上海市各区高三英语二模试题汇编摘要写作Summary Writing老师版全部带答案精准校对.docx

上海市各区高三英语二模试题汇编摘要写作Summary Writing老师版全部带答案精准校对.docx

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上海市各区高三英语二模试题汇编摘要写作SummaryWriting老师版全部带答案精准校对

One【2018届上海市虹口区高三英语二模试题】

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelive,wemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentandverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.

Face-tofacecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcurrentsociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnewsoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed（失去优势）byinternationalnews.

Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationrestrictedtoawealthyminority.Inthelastcenturythewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsago,peopleusedtogotothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogramthatisbeingchanneledintomillionsofhomes.

Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.Themoderncommunicationinfluencesthewaypeopleliveinsocietyandbroadenstheirhorizonsbyallowingaccesstoinformation,educationandentertainment.Theprinting,broadcastingandadvertisingindustriesareallinvolvedwithinforming,educatingandentertaining.

Keys:

Thepassagetalksaboutsomechangesofcommunication.First,theartofmasscommunicationpromotedbyinventivenessandspeedisoneofthedeterminingfactorsintheformofcommunication.Second,thepossessionofinformationbelongstothemasses,notwealthyminorityonly.Third,moderncommunicationiscrucialtopeople’slifestyleandbroadenspeople’shorizons.（59words）

Two【2018届上海市黄浦区高三英语二模试题】

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. 

Inoneofmyearliestmemories,I’mdrawing.Idon’trememberwhatthepictureissupposedtobe,butIrememberthemistake.Mymarkerslips,anunintentionallineappearsandmyliptrembles.Thepicturehaslongsincedisappeared.Butthatfeelingofdeepfrustration,evenshame,stayswithme.

That’sthethingaboutperfectionism,acruciallyself-defeatingwaytomovethroughtheworld.Itmakesyoubetteratyourcareerandrelationshipsandlifeingeneral.Culturally,weoftenseeperfectionismasapositive.

Butthedisadvantageofperfectionismisn’tjustthatitholdsyoubackfrombeingyourmostsuccessful,productiveself.Perfectionistictendencieshavebeenlinkedtoalaundrylistofclinicalissues:

depressionandanxiety（eveninchildren）,self-harm,socialanxietydisorder,eatingdisorders,andmostdamagingofall,suicide.

“Baseduponthe60-oddstudiesthatwe’vedone,wethinkthat’samisunderstanding,”saysYorkStJohnUniversity’sHill.“Factorsoftenlabeled‘healthy’perfectionism,likestrivingforexcellence,aren’tactuallyperfectionismatall.They’rejustconscientiousness（尽职尽责）–whichexplainswhypeoplewiththosetendenciesoftenhavedifferentoutcomesinstudies.Perfectionismisn’tdefinedbyworkinghardorsettinghighgoals.It’sthatcriticalinnervoice.”

Takethestudentwhoworkshardandgetsapoormark.Ifshetellsherself:

“I’mdisappointed,butit’sokay;I’mstillagoodpersonoverall,”that’shealthy.Ifthemessageis:

“I’mafailure.I’mnotgoodenough,”that’sperfectionism.

Perfectionistscanmakesmoothsailingintoastorm,abriefillwindintoacategory-fivehurricane.Eventually,thebehavioursperfectionistsadapt,actually,domakethemmorelikelytofail.

Keys:

Manyofusbelieveperfectionismisapositive.Butresearchersarefindingthatitisnothingshortofdangerous,leadingtoalonglistofhealthproblemsandfailureinstudyorlife.Besides,perfectionismisdifferentfromconscientiousnessinthattheformerisconnectedwithbeingparticularaboutoneself.（50words）

Three【2018届上海市浦东新区高三英语二模试题】

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. 

Everytimethereisamassshooting,thedebatesurroundinggunstendstoflareupinAmerica.TheabuseofgunshasbeenaseriousproblemintheUSallalong,butwhydoesn’ttheUSgovernmentjustdismissowninggunsprivately?

TherighttoownagunanddefendoneselfiscentraltoAmericansociety.Asearlyasthe1600s,whenthefirstEuropeanssetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theyhadtofacealotofdangers.Theycouldonlyrelyonthemselves.Therefore,gunsplayedasignificantroleinself-defense.GunswerealsoimportantinAmerica’sIndependentWarandtheCivilWar.

