初中英语冀教必背知识点归纳.docx

初中英语冀教必背知识点归纳.docx

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初中英语冀教必背知识点归纳

初中英语冀教版必背知识点归纳

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[导读]重点短语leavefor前往（某地）giveatalk作演讲/报告takecareof/lookafter照顾，照料lookup（在词典/字典）...查询lookfor寻找lookover（医生等）仔细检查Lookout/takecare/becareful小心！

giveadviceto给......提建议handin交上assoon

重点短语

leavefor前往（某地）giveatalk作演讲/报告takecareof/lookafter照顾，照料lookup（在词典/字典）...查询lookfor寻找lookover（医生等）仔细检查Lookout/takecare/becareful小心！

giveadviceto给......提建议handin交上assoonas一......就......bescaredof害怕enjoyoneself/havefun/haveagoodtime过得愉快not...until...直到......才......begoodat/dowellin擅长....../在......做的好falloff摔下来getoff下（车，船...）geton上（车，船...）be/becomeinterestedin对......感兴趣makeinto把......制成......bemadeof/from由......制成beusedfor被用来做...slowdown减速beproudof因...而骄傲/自豪protect...from...保护...不受...的侵害keep/stop/prevent...fromdoing...阻止...以免发生某事becauseof因为makefriendswith和...交朋友looklike看上去像playajokeon和...开玩笑puton穿上takeoff脱下putup支起/举起/建造putoff推迟/延期putout熄灭befamousfor/as以...闻名regardas把...当作sendfor派人去请/叫befilledwith/befullof充满......takepartin参加tryon试穿aslongas只要turnon打开turnoff/out关掉turnup放大；调高turndown关小；调低hearfrom收到...的邮件/信件hearof听说helpsbwithsth...帮助某人做某事be/getreadyfor为...做好准备begoodfor对...有益bebadfor对...有害growup成长/长大upto达到ringup给...打电话aswellas也/又giveup放弃evenif/though即使/纵然beableto/can能/会beover结束catchupwith跟上/赶上fallbehind落后/跟不上beusedfor被用来干...belocatedin/on位于geton/alongwellwith与...相处很好thinkof想起/考虑findout查明/发现comeupwith发现/找到workout计算出/解决waitfor等待payfor为......付款havesuccessin/succeedin在......（方面）成功workhard努力工作/学习fallill/sick生病cometrue实现goover复习/检查Itissaidthat据说agreewith同意bemadat/beangrywith生......的气belongto属于praisefor因为（某事）表扬（某人）exceptfor除......之外preferto...更喜欢某事物helponeselfto请随便吃点......devoteoneselftosth/doingsth致力于/献身于同音词father（父亲）----farther（较远,far的比较级）hear（听见）---here（这里）high（高）---hi（喂）eye（眼睛）---I（我）know（知道）---no（不）meat（肉）---meet（遇见）one

（一）---won（获胜,win的过去式）our（我们的）---hour（小时）pear（梨）---pair（一对;一双）sea（海）----see（看见）son（儿子）---sun（太阳）their（他们的）---there（那里）weak（弱的）----week（星期）weather（天气）---whether（是否）write（写）---right（对的;右）wear（穿;戴）---where（在哪里）whole（整个的）---hole（洞）反义词above在...上--below在...下all全部--none全无answer回答--ask询问borrow借进-lend借出/return归还best最好的--worst最坏的better更好的--worse更坏的both两者都--neither两者都不busy忙碌的--free空闲的buy买--sell卖cheap便宜的--expensive/dear昂贵的clean干净的--dirty肮脏的clever聪明的--foolish愚蠢的cold寒冷的--hot炎热的cry哭-laugh笑cool凉爽的--warm温暖的careful小心的-careless粗心的danger危险--safety安全safe安全的--dangerous危险的dark黑暗的--bright明亮的dry干燥的--wet潮湿的early早的--late迟的easy容易的--difficult/hard困难的；艰巨的empty空的--full满的far远的--near近的begin开始--finish结束first最初的--last最后的forget忘记--remember记得soft软的--hard硬的high高的--low低的inside在里面--outside在外面heavy重的--light轻的noisy吵闹的-quiet安静的old旧的--new新的old年老的--young年轻的possible可能的-impossible不可能的pass通过；及格--fail未通过；不及格poor贫穷的--rich富裕的pull拉--push推plus加-minus减right右边（的）--left左边（的）right正确的--wrong错误的same相同的--different不同的short短的--long长的short（个子）矮的--tall（个子）高的sleep睡觉--wake醒来small小的--big,large,great大的strong强壮的--weak虚弱的take拿走--bring带来thin瘦的--fat胖的thin薄的-thick厚的with有--without没有many许多-few几乎没有more更多-less更少polite礼貌的-rude粗鲁的receive收到-send送/寄

