高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 5 First aid练习 新人教版必修5.docx
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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit5Firstaid练习新人教版必修5
2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit5Firstaid练习新人教版必修5
一、阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分)
A
Sunstrokeisaconditionthatcanquicklygofromdangeroustodeadly,especiallyifpropercareisn’tgivenimmediately.
Sunstroke,sometimescalledheatstroke,isaresultofthebodytemperaturerisingabovesafelimits.Thiscausesthebody’snecessaryfunctionstostopworking.
It’susuallyprettyeasytoavoidsunstroke,aslongasproperactionistaken.Inthatcase,youneedtoactasquicklyaspossibletoreturnthatperson’sbodytoasafetemperature.Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.
Callforhelp
Calltogetanambulanceasquicklyaspossible.Thisshouldbethefirstthingyoudo,especiallyifthesunstrokepersonhasfainted(昏倒).Also,callforhelpfromanyonenearbyifyou’reinapublicplace.Ifthere’snoonearound,callsomeonenearbyiftheycangettheresoonerthananambulance.Askeveryonetobringyouasmuchwateraspossible,ifthereisn’tmuchnearby.
Getthepersontoacoolerarea
Ifthere’sabuildingnearby,aimforthat.Anywherewithplentyofairconditioningsandwaterisperfect.Ifabuildingisn’tavailable,bringthepersontoawellshadedarea.
Getthewaterflowing
Ifthepersonisstillconscious,gethimorhertodrinkwater.Ifthere’sabathtubavailable,fillitwithcoolwaterandputthepersoninit.
Ifyourwatersupplyislimited,youhavetosaveit.Dampenatowelorshirtandputitontheperson’sbody.Focusontheface,neck,andchest.
Fantheperson
Gettingmovingairoverthepersoncoolshimorherdown.Useanything,atowelorsheet,ashirt,yourhands,orapieceofboard.Thisiswherehavingmanypeoplearoundreallyhelps,astheycanbinetofantheentirebody.
(2015·河北邢台摸底考试)
1.Whendoesapersongetsunstroke?
A.Whenthebodydoesn’tfunction.
B.Whenpropercareisgivenimmediately.
C.Whensomeoneisexposedtothesuntoolong.
D.Whenthebodytemperaturegoesupbeyondwhatonecanbear.
2.Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?
A.Thefirstaidforsunstroke.
B.Thecauseofsunstroke.
C.Thechiefsymptomsofsunstroke.
D.Theessentialpreventionsofsunstroke.
3.Thepassageprobablyesfrom .
A.aguidebook
B.abookreview
C.amedicalmagazine
D.anofficialdocument
【文章大意】本文是篇说明文,介绍了中暑的危害及中暑后的一些急救措施。
1.D 细节理解题。
由第二段中的“Sunstroke,sometimescalledheatstroke,isaresultofthebodytemperaturerisingabovesafelimits.”可知,当人的体温超过所能承受的安全极限时,就会中暑,故选择D项。
2.A 主旨大意题。
文章首先介绍了何为中暑及中暑的危害,然后重点介绍了中暑后应该采取的急救措施。
由第三段中的“Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.”和下文的小标题可知A项正确。
3.C 推理判断题。
文章主要介绍了中暑后的一些急救措施,这些知识很可能出现在医学杂志上,应选C项。
B
In2009,DanBlackwashitbyacarinhishometownWales,ashewasbikingtohisjobatagrocerystore.Theaccidentlefthiminawheelchair.Onceapromisingguitarist,Dan,now25,liveswithhisparentsandrequiresaround-the-clockcarethatcostsnearly$300,000ayear.
AfterDan’sparalysis(瘫痪),afriendofhisstartedtheHelpDanBlackFundtohelpaffordhismedicalexpenses.DanlearnedaboutanexperimentalstemcelltreatmentinChinathatcouldpletelyrestorehisabilitytowalkandmove.Afterfouryears,donationstotheHelpDanBlackFundtotalednearly$30,000.
Oneday,inthesummerof2013,anewsstorycaughttheeyeofDan.Thestoryfeaturedalocalfive-year-oldboynamedBreconwhohadararediseaseandhadneverwalkedwithoutassistance.Theboy’sfamilyhadcreatedawebsite—theVaughanwebsitetocollectthe$100,000neededforatreatmentwhichcouldhelpBreconwalk.Onlyhalftheamounthadbeenraised,saidthereport.
Learningthattheboyneededmoneydesperatelyfortreatmentandconsideringthathisowndreamofwalkingcouldbeyearsaway,Dangaveupallhis$30,000toBrecon.Dan’sgenerosityreceivedagreatdealofattention,andcontributionsstartedpouringin.Thefamilysoonachievedalotmorethantheirfund-raisinggoal.InOctober,BreconandhisfamilytraveledtoSt.Louisforthetreatment.
“Dansacrificedhisownchancesofhavinganormallifeinthehopesthatourlittleboycanhaveone,”Brecon’smothersaid,“HeisthemostgenerousmanI’veeverseen.”
1.WhathappenedtoDanBlackin2009?
A.Hehadaquarrelwithacardriver.
B.Hewasleftparalyzedbyacyclingaccident.
C.Hepromisedtoworkasaguitarist.
D.Hewentforaninterviewatagrocerystore.
2.Whatwasthemoneyraisedoverthelastfouryearsusedfor?
A.PayingforanoperationthatcouldenableDantowalkagain.
B.PayingforDan’sschoolfeeswhilehewasinChina.
C.HelpingtopayallthedebtsDan’sfamilyowed.
D.HelpingoutwithDan’salllivingexpenses.
3.WhydidDandecidetogivehisdonationstoBrecon?
A.BecauseDan’sdreamofwalkingwashopeless.
B.BecauseBreconreceivedmoreattentionthanDan.
C.BecauseBrecon’sfamilybeggedDantodoso.
D.BecausehethoughtBreconhadabetterchanceofwalking.
4.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Aspecialfund-raisinggoal
B.Anexpensivetreatment
C.Aselflesssponsor
D.Afortunateboy
【文章大意】本文是记叙文,讲述了一个病人救助另一个病人的故事。
一位因车祸瘫痪、靠轮椅代步的青年人,将四年来募捐到的给自己治病的3万美元捐献给了一位急需做手术的5岁残疾男孩,此举动使男孩的父母倍受感动。
1.B 细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“Theaccidentlefthiminawheelchair.”和第二段开头部分可知,丹·布莱克于2009年遭遇车祸瘫痪,故选择B项。
2.A 推理判断题。
由第二段前两句“...tohelpaffordhismedicalexpenses.DanlearnedaboutanexperimentalstemcelltreatmentinChina...”可知,丹的一位朋友创立了“帮助丹·布莱克基金”筹资项目,帮助他支付医疗费用。
而中国的一种手术,能够使他得到康复。
可见,这笔资金就是为这次手术筹集的,应选择A项。
3.D 细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句“Learningthattheboyneededmoneydesperatelyfortreatmentandconsideringthathisowndreamofwalkingcouldbeyearsaway,Dangaveupallhis$30,000toBrecon.”可知,丹把自己的筹资捐献给了布莱肯,因为布莱肯恢复行走能力的可能性更大,D项符合文意。
4.C 标题归纳题。
本文讲述的是丹·布莱克慷慨捐出为自己筹集的3万美元帮助5岁男孩治病的故事,文中的generosity和generous表明了他无私的优秀品质,应选择C项。
二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Itwasaverycoldwintereveningwhenafriendofminegotseriously1. (injure)andwasrushedtoWestchesterMedicalCenter,2. shestayedunconsciousforquiteawhile.Finallyshewasawake.AfriendandIdecidedtovisither,soweboughtsomeflowersandwere3. ourway.Afterquicklyparkingthecarand4. (sign)in,wereachedherroom,butonlyafewminuteswerecountedwithher.Prettysoonafterour5.
(arrive),wewereaskedtoleavebythenurses.Weheadedouttothecar.Littledidweknowthatwehad6. (pay)forparking.Wehadnomoneyasidefromasparedollarortwoleftfromourlunchmoneythatday.Wehadnoideawhattodo.
Averysweet-heartedwoman7. (clear)herthroat,saying“Excuseme”inordertocatchmyattention.Shehandedme8. $20bill.IinsistedthatsheshouldgivemehernameandaddressandIwill9. (certain)payherback.Sherefused.Ithankedherforhergenerosityandtoldherhow10.
itwasappreciated.Sheturnedtomeandrepliedwithonesentence,“Thankyou—beingabletohelpyoumakesmehappy,too.”HerwordsweresounusualthatIwasverysurprisedtohearthat.
