英语考研真题答案.docx

英语考研真题答案.docx

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英语考研真题答案英语考研真题答案2009英语考研真题答案2009英语考研真题答案【篇一：

2005-2009年考研英语真题、答案及详解精编版】class=txtsectioniuseofenglishdirections:

readthefollowingtext.choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarka,b,cordonanswersheet1.（10points）researchonanimalintelligencealwaysmakesmewonderjusthowsmarthumansare.thefruit-flyexperimentsdescribedincarlzimmerspieceinthesciencetimesontuesday.fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitflytoliveshorterlives.thissuggeststhatbulbsburnlonger,thatthereisaninnotbeingtooterrificallybright.intelligence,itout,isahigh-pricedoption.ittakesmoreupkeep,burnsmorefuelandisslowthestartinglinebecauseitdependsonlearningagradualinsteadofinstinct.plentyofotherspeciesareabletolearn,andoneofthethingstheyveapparentlylearnediswhentoisthereanadaptivevaluetointelligence?

thatsthequestionbehindthisnewresearch.ilikeit.insteadofcastingawistfulglanceatallthespeciesweveleftinthedusti.q.-wise,itimplicitlyaskswhattherealofourownintelligencemightbe.thisisthemindofeveryanimaliveevermet.researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperimentsanimalswouldonhumansiftheyhadthechance.everycatwithanowner,small-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.webelievethatanimalsranthelabs,theywouldtestustothelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforterrain.theywouldtrytodecidewhatintelligenceinhumansisreallyofitthereis.question:

arehumansactuallyawareoftheworldtheylivein?

theresultsareinconclusive.1.asupposebconsidercobservedimagine2.atendedbfearedchappeneddthreatened3.athinnerbstablerclighterddimmer4.atendencybadvantagecinclinationdpriority5.ainsistsonbsumsupcturnsoutdputsforward6.aoffbbehindcoverdalong7.aincrediblebspontaneouscinevitabledgradual8.afightbdoubtcstopdthink19.ainvisibleblimitedcindefiniteddifferent10.aupwardbforwardcafterwarddbackward11.afeaturesbinfluencescresultsdcosts12.aoutsideboncbydacross13.adeliverbcarrycperformdapply14.abychancebincontrastcasusualdforinstance15.aifbunlesscasdlest16.amoderatebovercomecdeterminedreach17.aatbforcafterdwith18.aaboveallbafterallchoweverdotherwise19.afundamentalbcomprehensivecequivalentdhostile20.abyaccidentbintimecsofardbetterstillsectioniireadingcomprehensionpartadirections:

readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosinga,b,cord.markyouranswersonanswersheet1.（40points）text1habitsareafunnything.wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine.notchoice,buthabitrulestheueflectingherd,williamwordsworthsaidinthe19thcentury.intheever-changing21stcentury,eventhewordhabitcarriesanegativeconnotation.soitseemsantitheticaltotalkabouthabitsinthesamecontextascreativityandinnovation.butbrainresearchershavediscoveredthatwhenweconsciouslydevelopnewhabits,wecreateparallelsynapticpaths,andevenentirelynewbraincells,thatcanjumpourtrainsofthoughtontonew,innovativetracks.butdontbothertryingtokilloffoldhabits;oncethosethehippocampus,theyretheretostay.instead,thenewhabitswedeliberatelyingrainintoourselvescreateparallelpathwaysthatcanbypassthoseoldroads.thefirstthingneededforinnovationisafascinationwithwonder,saysdawnamarkova,authoroftheopenmindandanexecutivechangeconsultantforprofessionalthinkingpartners.butwearetaughtinsteadto?

decide,justasourpresidentcallshimself?

thedecider.sheadds,however,thattodecideistokilloffallpossibilitiesbutone.agoodinnovationalthinkerisalwaysexploringthemanyotherpossibilities.allofusworkthroughproblemsinwaysofwhichwereunaware,shesays.researchersinthelate1960coveredthathumansarebornwiththecapacitytoapproachchallengesinfourprimaryways:

