公共英语三级英语教材.docx

公共英语三级英语教材.docx

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公共英语三级英语教材

公共英语三级英语教材

　lesson1

KipKeino

　　KipchogeKeinoisamodestman，andittakesproddingtogetthegreatKenyanrunnertorecallhowhefeltonOct，20，1968—whenhewonhisfirstgoldmedal，inthe1,500metersinMexicoCity.Thedayhadn'tstartedoutwell，Keinowassufferingfromstomachpainsthatlaterturnedouttobeaseveregallbladderinfection.Hisdoctorsadvisedagainstrunning；heignoredthem.Duringtherace，KeinowassofocusedoncompetingagainstAmericanaceJimRyunthat，inretrospect，“Withoutwatchingavideo,Iwouldn'tknowwhathappenedatthefinish.”Hedoesrememberwhathappenednext.“Irananhonorlap.Iranittocelebrateandtoletmybodyrecover.Ifeltovercomebytheexcitement.”Itwasnottheonlymemorableeventinhislifethatday.Backhome,hiswife,Phyllis,gavebirthtotheirthirddaughter,namedMilkaOlympiaChelagatincelebrationofherfather'svictory.

　　Keinowentontowinasilvermedalinthe5,000metersinMexicoCityandagoldandasilverfouryearslaterinMunich.HethenbecameKenya'sOlympicrunningcoachfrom1976to1986,furtheringhisnation'sdominanceindistanceevents.Kenyanrunnershavecaptured32Olympictrackmedalssince1964andwonthelastsixconsecutiveBostonMarathons.Thissummer,KeinowillbeinAtlantaaschiefofthe120-athleteKenyandelegation,whichcouldincludehissonMartin,23,aformerNCAA5,000-meterchampionatthe1,5000meters.

　　ButKeio'sathleticaccomplishmentsarenottheonlyreasonheisaherointhetownofEldoretinnorthwesternKenya.Thirtyyearsago,Keinoandhiswife—whonowhavesevenchildrenoftheirown—begantakingorphansintotheirhome.TheirhousebecamesocrowdedthattheyraisedfundstobuildadormitoryandadininghallonanearbyfarmKeinoowns.Incometosupportthefacilitycomesfromthefarm,hissportsshopandfeeshehasreceivedfromtheKenyangovernmentovertheyears.Today,73childrenandyoungadults—aged2to22—liveonthefarm.“IthinkIhavebeenlucky,”Keinosays.“NowwhatisimportantishowIusewhatIhavetohelpothers.”

　　Lesson1?

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KipKeino

　　克普乔格·凯诺是一个很谦虚的人，要使这位伟大的肯尼亚长跑运动员回想起他在1968年10月20日那一天的感受不是一件很容易的事情——（当天他）在墨西哥城参加1500米长跑比赛中赢得了一生中的第一枚金牌。

