公共英语三级英语教材.docx

1、公共英语三级英语教材公共英语三级英语教材lesson 1Kip KeinoKipchoge Keino is a modest man，and it takes prodding to get the great Kenyan runner to recall how he felt on Oct ，20，1968 when he won his first gold medal，in the 1,500 meters in Mexico City.The day hadnt started out well，Keino was suffering from stomach pains tha

2、t later turned out to be a severe gallbladder infection. His doctors advised against running；he ignored them.During the race，Keino was so focused on competing against American ace Jim Ryun that，in retrospect，“Without watching a video, I wouldnt know what happened at the finish.” He does remember wha

3、t happened next. “I ran an honor lap. I ran it to celebrate and to let my body recover. I felt overcome by the excitement.” It was not the only memorable event in his life that day. Back home, his wife, Phyllis, gave birth to their third daughter, named Milka Olympia Chelagat in celebration of her f

4、athers victory.Keino went on to win a silver medal in the 5,000 meters in Mexico City and a gold and a silver four years later in Munich. He then became Kenyas Olympic running coach from 1976 to 1986, furthering his nations dominance in distance events. Kenyan runners have captured 32 Olympic track

5、medals since 1964 and won the last six consecutive Boston Marathons. This summer, Keino will be in Atlanta as chief of the 120-athlete Kenyan delegation, which could include his son Martin, 23, a former NCAA 5,000-meter champion at the 1,5000 meters.But Keios athletic accomplishments are not the onl

6、y reason he is a hero in the town of Eldoret in northwestern Kenya. Thirty years ago, Keino and his wifewho now have seven children of their ownbegan taking orphans into their home. Their house became so crowded that they raised funds to build a dormitory and a dining hall on a nearby farm Keino own

7、s. Income to support the facility comes from the farm, his sports shop and fees he has received from the Kenyan government over the years. Today, 73 children and young adultsaged 2 to 22live on the farm. “I think I have been lucky,” Keino says. “Now what is important is how I use what I have to help

8、 others.”Lesson 1? Kip Keino克普乔格凯诺是一个很谦虚的人，要使这位伟大的肯尼亚长跑运动员回想起他在1968年10月20日那一天的感受不是一件很容易的事情（当天他）在墨西哥城参加1500米长跑比赛中赢得了一生中的第一枚金牌。那天天未亮，凯诺忍受着剧烈的胃痛，后来证实他患了严重的胆囊炎。（鉴于这种特殊情况）他的保健医生们都反对他参加长跑，然而他却不予理会。在赛跑中，凯诺集中精力，全力以赴与美国长跑能手吉木姆润恩竞赛，后来他回忆说，“如果没有看实况录像，我都不知道比赛的最后时刻发生了什么事情。”但他确实记得下面的事情，“为了庆祝胜利并恢复体力，我光荣地跑了一圈，兴奋得精疲

9、力竭。”那天，这不是唯一值得他纪念的事情，回到家，妻子菲利生了一个女儿，为了纪念他的胜利，就给她取名为米尔卡奥林匹克克拉哥特。接着，凯诺在墨西哥城举行的5000米长跑比赛中赢得一枚银牌，而四年后在慕尼黑的比赛中又赢得一枚金牌和一枚银牌。1976到1986年，他成为肯尼亚奥运长跑教练，使得肯尼亚继续在长跑比赛中保持绝对的优势地位。自1964年以来，肯尼亚长跑运动员已经获得32枚奥运田径奖牌，而且在波士顿马拉松比赛中赢得了六连冠。今年夏天，凯诺将以120名肯尼亚运动员代表团团长的身份去亚特兰大，代表团中包括他的儿子马丁。马丁，23岁，亚利桑那州大学的全美大学生运动会5000米前冠军，有希望在150

10、0米长跑比赛中获胜。但是，凯诺的运动成就不是他成为肯尼亚西北方埃尔多雷特市镇英雄的唯一理由。30年前，凯诺和他的妻子开始收养孤儿，现在她已经是七个孩子的母亲。他们的房子变得如此拥挤，以致它们在凯诺自己的农场附近集资建造了宿舍和餐厅。维持这些设施的经费来自他的农场、体育用品商店以及多年从肯尼亚政府获得的酬金。今天，仍有2到22岁不同年龄段的73个孩子和年轻的成年人继续生活在农场。“我想我是幸运的”，凯诺这样说道，“现在重要的是如何用我所拥有的去帮助其他人。”Lesson 2A Gift of New LifeFirst came a boy weighing 3 pounds 14 ounces

11、: Robert Jared Screws. After Robert Jared came his three sisters: Briannia Rae, 3 pounds 1 ounce; Brinkley Faye, 3 pounds 13 ounces; and Buckley Lenay, 4 pounds 2 ounces. All were tiny, but they were strong, healthy babies. In the hallway outside the operating room, friends and relatives wept and ch

12、eered as the quad wheeled them by, one by one, in their incubators.The babies stayed in the hospital about a month. Keith went there too, for more chemotherapy, and the nurses took one or two babies at a time to his room for a visit. That seemed to help him more than the medication.Then came a wonde

