名从性从句高考真题.docx
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名从性从句高考真题
专题八名词性从句
that,whether与if引导名词性从句的区别
——考题尝试(单句语法填空)
1.(2016·北京高考改编)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.
2.(2013·全国卷Ⅰ改编)Iamwonderingwhetheryoucanpickhimupattheairport.
3.(2015·北京高考改编)Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.
4.(2012·浙江高考改编)Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.
——规则点拨
当名词性从句主干齐全,又不缺少状语时,用连接词引导。
连接词有that,whether和if。
1.that:
that连接名词性从句,只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分。
在宾语从句中可以省略。
Theteacherinformedus(that)wewouldhaveatestthenextday.
老师告知我们第二天进行测试。
2.if和whether:
有“是否”的含义,表示一般疑问。
主语从句和表语从句中只能用whether不能用if。
if和whether也不在从句中作成分,只起连接作用。
Thetroubleiswhetherhecancomeontime.
麻烦是他是否能按时来。
[注意事项]
1.在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
(1)引导主语从句并在句首时;
(2)引导表语从句时;
(3)引导从句作介词宾语时;
(4)从句后有“ornot”时;
(5)后接动词不定式时。
2.that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,常见句型有:
(1)it+be+形容词(如:
obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,evident,clear,apparent等)+that从句。
(2)it+be+名词(如:
nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise等)+that从句。
(3)it+be+过去分词(如:
said,reported,thought,estimated,expected,decided,announced,arranged,recognized等)+that从句。
类似句型还有:
Itcannotbedeniedthat.../Itmustbeadmittedthat...
(4)it+动词(如:
seem,appear,happen,occurtosb.,doesn'tmatter,makenodifference等)+that从句。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1.Thathewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedeveryoneofus.
2.It'snowonderthatyou'veachievedsomuchsuccess.
3.IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.
4.IfeelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentothegettogether.
5.Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.
6.Iamnotinterestedinwhethertheybelieveinmeornot.
连接代词引导的名词性从句
——考题尝试(单句语法填空)
1.(2014·福建高考改编)Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingwhatyou'reafraidtodo.
2.(2014·浙江高考改编)“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.
3.(2013·北京高考改编)ItookprideinwhatIhaddoneintheabsenceofmyfather.
4.(2013·全国卷Ⅱ改编)Bytheway,doyouknowwhattheystandfor?
5.(2013·福建高考改编)Personallyspeaking,Idon'tthinkwhattheseparentsdoishelpfultotheirchildren.
——规则点拨
连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which
这几个连接词不但起连接作用,也在从句中作名词或代词所作的成分,如主语、表语、宾语、定语。
缺少连接代词,从句不完整。
Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.
影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。
Whatworriesusmostiswholetoutthesecret.
最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhowillpresideoverthemeeting.
2.I'dliketostartmyownbusiness—that'swhatI'ddoifIhadthemoney.
3.(2017·太原五中一模)WhowillcometohelpwithmyEnglishhasn'tbeendecided.
4.(2014·湖南高考改编)AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeiswhathappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.
5.(2014·山东高考改编)Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.
连接副词引导的名词性从句
——考题尝试(单句语法填空)
1.(2015·北京高考改编)Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.
2.(2015·福建高考改编)—IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.
—Byworkingouteveryday.
3.(2015·湖南高考改编)Youhavetoknowwhereyou'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.
4.(2015·重庆高考改编)WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.
5.(2014·广东高考改编)Ididn'tunderstandwhythiswouldhappenand...
——规则点拨
连接副词when,where,why,how
这几个连接词不但起连接作用,也在从句中作状语,表示时间、地点、原因和方式。
Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.
他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。
Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.
去把大衣拿来。
就在你原来放的地方。
IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.
我不知道怎么能到火车站。
That'swhyIwantyoutoworkthere.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1.(2017·大庆质量检测二)PeoplewhovisitedmeusedtoaskmehowIcouldsleep.“Doesn'tthesoundofthetrafficbotheryou?
Howcanyougetusedtosomuchnoise?
”
2.Theproblemishowwecanimproveourreadingskillsinsuchashorttime.
3.Sheaskedaquestionwhytherewasadelay.
4.(2017·湖南岳阳一中检测)Mr.Whiteisopposedtorepairingtheoldbuilding,andthat'swhereIdon'tagree.
whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however的用法
——考题尝试(单句语法填空)
1.(2016·北京高考改编)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.
2.(2013·江西高考改编)Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.
3.(2014·北京高考改编)Somepeoplebelievewhateverhashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.
——规则点拨
它们的作用等同于who,what,which,where,when,how,但语气加强了。
这类词引导名词性从句时,不能用nomatter+who/what...代替。
1.引导主语从句。
Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.
无论谁做的这项工作都肯定会被奖励。
2.引导宾语从句,充当直接宾语。
I'llgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed.
不论你需要多少钱我都给你。
3.引导宾语从句,充当间接宾语。
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpahand.
她将给任何需要帮助的人提供帮助。
4.引导介词的宾语从句。
Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyouprefer.
你可以写你喜欢的任何话题。
5.引导宾语从句,充当宾语补足语。
We'llmakehimwhateverheisfitfor.
他适合什么我们就让他做什么。
[注意事项]
“nomatter+疑问词”包括nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow;它们的意义跟前面对应的“疑问词ever”相同,但它们只能用来引导状语从句。
Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes,youwillsayIamout.