那天天未亮，凯诺忍受着剧烈的胃痛，后来证实他患了严重的胆囊炎。

（鉴于这种特殊情况）他的保健医生们都反对他参加长跑，然而他却不予理会。

在赛跑中，凯诺集中精力，全力以赴与美国长跑能手吉木姆·润恩竞赛，后来他回忆说，“如果没有看实况录像，我都不知道比赛的最后时刻发生了什么事情。

”但他确实记得下面的事情，“为了庆祝胜利并恢复体力，我光荣地跑了一圈，兴奋得精疲力竭。

”那天，这不是唯一值得他纪念的事情，回到家，妻子菲利生了一个女儿，为了纪念他的胜利，就给她取名为米尔卡·奥林匹克·克拉哥特。

　　接着，凯诺在墨西哥城举行的5000米长跑比赛中赢得一枚银牌，而四年后在慕尼黑的比赛中又赢得一枚金牌和一枚银牌。

1976到1986年，他成为肯尼亚奥运长跑教练，使得肯尼亚继续在长跑比赛中保持绝对的优势地位。

自1964年以来，肯尼亚长跑运动员已经获得32枚奥运田径奖牌，而且在波士顿马拉松比赛中赢得了六连冠。

今年夏天，凯诺将以120名肯尼亚运动员代表团团长的身份去亚特兰大，代表团中包括他的儿子马丁。

马丁，23岁，亚利桑那州大学的全美大学生运动会5000米前冠军，有希望在1500米长跑比赛中获胜。

　　但是，凯诺的运动成就不是他成为肯尼亚西北方埃尔多雷特市镇英雄的唯一理由。

30年前，凯诺和他的妻子开始收养孤儿，现在她已经是七个孩子的母亲。

他们的房子变得如此拥挤，以致它们在凯诺自己的农场附近集资建造了宿舍和餐厅。

维持这些设施的经费来自他的农场、体育用品商店以及多年从肯尼亚政府获得的酬金。

今天，仍有2到22岁不同年龄段的73个孩子和年轻的成年人继续生活在农场。

“我想我是幸运的”，凯诺这样说道，“现在重要的是如何用我所拥有的去帮助其他人。

”

Lesson2

AGiftofNewLife

　　Firstcameaboyweighing3pounds14ounces:

RobertJaredScrews.AfterRobertJaredcamehisthreesisters:

BrianniaRae,3pounds1ounce;BrinkleyFaye,3pounds13ounces;andBuckleyLenay,4pounds2ounces.Allweretiny,buttheywerestrong,healthybabies.Inthehallwayoutsidetheoperatingroom,friendsandrelativesweptandcheeredasthequadwheeledthemby,onebyone,intheirincubators.

　　Thebabiesstayedinthehospitalaboutamonth.Keithwenttheretoo,formorechemotherapy,andthenursestookoneortwobabiesatatimetohisroomforavisit.Thatseemedtohelphimmorethanthemedication.

　　Thencameawonderfulsurprise.Whenwewerereadytogohome,welearnedthataphysicians'fundhadprovidedabrand-newvanforus,completewithfourinfantcarseats.Keithwaswaitingforusathone,frailmowandinconstantpain,butalsoveryhappy.

　　ThewholecommunityofSwainsboroandsurroundingtownsunitedintryingtohelpus.Countlesswomenofferedtobaby-sit.MembersofKeith'shighschoolclassprepareddinnersforustwiceaweek.Allsortsoffund-raisingeventswereorganized.AKrogerstoreonWilmingtonIslandnearSavannahdonatedayear'ssupplyofdiapersandotherbabyneeds.Thathelped,becausethequadsrequired40to50diapersaday!

　　AmannamedRickyStevenscametomeasureourfarmhouseforcentralair-conditioning,butwentawayconcernedthatthehousewastoosmallforsixpeople.Thatnighthecouldnotsleep.Heconsultedafriendinrealestate,KenWarnock,andthetwooftheminvitedagroupofSwainsborobusinessmentolunch.BythetimeLunchwasover,theyhadenoughpledgestobeginbuildinganewhouse.

　　Therewasasiteonourlandwithaviewofthepastureandgrazingcattle.Ournewhousewouldbebuiltthere,aspacioushomewithfivebedrooms-amasterbedroomandoneforeachofthequads.

　　AsspringcametoGeorgia,Keith'shealthcontinuedtodecline.Still,hetookgreatdelightinhisfourbabies.Inthemorningshewouldholdthemandplaywiththemandhelpfeedthem.Hegottobegoodathandlingtwobottlesatatime.Beforewelefthomeforachemo-treatmentordoctor'sappointmentKeithwouldspendtimealonewitheachbaby.

　　Laterinthespringanotheroperationwasnecessary,andcomplicationsfollowed.ItbecamedifficultforKeithtotalkorbreathe,andatlastconsciousness.Hisfinalwordstomewere,“Iloveyou.”Thedoctorsputhimonarespirator,buttheysaiditwasonlyasmatterofhours.Isatbesidehimholdinghishandandwhispering,“Beatpeace.Beatpeace.”Andfinally,onJune11,peacedidcome.Hewas32yearsold.

　　Lifewenton.Groundwasbrokenforthenewhouseonablue-and-golddayinDecember.Thequadswereoldenoughtostand,andeachwasoldenoughtostand,andeachwasgivenalittlegildedshoveltomarktheoccasion.Manyfriendsandneighborswerethere,andthemayorofSwainsboroputourfeelingsintowords:

“Wehopethatwhenthesebabiesaregrown,theywilllookatthishouseandunderstandhowmuchtheirfatherwasrespectedandadmiredbyeveryonewhoknewhim.”

　　Ihavegonebacktoteaching.DevotedfriendsandrelativesandfullyqualifiedhelperstakegoodcareofthequadswhileIamaway.WithoutKeith'sillnessweneverwouldhaverecognizedtheamazinggoodnessthatliesinpeople.Theoutpouringofloveandcompassionandcaringthathassurroundedusisalmostbeyondbelief.Onelifewastakenawayfromme,butfourotherlivesweregiventometosustainandtocomfortme.FacingdeathwithKeithmademerealizehowpreciouslifeis.Icherishitandamgratefulforiteverysingleday.

　lesson3

TheCauseoftheElNinoPhenomenon

　　ElNinoistheSpanishnameforthebabyJesus.Thephenomenonisso-calledbecausewarmwatermovingacrossthePacifictraditionallyreachesSouthAmericaaroundChristmas.ScientistshavenowappliedthetermElNinotothemajorwarmingepisodesoverlargeSouthAmericancoastalareasandwesternlyalongtheequatorandtheDatelinearea.ScientistsnotedtheElNinohasareturnperiodoffourtofiveyearsandlastsbetween12—18months.

　　Inthelate1960s,itbecameapparentthattheyear-to-yearvariationsintheseasurfacetemperatureandconsequentlyElNinoevents,werecloselylinkedtotheSouthernOscillation,arelationshipbetweenatmosphericpressureoverthesoutheasternPacificandIndianOcean.WhenpressureishighinthePacificOcean,ittendstobelowintheIndianOceanfromAfricatoAustralia.Theseconditionsareassociatedwithlowtemperaturesinboththeseareasandrainfallvariesinthedirectionoppositethepressure.Thus,thecombinationofElNinoandSouthernOscillation（ENSO）isthelinkageatmosphericandoceaniceventsandinvolveschangesincirculationsoftheatmosphereandoceansacrossthePacificBasin.ThestrongestElNinothiscenturyoccurredin1982—1983andresultedindroughtsanddisastrousforestfiresinIndonesiaandAustralia,wreakingeconomicdamageofatleastUS$8billion.

　　AmajorwarmingoftheoceanwatersacrosstheeasternandcentraltropicalPacificOcean,knownasENSO,hasdevelopedsinceMarch1997.TheElNinodevelopedveryrapidlyduringApril—May,andreachedstrongintensitybyJune.Thiseventiscurrentlycomparableinmagnitudeandextenttothe1982/1983episode.

lesson4

OurChangingDiet

　　WhatdomostAmericansandCanadiansusuallyeat?

ManypeoplethinkthatthetypicalNorthAmericandietconsistsoffastfood-hamburgers,hotdogs,Frenchfries,pizza,friedchicken,andsoon.TheythinkAmericansandCanadiansalsoeatalotofconveniencefoods,usuallyfrozenorcaned,andjunkfood-candy,cookies,potatochips,andotherthingswithoutmuchnutritionalvalue.Unfortunately,thisdescriptionismottotallyinaccurate.TheAmericandietisgenerallyhighinsugar,salt,fat,andcholesterol,andthesesubstancescancausehealthproblems.

　　However,somepeople'seatinghabitsarechanging.Theyarebecomingmoreinterestedingoodhealth,andnutritionisanimportantpartofhealth.NorthAmericansareeatinglessredmeatandfewereggs,andtheyareeatingmorechickenandfish.Chickenandfishcontainlessfatthanmeatandeggs.Manypeoplearealsobuyingmorefreshvegetablesandeatingthemraworcookedquicklyinverylittlewaterinordertokeepthevitamins.

　　Restaurantmenusarealsochangingtoreflectpeople'sgrowingconcernwithgoodnutrition.The“typical”NorthAmericandietnowincludesfoodfrommanydifferentcountries.MoreethnicrestaurantsareopeninginbigcitiesintheUnitedStatesandCanada.FoodsfromChina,Japan,Korea,Thailand,IndiaandtheMiddleEastareverypopular.Evenfast-foodplacesnowoffer“lean”（low-fat）hamburgers,broiledorroasted（insteadoffried）chicken,andsaladbarswithawidevarietyoffre