13、rful surprise. When we were ready to go home, we learned that a physicians fund had provided a brand-new van for us, complete with four infant car seats. Keith was waiting for us at hone, frail mow and in constant pain, but also very happy.The whole community of Swainsboro and surrounding towns unit

14、ed in trying to help us. Countless women offered to baby-sit. Members of Keiths high school class prepared dinners for us twice a week. All sorts of fund-raising events were organized. A Kroger store on Wilmington Island near Savannah donated a years supply of diapers and other baby needs. That help

15、ed, because the quads required 40 to 50 diapers a day!A man named Ricky Stevens came to measure our farmhouse for central air-conditioning, but went away concerned that the house was too small for six people. That night he could not sleep. He consulted a friend in real estate, Ken Warnock, and the t

16、wo of them invited a group of Swainsboro businessmen to lunch. By the time Lunch was over, they had enough pledges to begin building a new house.There was a site on our land with a view of the pasture and grazing cattle. Our new house would be built there, a spacious home with five bedrooms-a master

17、 bedroom and one for each of the quads.As spring came to Georgia, Keiths health continued to decline. Still, he took great delight in his four babies. In the mornings he would hold them and play with them and help feed them. He got to be good at handling two bottles at a time. Before we left home fo

18、r a chemo-treatment or doctors appointment Keith would spend time alone with each baby.Later in the spring another operation was necessary, and complications followed. It became difficult for Keith to talk or breathe, and at last consciousness. His final words to me were,“I love you.”The doctors put

19、 him on a respirator, but they said it was only as matter of hours. I sat beside him holding his hand and whispering,“Be at peace. Be at peace.”And finally, on June 11, peace did come. He was 32 years old.Life went on. Ground was broken for the new house on a blue-and-gold day in December. The quads

20、 were old enough to stand, and each was old enough to stand, and each was given a little gilded shovel to mark the occasion. Many friends and neighbors were there, and the mayor of Swainsboro put our feelings into words:“We hope that when these babies are grown, they will look at this house and unde

21、rstand how much their father was respected and admired by everyone who knew him.”I have gone back to teaching. Devoted friends and relatives and fully qualified helpers take good care of the quads while I am away. Without Keiths illness we never would have recognized the amazing goodness that lies i

22、n people. The outpouring of love and compassion and caring that has surrounded us is almost beyond belief. One life was taken away from me, but four other lives were given to me to sustain and to comfort me. Facing death with Keith made me realize how precious life is. I cherish it and am grateful f

23、or it every single day.lesson 3The Cause of the El Nino PhenomenonEl Nino is the Spanish name for the baby Jesus. The phenomenon is so-called because warm water moving across the Pacific traditionally reaches South America around Christmas. Scientists have now applied the term El Nino to the major w

24、arming episodes over large South American coastal areas and westernly along the equator and the Dateline area. Scientists noted the El Nino has a return period of four to five years and lasts between 1218 months.In the late 1960s, it became apparent that the year-to-year variations in the sea surfac

25、e temperature and consequently El Nino events, were closely linked to the Southern Oscillation, a relationship between atmospheric pressure over the southeastern Pacific and Indian Ocean. When pressure is high in the Pacific Ocean, it tends to be low in the Indian Ocean from Africa to Australia. The

26、se conditions are associated with low temperatures in both these areas and rainfall varies in the direction opposite the pressure.Thus, the combination of El Nino and Southern Oscillation （ENSO） is the linkage atmospheric and oceanic events and involves changes in circulations of the atmosphere and

27、oceans across the Pacific Basin. The strongest El Nino this century occurred in 19821983 and resulted in droughts and disastrous forest fires in Indonesia and Australia, wreaking economic damage of at least US $8 billion.A major warming of the ocean waters across the eastern and central tropical Pac

28、ific Ocean, known as ENSO, has developed since March 1997. The El Nino developed very rapidly during AprilMay, and reached strong intensity by June. This event is currently comparable in magnitude and extent to the 1982/1983 episode.lesson 4Our Changing DietWhat do most Americans and Canadians usual

29、ly eat? Many people think that the typical North American diet consists of fast food-hamburgers, hot dogs, French fries, pizza, fried chicken, and so on. They think Americans and Canadians also eat a lot of convenience foods, usually frozen or caned, and junk food-candy, cookies, potato chips, and o

30、ther things without much nutritional value. Unfortunately, this description is mot totally inaccurate. The American diet is generally high in sugar, salt, fat, and cholesterol, and these substances can cause health problems.However, some peoples eating habits are changing. They are becoming more int

31、erested in good health, and nutrition is an important part of health. North Americans are eating less red meat and fewer eggs, and they are eating more chicken and fish. Chicken and fish contain less fat than meat and eggs. Many people are also buying more fresh vegetables and eating them raw or coo

32、ked quickly in very little water in order to keep the vitamins.Restaurant menus are also changing to reflect peoples growing concern with good nutrition. The “typical” North American diet now includes food from many different countries. More ethnic restaurants are opening in big cities in the United States and Canada. Foods from China, Japan, Korea, Thailand, India and the Middle East are very popular. Even fast-food places now offer “lean” （low-fat） hamburgers, broiled or roasted （instead of fried） chicken, and salad bars with a wide variety of fre