关于一些MATLAB用法和器件名称的中英文翻译.docx

关于一些MATLAB用法和器件名称的中英文翻译.docx

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关于一些MATLAB用法和器件名称的中英文翻译

MATLAB-TheLanguageOfTechnicalComputing

MATLABisahigh-levellanguageandinteractiveenvironmentthatenablesyoutoperformcomputationallyintensivetasksfasterthanwithtraditionalprogramminglanguagessuchasC,C++,andFortran.YoucanuseMATLABinawiderangeofapplications,includingsignalandimageprocessing,communications,controldesign,testandmeasurement,financialmodelingandanalysis,andcomputationalbiology.Add-ontoolboxes（collectionsofspecial-purposeMATLABfunctions,availableseparately）extendtheMATLABenvironmenttosolveparticularclassesofproblemsintheseapplicationareas.MATLABprovidesanumberoffeaturesfordocumentingandsharingyourwork.YoucanintegrateyourMATLABcodewithotherlanguagesandapplications,anddistributeyourMATLABalgorithmsandapplications.

MATLABhaskeyfeatuersasfollows:

（1）High-levellanguagefortechnicalcomputing

（2）Developmentenvironmentformanagingcode,files,anddata（3）Interactivetoolsforiterativeexploration,design,andproblemsolving4）Mathematicalfunctionsforlinearalgebra,statistics,Fourieranalysis,filtering,optimization,andnumericalintegration（5）2-Dand3-Dgraphicsfunctionsforvisualizingdata（6）Toolsforbuildingcustomgraphicaluserinterfaces（7）FunctionsforintegratingMATLABbasedalgorithmswithexternalapplicationsandlanguages,suchasC,C++,Fortran,Java,COM,andMicrosoftExcel

TheMATLABlanguagesupportsthevectorandmatrixoperationsthatarefundamentaltoengineeringandscientificproblems.Itenablesfastdevelopmentandexecution.WiththeMATLABlanguage,youcanprogramanddevelopalgorithmsfasterthanwithtraditionallanguagesbecauseyoudonotneedtoperformlow-leveladministrativetasks,suchasdeclaringvariables,specifyingdatatypes,andallocatingmemory.Inmanycases,MATLABeliminatestheneedfor‘for’loops.Asaresult,onelineofMATLABcodecanoftenreplaceseverallinesofCorC++code.Atthesametime,MATLABprovidesallthefeaturesofatraditionalprogramminglanguage,includingarithmeticoperators,flowcontrol,datastructures,datatypes,object-orientedprogramming（OOP）,anddebuggingfeatures.MATLABletsyouexecutecommandsorgroupsofcommandsoneatatime,withoutcompilingandlinking,enablingyoutoquicklyiteratetotheoptimalsolution.Forfastexecutionofheavymatrixandvectorcomputations,MATLABusesprocessor-optimizedlibraries.Forgeneral-purposescalarcomputations,MATLABgeneratesmachine-codeinstructionsusingitsJIT（Just-In-Time）compilationtechnology.Thistechnology,whichisavailableonmostplatforms,providesexecutionspeedsthatrivalthoseoftraditionalprogramminglanguages.MATLABincludesdevelopmenttoolsthathelpyouimplementyouralgorithmefficiently.Theseincludethefollowing:

MATLABEditor-Providesstandardeditinganddebuggingfeatures,suchassettingbreakpointsandsinglestepping.M-LintCodeChecker-Analyzesyourcodeandrecommendschangestoimproveitsperformanceandmaintainability.MATLABProfiler-Recordsthetimespentexecutingeachlineofcode.DirectoryReports-Scanallthefilesinadirectoryandreportoncodeefficiency,filedifferences,filedependencies,andcodecoverage。

YoucanusetheinteractivetoolGUIDE（GraphicalUserInterfaceDevelopmentEnvironment）tolayout,design,andedituserinterfaces.GUIDEletsyouincludelistboxes,pull-downmenus,pushbuttons,radiobuttons,andsliders,aswellasMATLABplotsandActiveXcontrols.Alternatively,youcancreateGUIsprogrammaticallyusingMATLABfunctions.

MATLABsupportstheentiredataanalysisprocess,fromacquiringdatafromexternaldevicesanddatabases,throughpreprocessing,visualization,andnumericalanalysis,toproducingpresentation-qualityoutput.

TheMATLABproductprovidesinteractivetoolsandcommand-linefunctionsfordataanalysisoperations,including:

（1）Interpolatinganddecimating

（2）Extractingsectionsofdata,scaling,andaveraging

（3）Thresholdingandsmoothing

（4）Correlation,Fourieranalysis,andfiltering

（5）1-Dpeak,valley,andzerofinding

（6）Basicstatisticsandcurvefitting

（7）Matrixanalysis

MATLABisanefficientplatformforaccessingdatafromfiles,otherapplications,databases,andexternaldevices.Youcanreaddatafrompopularfileformats,suchasMicrosoftExcel;ASCIItextorbinaryfiles;image,sound,andvideofiles;andscientificfiles,suchasHDFandHDF5.Low-levelbinaryfileI/Ofunctionsletyouworkwithdatafilesinanyformat.AdditionalfunctionsletyoureaddatafromWebpagesandXML.

Youcancallotherapplicationsandlanguages,suchasC,C++,COMobjects,DLLs,Java,Fortran,andMicrosoftExcel,andaccessFTPsitesandWebservices.UsingtheDatabaseToolbox™,youcanalsoaccessdatafromODBC/JDBC-compliantdatabases.

Youcanacquiredatafromhardwaredevices,suchasyourcomputer‘sserialportorsoundcard.UsingtheDataAcquisitionToolbox™,youcanstreamlive,measureddatadirectlyintoMATLABforanalysisandvisualization.TheInstrumentControlToolbox™（availableseparately）enablescommunicationwithGPIBandVXIhardware.

AllthegraphicsfeaturesthatarerequiredtovisualizeengineeringandscientificdataareavailableinMATLAB®.Theseinclude2-Dand3-Dplottingfunctions,3-Dvolumevisualizationfunctions,toolsforinteractivelycreatingplots,andtheabilitytoexportresultstoallpopulargraphicsformats.Youcancustomizeplotsbyaddingmultipleaxes;changinglinecolorsandmarkers;addingannotation,LaTEXequations,andlegends;anddrawingshapes.Youcanvisualizevectorsofdatawith2-Dplottingfunctionsthatcreate:

（1）Line,area,bar,andpiecharts

（2）Directionandvelocityplots

（3）Histograms

（4）Polygonsandsurfaces

（5）Scatter/bubbleplots

（6）Animations

TheMATLABproductprovidesfunctionsforvisualizing2-Dmatrices,3-Dscalar,and3-Dvectordata.Youcanusethesefunctionstovisualizeandunderstandlarge,oftencomplex,multidimensionaldata.Youcanspecifyplotcharacteristics,suchascameraviewingangle,perspective,lightingeffect,lightsourcelocations,andtransparency.3-Dplottingfunctionsinclude:

Surface,contour,andmesh,Imageplots，Cone,slice,stream,andisosurface.

MATLABprovidesinteractivetoolsfordesigningandmodifyinggraphics.FromaMATLABfigurewindow,youcanperformthefollowingtasks:

（1）Draganddropnewdatasetsontothefigure

（2）Changethepropertiesofanyobjectonthefigure

（3）Zoom,rotate,pan,andchangecameraangleandlighting

（4）Addannotationsanddatatips

（5）Drawshapes

（6）Generateafunctionthatcanbereusedwithdifferentdata

MATLABletsyoureadandwritecommongraphicalanddatafileformats,suchasGIF,JPEG,BMP,EPS,TIFF,PNG,HDF,AVI,andPCX.Asaresult,youcanexportMATLABplotstootherapplications,suchasMicrosoftWordandMicrosoftPowerPoint,ortodesktoppublishingsoftware.Beforeexporting,youcancreateandapplystyletemplates,coveringcharacteristicssuchaslayout,font,andlinethickness,tomeetpublicationspecifications.

MATLABcontainsmathematical,statistical,andengineeringfunctionstosupportallcommonengineeringandscienceoperations.Thesefunctions,developedbyexpertsinmathematics,arethefoundationoftheMATLABlanguage.ThecoremathfunctionsusetheLAPACKandBLASlinearalgebrasubroutinelibrariesandtheFFTWDiscreteFourierTransformlibrary.Becausetheseprocessor-dependentlibrariesareoptimizedtothedifferentplatformsthatMATLABsupports,theyexecutefasterthantheequivalentCorC++code.

MATLABprovidesthefollowingtypesoffunctionsforperformingmathematicaloperationsandanalyzingdata:

（1）Matrixmanipulationandlinearalgebra

（2）Polynomialsandinterpolation

（3）Fourieranalysisandfiltering

（4）Dataanalysisandstatistics

（5）Optimizationandnumericalintegration

（6）Ordinarydifferentialequations（ODEs）

（7）Partialdifferentialequations（PDEs）

（8）Sparsematrixoperations

MATLABcanperformarithmeticonawiderangeofdatatypes,includingdoubles,singles,andintegers.

Add-ontoolboxes（availableseparately）providespecializedmathematicalcomputingfunctionsforareasincludingsignalprocessing,optimization,statistics,symbolicmath,partialdifferentialequationsolving,andcurvefitting.

MATLABprovidesanumberoffeaturesfordocumentingandsharingyourwork.YoucanintegrateyourMATLABcodewithotherlanguagesandapplicationsanddeployyourMATLABalgorithmsandapplicationsasstand-aloneprogramsorsoftwaremodules.

TheMATLABproductletsyouexportyourresultsasplotsorascompletereports.Youcanexportplotstoallpopulargraphicsfileformatsandthenimporttheplotsintootherpackages,suchasMicrosoftWordorMicrosoftPowerPoint.UsingtheMATLABEditor,youcanautomaticallypublishyourMATLABcodeinHTML,Word,LaTEX,andotherformats.

MATLABprovidesfunctionsforintegratingCandC++code,Fortrancode,COMobjects,andJavacodewithyourapplications.YoucancallDLLs,Javaclasses,andActiveXcontrols.UsingtheMATLABenginelibrary,youcanalsocallMATLABfromC,C++,orFortrancode.

YoucancreateyouralgorithminMATLABanddistributeittootherMATLABusersdirectlyasMATLABcode.UsingtheMATLABCompiler（availableseparately）,youcandeployyouralgorithm,asastand-aloneapplicationorasasoftwaremodulethatyouincludeinyourproject,touserswhodonothaveMATLAB.AdditionalproductsletyouconvertyouralgorithmintoasoftwaremodulethatiscallablefromCOMorMicrosoftExcel.

IntroductiontoSimulinkblockslibrary

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