　　　　　　　　　　　　　同义词（组）

arrivein/at=getto=reach到达befine=bewell=beOK（身体）好befrom=comefrom来自bein=beathome在家beaway=beout=benotathome在外bebusydoingsth.=bebusywithsth.忙于做某事givesbacall=givesbaring给某人打电话goondoingsth.=goonwithsth.继续干某事hearfrom=receive/have/getaletterfrom收到某人的来信helpsbwithsth=helpsb（to）dosth帮某人干某事lookout=becareful=takecare小心prefer...to=likebetterthan更喜欢ringsbup=callsb打电话sendforsb=asksbtocome派人去请takeexercise=dosport做运动teachoneself=learnallbyoneself自学walkto=goto...onfoot步行alotof=lotsof/plentyof许多aquarterpasttwo=twofifteen2:

15attimes=sometimes有时atlast=intheend=finally最后amomentago=justnow刚才atonce=rightnow/away立刻/马上morethan=over超过nolonger=not...anylonger=nomore=notanymore不再twoandahalfyears=twoyearsandahalf两年半stayhealthy=keepfit/healthy保持健康Howdoyoulike...=Whatdoyouthinkof...你认为...怎么样onemore=another（one）再一个almost-nearly几乎；差不多answer-reply回答autumn-fall秋天gift-present礼物grow-plant种clever-bright聪明的expensive-dear昂贵的difficult-hard困难的；艰巨的easy-simple容易的；简单的famous-well-known著名的helpful-useful有益的；有用的ill-sick生病的maybe-perhaps-probably可能；大概real-true真正的；真实的whether-if是否

名词复数

apple苹果boy男孩key钥匙,x,ch,sh-esbus公共汽车class课；班级box箱子watch手表match比赛brush刷子3.辅+y→iescity城市country国家library图书馆family家庭factory.工厂baby婴儿story故事century世纪dictionary字典hero英雄potato马铃薯tomato西红柿Photo照片piano钢琴radio收音机zoo动物园kilo千克（e）→vesKnife小刀leaf树叶life生命thief小偷7.单复同形Chinese中国人Japanese日本人sheep绵羊deer鹿fish鱼8.词根变化man---men男人woman---women妇女foot---feet脚tooth---teeth牙齿child---children小孩mouse---mice老鼠9.部分变复数girlfriend---girlfriends女朋友10.全部变复数manteacher---menteachers男教师11.German→Germans德国人12.不可数名词表数量acupoftea一杯茶apieceofpaper一张纸threepiecesofnews三条消息fivepairsofshoes五双鞋abottleofwater一瓶水twoglassesofmilk两玻璃杯牛奶

形容词/副词的比较级和最高级

estcleantallcoldlowfinenicelargelate3.辅+y→ier/iestbusyeasyheavyhappyhealthyearly4.双写末辅+er/estbigfatthinhotwetmost+多音节或部分双音节形容词/副词careful小心的useful有用的famous著名的quickly快地slowly慢地interesting有趣的beautiful美丽的important重要的popular流行的；受欢迎的6.不规则变化good/well→better;bestbad/badly/ill→worse;worstlittle几乎没有→less;leastmany/much→more;mostfar→farther;farthest（具体的远）/further;furthest（抽象的远）

基数词→序数词

four四→fourtheight八→eighth3.去e-thnine九→ninth→fthfive五→fifthtwelve十二→twelfth→iethtwenty二十→twentieth还有thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十6.特殊变化one一→firsttwo二→secondthree三→third二十一→twenty-first

重要分数：

二分之一one/ahalf三分之二twothirds四分之一onefourth/one（a）quarter四分之三threefourths/threequarters