analytically,procedurally,relationally（orcollaboratively）andinnovatively.atpuberty,however,thebrainshutsdownhalfofthatcapacity,preservingonlythosemodesofthoughtthathaveseemedmostvaluableduringthefirstdecadeorsooflife.thecurrentemphasisonstandardizedtestinghighlightsanalysisandprocedure,meaningthatfewofusinherentlyuseourinnovativeandcollaborativemodesofthought.thisbreaksthemajorruleintheamericanbeliefsystemthatanyonecandoanything,explainsm.j.ryan,authorofthe2006bookthisyeariwill.andms.markovasbusinesspartner.thatsaliethatwehaveperpetuated,anditfosterscommonness.knowingwhatyouregoodatanddoingevenmoreofitcreatesexcellence.thisiswheredevelopingnewhabitscomesin.21.theviewofwordsworthhabitisclaimedbybeingacasualbfamiliarcmechanicaldchangeable.22.theresearchershavediscoveredthattheformationofhabitcanbeapredictedbregulatedctraceddguided23.“ruts（inlineone,paragraph3）hasclosestmeaningtoatracksbseriesccharacteristicsdconnections24.ms.markovascommentssuggestthatthepracticeofstandardtestingapreventsnewhabitsformbeingformedbnolongeremphasizescommonnesscmaintainstheinherentamericanthinkingmodeldcomplieswiththeamericanbeliefsystem25.ryanmostprobablyagreethataideasarebornofarelaxingmindbinnovativenesscouldbetaughtcdecisivenessderivesfromfantasticideasdcuriosityactivatescreativemindstext2itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild,buttodayamancanboosthispaternal（fatherly）wisdomoratleastconfirmthathesthekidsdad.allheneedstodoisshellour$30forpaternitytestingkit（ptk）athislocaldrugstoreandanother$120togetthe2results.morethan60,000peoplehavepurchasedtheptkssincetheyfirstbecomeavailablewithoutprescriptionslastyears,accordingtodougfog,chiefoperatingofficerofidentigene,whichmakestheover-the-counterkits.morethantwodozencompaniesselldnatestsdirectlytothepublic,ranginginpricefromafewhundreddollarstomorethan$2500.amongthemostpopular:

paternityandkinshiptesting,whichadoptedchildrencanusetofindtheirbiologicalrelativesandlatestrageamanypassionategenealogists-andsupportsbusinessesthatoffertosearchforafamilysgeographicroots.mosttestsrequirecollectingcellsbywebbingsalivainthemouthandsendingittothecompanyfortesting.alltestsrequireapotentialcandidatewithwhomtocomparedna.butsomeobserversareskeptical,thereisakindoffalseprecisionbeinghawkedbypeopleclaimingtheyaredoingancestrytesting,saystreyduster,anewyorkuniversitysociologist.henotesthateachindividualhasmanyancestors-numberinginthehundredsjustafewcenturiesback.yetmostancestrytestingonlyconsidersasinglelineage,eithertheychromosomeinheritedthroughmeninafatherslineormitochondrialdna,whichapasseddownonlyfrommothers.thisdnacanrevealgeneticinformationaboutonlyoneortwoancestors,eventhough,forexample,justthreegenerationsbackpeoplealsohavesixothergreat-grandparentsor,fourgenerationsback,14othergreat-great-grandparents.criticsalsoarguethatcommercialgenetictestingisonlyasgoodasthereferencecollectionstowhichasampleiscompared.databasesusedbysomecompaniesdontrelyondatacollectedsystematicallybutratherlumptogetherinformationfromdifferentresearchprojects.thismeansthatadnadatabasemaydifferdependingonthecompanythatprocessestheresults.inaddition,thecomputerprogramsacompanyusestoestimaterelationshipsmaybepatentedandnotsubjecttopeerrevieworoutsideevaluation.26.inparagraphs1and2,thetextshowsptks_.aeasyavailabilitybflexibilityinpricingcsuccessfulpromotiondpopularitywithhouseholds27.ptkisusedto_.alocateonesbirthplacebpromotegeneticresearchcidentifyparent-childkinshipdchoosechildrenforadoption28.skepticalobserversbelievethatancestrytestingfailsto_.atracedistantancestorsbrebuildreliablebloodlinescfullyusegeneticinformationdachievetheclaimedaccuracy29.inthelastparagraph,aproblemcommercialgenetictestingfacesis_.adisorganizeddatacollectionboverlappingdatabasebuildingcexcessivesamplecomparisondlackofpatentevaluation.30.anappropriatetitleforthetextismostlikelytobe_.aforsandagainstsofdnatestingbdnatestinganditsproblemscdnatestingoutsidethelabdliesbehinddnatestingtext3therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalikeprogressinbothareaisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.wearefortunatethatisit,becauseneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.thefindingsofaresearchinstitutionhaveconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicalhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.ironically,thefirstevidenceforthisideaappearedintheunitedstates.notlongago,withthecountryenteringarecessingandjapanatitspre-bubblepeak.theu.s.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneofprimarycauseofthepooru.s.economicperformance.japanwas,andremains,thegloballeaderinautomotive-assemblyproductivity.yettheresearchrevealedthattheu.s.factoriesofhondanissan,andtoyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirjapanese