisSATTest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl（潦草的字迹）ofyoungpeoplewho'vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree!

Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone'sscoreontheSAT,butalso,lateroninlife,impresspotentialemployers.Anddon'tforget,weallhavetoturntohandwritingfromtimetotime,ascomputersgodownwhenpowergoesout.

   Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting?

Well,withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.

   Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb,thenrestitnearthefirstknuckle（指节）ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled（卷曲）underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.

   Evaluateyourwriting.Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.

   Takeyourtime.Speedisboundtomakeyourwritingmessy-looking.

   Practice.Practiceitalot;it'snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.

（1）Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans________.

A. writequicklyandroughly                                

B. typesimplyandcorrectly

C. paintclearlyandneatly                                   

D. describeproperlyandwell

（2）AccordingtoParagraph3,studentswithgoodhandwritingskill________.

A. canpasstheSAT                                              

B. candevelopgoodcharacters

C. canimpresstheirclassmates                           D. cangetmorejobopportunities