人称代词物主代词反身代词

主格宾格形容词性-名词性-

Imemyminemyself

youyouyouryoursyourself

hehimhishishimself

sheherherhersherself

itititsitsitself

weusouroursourselves

youyouyouryoursyourselves

theythemtheirtheirsthemselves

反身代词构成的短语

oneself（过得愉快、玩得高兴））oneselfto（请随便吃点...）3.teachoneself=learnbyoneself（自学）after/takecareofoneself（照顾自己）oneself（伤害自己）6.leaveonebyoneself=leaveonealone（把某人单独留下）

oneselfto（致力于）

第三人称单数（简称：

现单三）

lookplay玩enjoy喜欢,x,ch,sh,o-esfix修理；安装watch观看teachwash洗wish希望dogo3.辅+y→iesstudy学习try尝试→has

现在分词

help帮助read2.去e（不发音）-inghavelive居住write3.双写末辅+inggetsitputcutrunswimbegin→yingliedie

过去式，过去分词（规则变化和不规则变化）

A.规则变化pant种植playliveuse用3.辅+y→iedstudyworry担心4.双写末辅+edstop停止drop掉下plan计划

B.不规则变化（见表）

AAA型cutcutcut切，割putputput放setsetset下沉；放置fitfitfit合适costcostcost值（钱）readreadread读hurthurthurt伤害shutshutshut关闭ABB型buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想；认为bringbroughtbrought带来fightfoughtfought战斗；打/吵架teachtaughttaught教catchcaughtcaught捉住sendsentsent送；寄spendspentspent花费buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借出telltoldtold告诉sellsoldsold卖sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫paypaidpaid支付laylaidlaid放置；产卵feelfeltfelt感觉；触摸findfoundfound发现；找到hearheardheard听见keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft离开；留下loselostlost失去saysaidsaid说digdugdug挖getgotgot得到have/hashadhad有/吃holdheldheld握住；举行makemademade制造；使得meetmetmet遇见sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢shineshoneshone发光；照射feedfedfed喂养AB型beatbeatbeaten打ABA型becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑ABC型am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是beginbeganbegun开始singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk喝ringrangrung响；打电话growgrewgrown生长；种植knowknewknown知道；认识blowblewblown吹drivedrovedriven驾驶drawdrewdrawn绘制；拉givegavegiven给riseroserisen升起taketooktaken拿走showshowedshown出示breakbrokebroken打破choosechosechosen选择speakspokespoken讲话dodiddone做fallfellfallen跌；落gowentgone去seesawseen看见wearworeworn穿；戴eatateeaten吃flyflewflown放；飞lielaylain躺wakewokewoken醒来stealstolestolen偷盗hidehidhidden隐藏rideroderidden骑；乘forgetforgotforgotten忘记writewrotewritten写情态动词只有过去式：

cancould能；会maymight可以；可能willwould将；会shallshould应该have/hastohadto不得不must必须→名词1.+ersinger歌唱家teacher教师player比赛者worker工人farmer农民traveller旅行者owner所有者foreigner外国人writer作者driver司机winner获胜者runner赛跑者swimmer游泳者2.+orvisitor参观者inventor发明者act表演→actor（男）演员3.+ioninvention发明describe→description描写operate动手术→operation手术4.+ingbuilding建筑training训练meaning意思warning警告smoke→smoking吸烟5.+istartist美术家science科学→scientist科学家6.+nessillness疾病busy→business商业；生意happy→happiness幸福；愉快7.+mentdevelopment发展→cedifferent→difference不同confident→confidence自信important→importance重要9.不规则变化：

advise→advice建议proud→pride骄傲high高的→height高度weigh称...重量→weight重量long长的→length长度strong强壮的→strength力量succeed→success成功safe→safety安全friend朋友→friendship友谊die→death死encourage鼓励→courage勇气law法律→lawyer律师choose→choice选择decide→decision决定speak→speech说话think思考→thought思想produce生产→product产品

→形容词

1.+ycloudy多云的windy刮风的snowy下雪的rainy下雨的lucky幸运的healthy健康的noise→noisy吵闹的sunny晴朗的funny可笑的2.+fulcarefulusefulhelpful有帮助的peaceful和平的thankful感激的wonderful精彩的colourful艳丽的successful成功的painful病痛的3.+lyfriendly友好的lovely可爱的lively热闹的；有生气的4.+ousdangerous5.+ing/edinterestinginterestedexcitingexcited兴奋的6.a-alive活着的asleep睡着的awake清醒的→tdifference→different8.+edwounded受伤的close→closed关着的worry→worried担忧的pleased高兴的；满意的9.+erneastern东方的western西方的northern北方的southern南方的10.特殊变化pride→proudwell→gooddie→deadenjoy→enjoyable愉快的open→openperson人→pers