(2015·河南洛阳三模)
1.injured。
get为系动词,应用形容词injured作表语。
2.where。
WestchesterMedicalCenter为先行词,定语从句中缺少状语,故用where引导定语从句。
3.on。
固定搭配onone’sway“在(去某地的)路上”。
4.signing。
此处after为介词,其后应接动名词。
signin在此为“登记”之意。
5.arrival。
所填词前有our修饰,应用名词arrival。
6.topay。
此处表示“必须支付停车费”。
havetodo“不得不”,是固定搭配。
7.cleared。
本文讲述的是发生过的事,应用一般过去时,故填过去式cleared。
clearone’sthroat“清喉咙,清嗓子”。
8.a。
此处用不定冠词a表示数量“一”。
9.certainly。
此处应用副词certainly修饰动词pay。
10.much。
句意:
对她的慷慨大方我表示了感谢,并对她说她的行为是多么让我感激。
此处用much修饰appreciated,强调程度之深。
PartB
一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
Therewasarichmanwhowasselectingahusbandforhisonlydaughteramongalargenumberofpursuers(追求者).Theman 1 allthepursuerstoariverand 2 thecrocodiles,saying,“Anyonewhocan 3 acrosstheriversafeandsoundwill 4 mydaughter.”Thosepursuerslookedateachotherandnoonedaretakethelead.Atthatmoment,aman 5 intotheriverbravelyandswamata(n) 6 speedtotheotherside.Allthepeopleapplaudedforhis 7 withgreatsenseofadmiration.Nevertheless,theman,afterlandingonthebank,shouted 8 ,“Whopushedmeintotheriverjustnow?
”
Maybetheman, 9 thinkingofthewholeprocessandthegood 10 heisgoingtoobtain,willfeel 11 totheonewhopushedhimintotheriver.Itisfairlymonthatdisadvantageswillturninto 12 andmisfortunesintofortunes!
Butmanyofuscannotmanagetorealizethe 13 ofouropponenttoour 14 .Generallyspeaking,manypeoplewillseetheonewhopusheshimintotheriverasa(n) 15 .However,itistheonewhopushesyouintotheriver 16 makesyoufeelthesenseofcrisisand 17 yourambitionanddesiretostruggle!
Youwilldeterminetosmoothawayall 18 andprogresstoanotherstageofyourlife!
Duetoouropponent,wecanrealizeourfull 19 .Duetoouropponent,wewill 20 promoteourabilitieswhenpetingwiththem!
1.A.orderedB.introduced
C.ledD.forced
2.A.aimedatB.pointedto
C.shotatD.stuckto
3.A.swimB.row
C.floatD.skate
4.A.loveB.greet
C.acpanyD.marry
5.A.divedB.stepped
C.droppedD.walked
6.A.amazingB.relaxing
C.steadyD.ordinary
7.A.dreamB.calmness
C.courageD.patience
8.A.happilyB.angrily
C.cautiouslyD.nervously
9.A.sinceB.without
C.beforeD.after
10.A.conditionB.consequence
C.situationD.experience
11.A.rudeB.grateful
C.familiarD.cruel
12.A.advantagesB.adventures
C.challengesD.assignments
13.A.burdenB.security
C.independenceD.significance
14.A.peaceB.emotion
C.successD.fort
15.A.friendB.crocodile
C.opponentD.pursuer
16.A.whomB.what
C.whichD.that
17.A.decreaseB.devote
C.stimulatesD.envy
18.A.doubtB.difficulty
C.beliefD.fault
19.A.potentialB.anxiety
C.presenceD.practice
20.A.occasionallyB.hardly
C.presentlyD.continuously
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
文章论述了对手对于我们取得成功的重要性:
有了对手,我们就能充分发挥自己的潜能;有了对手,我们才能在与对手的比拼中不断地提升自己的能力。
1.C 这个富人将求婚的男子们带到一条河边。
C项“带路,引领”符合语境。
2.B (这位富人)指着河中的鳄鱼说,“如果有人能够安全地游到对岸,我就把女儿嫁给他。
”aimat“瞄准”;pointto“指向”;shootat“射击”;stickto“坚持”。