不管谁来,你就说我不在家。
However/Nomatterhowtiredhewas,hewentonworking.
无论他多么累,他都继续工作。
——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1.(2017·株洲二中月考)Withanoptimisticattitudeandastrongwill,wecanovercomewhateverdifficultieswemightmeetwithandachieveourgoals.
2.Asmanyassevencoursesareprovided,andtheyarefreetochoosewhicheversuitsthembest.
3.(2017·四川营山县模拟)Whoeversetsfiretotheforestshouldbepunished.
4.WhicheverteamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.
1.宾语从句
(2014·广东高考)Ididn'tunderstand________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.
解析:
why 根据语境此处应用why引导宾语从句。
2.主语从句
(2016·江苏高考改编)Itisoftenthecase________anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.
解析:
that 此句为主语从句,从句中不缺少任何成分,句意完整,故使用that引导。
3.表语从句
①(2016·北京高考改编)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.
解析:
that 根据句子结构可知,本句是表语从句,且表语从句中主系表结构完整,故使用连词that引导表语从句,that在表语从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用。
②(2015·安徽高考改编)Ashipinharborissafe,butthat'snot________shipsarebuiltfor.
解析:
what 空格后的句子是表语从句,表语从句中for缺少宾语,故用what。
4.同位语从句
①(2016·天津高考改编)Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.
解析:
that 空格后面是建议的具体内容,从句不缺成分,故填that。
②(2014·重庆高考改编)—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?
—Yeah,butIhavenoidea________hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.
解析:
why 根据后面的“that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities”可知这里指原因,故用why引导。
1.从属连词与连接副词之间的错用
示例
(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.答案:
where→that或去掉where
点拨
从属连词有that/whether/if等,连接副词有when,where等。
从属连词不作成分,而连接副词作状语。
2.连接代词(what,which和who等)之间的错用
示例
(2013·辽宁高考)Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.答案:
which→what
点拨
引导名词性从句且在从句中作主语或宾语时应用what(什么);which(哪一个);who(谁)等,注意它们之间意义的差别。
3.that与what之间的错用
示例
(2017·银川二中一模)Foronething,thatyouarestudyingisbadlyneedednowadaysinourcountry.答案:
that→what
点拨
what在名词性从句中可作主语、宾语或表语;而that本身没有意义,不作任何成分,只起连接作用。
4.从属连词that与whether/if之间的错用
示例
(2017·山东师大附中模拟)Thereisnodoubtwhetheritisofgreathelptotheirstudyandfuturelife.答案:
whether→that
点拨
that不作成分,没有实际意义;whether/if也不作成分但有实际意义,有“是否”之意。
5.从属连词that的缺失
示例
(2017·遵义航天高级中学模拟)Andyoushouldalsohaveabeliefyouaresuretosucceedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.答案:
belief后加that
点拨
that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不能省略,引导宾语从句时可以省略。
[增分技法]
1.掌握好引导词that的省略与不省略。
他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。
Hissuccessliesinthefactthathewaswellpreparedforthematch.
2.what从句在写作中非常有用,叫不出名字的事物都可用这个句式来表达。
近几年,我们的学校发生了很大的变化,已不再是过去的样子了。
Inthepastfewyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourschoolanditisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.
3.用好whatever,however等引导的名词性从句和让步状语从句。
我们必须尽一切努力来保护我们的环境。
Wemustdowhateverittakestoprotectourenvironment.
[巧用增分]
①我反对这个工程的原因是,它花费太多的钱,而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。
(beagainst,project,thereasonwhy...isthat,toimprovethelivesofthelocalpeople)
The_reason_why_I_am_against_the_project_is_that_it_will_cost_too_much_money,_which_should_be_used_to_improve_the_lives_of_local_people.
②如果我们想成功,我们应当相信我们做的事情,相信我们自己。
(succeed,believeinwhatwedo,whoweare)
We_should_believe_in_what_we_do_and_who_we_are_if_we_are_to_succeed.
③无论谁想成功,都必须尽最大努力。
(whoever,succeed,doone'sbest)
Whoever_wants_to_succeed_must_do_his/her_best.
[题点对点练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2017·重庆南开中学月考)Lifeistenpercentwhathappenstoyouandninetypercenthowyourespondit.
2.(2017·邯郸调研)Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswonderedwhattheboywoulddo.
3.(2017·四川成都高新区检测)Inmyopinion,whatmattersiswhetherwecanwintogetherasateaminsteadofindividuals.
4.(2017·益阳模拟)Halfoftheworld'spopulationisundertheageof25andwhentheyarenotinvolvedinthedecisionmakingprocess,theyarenotawareofwhatistakingplace.
5.(2017·本溪高级中学月考)WhethertheflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayediswhatI'mespeciallyworriedabout.
6.(2017·怀化一模)Thereareasmanyasfivestudents'clubsinourschool.Youcanjoinwhicheverinterestsyoumost.
7.(2017·杭州二模)Withtimegoingby,whatonceseemedvitalinourlifeisnolongerasimportantnow.
8.(2017·山东省实验中学一模)ShehasreceivedanofferfromBerkeley,butIdon'tknowwhether/ifshewillacceptit.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Successpartlydependsonifyouhavethepatiencetodosimplethingsperfectly.if→whether
2.We'reallpleasedwhatwehaveonceagainovercomethedifficulty.what→that
3.Weallconsiderimportantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkastheygrow.consider后加it
4.Mysuggestionisweshouldhavead