Secondly,theAmericanfoundingfathersbelievedthatgunownershipwasnecessaryforatrulyfreecountry.Ifthegovernmentdistruststhepeopleanddisarmsthem,thenthatgovernmentnolongerrepresentsthepeople.TheSecondAmendmenttotheUSConstitutionspecifiesthattheAmericanpeoplecannotbedeprivedofthe“righttokeepandbeararms.”SothesaleandpurchaseoffirearmsarelegalintheUnitedStatesaccordingtolaw.

TheimportanceofgunsisalsoderivedfromtheroleofhuntinginAmericanculture.Inthenation’searlyyears,huntingwasessentialforfoodandshelter.Today,gunsareavitalpartofhunting,whichremainsverypopularasbothasportandawayoflifeinmanypartsofthecountry.Peoplespendtimewithfriends,sharingthepleasurethatthesportbrings.

Forthosereasons,whencriticssaygunsmeanviolence,theymissalargepartofthepicture,andtheymisrepresentthecomplexnatureofAmerica’sdiversegunculture.Mostpeoplewhoowngunsprivately,areactuallypartofthegunculture.Theyhaverationalandthoughtfulreasonstoownanduseguns.

Keys:

TheUSgovernmentdoesn’tbangumsforthefollowingreasons.Finally,gunsserveasameansofself-defence.Besides,thepossessionofagunisasymboloffreedom.Finally,gunsareimportantbecausehuntingisstillpopularinpeople’slifeasasport.Despitethedisputes,Americansareentitledtotheuseofguns.（59words）

Four【2018届上海市长宁区高三英语二模试题】

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. 

TheConflictoftheOrders

ThetypesofpeoplewhoservedasofficialsintheRomangovernmentchangedovertime.Thesechangesstemmedfromtheattemptsofcommonpeopletomorerights.ThestrugglesbecameknownastheConflictoftheOrders.

Intheearlyrepublic,Romansweredividedintotwoclassesofpeople:

patriciansandplebeians.Patricianswerepowerfullandownerswhocontrolledthegovernment.Asnobles,theyinheritedtheirpower.Plebeians,whomadeupmostofthepopulation,weremainlyfarmersandworkers.Formanyyears,plebeianshadfewrights.Theycouldvote,buttheywerebarredfromholdingmostpublicoffices.PlebeianscouldnotevenknowRomanlawsbecauselawswerenotwrittendown.Incourt,ajudgestatedandappliedthelaw,butonlypatriciansservedasjudges.

Overtime,plebeiansincreasedtheirpowerthroughdemandandstrikes.Theygainedtherighttojointhearmy,holdgovernmentoffice,formtheirownassembly,andelectleaders.Inoneoftheirgreatestvictories,theyforcedthegovernmenttowritedownthelawsoftheRomanRepublic.Inabout450,B.C.theRomansengravedtheirlawsontabletscalledtheTwelveTables.ThelawswereplacedintheForum,thechiefpublicsquare,foralltoview.

Thefirstplebeianswereappointedtothegovernmentinthelate400sB.C.After342B.C,aplebeianalwaysheldoneoftheconsulpositions.Byabout300B.C.manyplebeianshadbecomesopowerfulandwealthythemselvesthattheyjoinedwithpatricianstoformtheRomannobility.Fromthattimeon,thedistinctionbetweenpatriciansandplebeianswasnotasimportant.Membershipinthenobilitywasstillveryimportant,however,sincegovernmentofficialswerenotpaidasalaryonlywealthynoblescouldaffordtoholdoffice.Thus,thenoblesstillcontrolledtherepublic.

Keys:

Romansconsistedoftwoclasses:

patriciansandplebeians.Patricians,thenobles,inheritedpowerandcontrolledthegovernment.Plebeians,thecommonpeoplehavingfewrights,graduallygainedrightsthroughstruggles.Later,manyplebeiansgainedpowerandwealthandbecamenobles.Onlytherichcouldaffordtoholdtheunpaidoffice,sothenoblesstillcontrolledRome.（55words）

Five【2018届上海市徐汇区高三英语二模试题】

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. 

AWorkaholicEconomy

Althoughtheoutputperhourofworkhasmorethandoubledsince1945,leisureseemsreservedlargelyfortheunemployedandunderemployed.Thosewhoworkfull-timespendasmuchtimeonthejobastheydidattheendofWorldWarⅡ.Infact,workinghourshaveincreasednoticeab