小学英语语法和练习.docx

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小学英语语法和练习.docx

小学英语语法和练习

小学英语语法与练习

一、名词复数规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:

book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds

2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾,加-es,如:

bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:

family-families,strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:

knife-knives,Leaf--leaves

5.不规则名词复数:

man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,

child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese

1.写出下列名词的复数。

watch_______child_______photo________diary______

day________foot________book_______dress________

tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____

peach______sandwich______dish_______bus_______

man______woman_______paper_______people________

I_________he_________this___________she______

child_______photo________diary______day________foot________dress________

tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______

yo-yo______sandwich______

二、一般现在时

一般现在时的be动词

be动词的用法:

(1)Iam,youare,weare,theyare,heis,sheis,itis.

口诀:

我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,复数全用are.

(2)肯定和否定句:

Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.

Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.

(3)一般疑问句:

AreyouaChinese?

Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.

AretheyAmerican?

Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.

Isthecatfat?

Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.

1.用am,is,are填空。

1.I______aboy.______youaboy?

No,I_____not.

2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.

3.Thedog_______tallandfat.

4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.

5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?

6.Where_____yourmother?

She______athome.

7.How_______yourfather?

8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.

9.Whosedress______this?

10.Whosesocks______they?

 

2.用恰当的be动词填空.

1.I______aboy.______youaboy?

No,I_____not.

2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.

3.Thedog_______tallandfat.

4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.

5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?

6.Where_____yourmother?

She______athome.

7.How_______yourfather?

8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.

9.Whosedress______this?

10.Whosesocks______they?

11.That______myredskirt.

12.Who______I?

13.Thejeans______onthedesk.

14.Here______ascarfforyou.

15.Here______somesweatersforyou.

16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.

17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.

18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.

19.Sometea______intheglass.

20.Gaoshan’sshirt_______overthere.

21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.

22.This______notWangFang’spencil.

23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland?

24.There______agirlintheroom.

25.There______someapplesonthetree.

26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?

27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?

28.There_______somebreadontheplate.

29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.

30.You,heandI______fromChina.

 一般现在时的功能:

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态.如:

Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的.

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如:

Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床.

3.表示客观现实.如:

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转.

一般现在时的构成:

1.be动词:

主语+be(am,is,are)+其它,如:

Iamaboy.我是一个男孩.

2.行为动词:

主语+行为动词+(其它),如:

WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语.

当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it,Tom,Amy,thedog…)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”,如:

MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语.

一般现在时的否定句:

主语+benot+其它.

如:

Heisnotaworker.他不是工人.

缩写:

isnot=isn'tarenot=aren't

一般现在时的一般疑问句:

Be+主语+其它?

(把Be提到句首)

如:

-Areyouastudent?

-Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.

特殊疑问句:

疑问词+一般疑问句?

如:

Whereismybike?

3.行为动词的变化.

否定句:

主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形+(其它).如:

Idon'tlikebread.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句.如:

Hedoesn'toftenplay.

一般疑问句:

Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:

-Doyouoftenplayfootball?

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如:

-Doesshegotoworkbybike?

-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

 4.动词第三人称单数的变化规则:

①一般情况下,直接加-s,如:

cook-cooks,milk-milks

②以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加-es,读[iz],如:

guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes

③以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:

study-studies

加s或es时,在清辅音后读[s],在浊辅音后读[z]。

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

drink________go_______stay________make________

look_________have_______pass_______carry____

come________watch______plant_______fly________

study_______brush________do_________teach_______

wash_______

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空.

1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.

3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?

6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?

7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?

8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.

11.Mike_______(like)cooking.

12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.

13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.

14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.

15.I_______(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.

16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.

18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.

19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.

20.-Whatday_______(be)ittoday?

-It’sSaturday.

三.写出下列动词的第三人称单数.

drink________go_______stay________make________look_________

have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______

plant_______fly________study_______brush________teach_______

四、按照要求改写句子.

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)

________________________________________________________

4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

___________________________________________________

5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________

6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

 五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)

1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?

__________________

2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?

__________________

3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________

4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________

5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________

 

 三、现在进行时

1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:

主语+be+动词ing+其他.

3.现在进行时的否定句:

在be后加not.主语+benot+动词ing+其他

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句:

把be动词提到句首,句后为“?

”:

Be+主语+动词ing+其他?

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:

疑问词+be+主语+动词ing+其他?

(What,When,Where,How,Whose…)

但疑问词当主语时,其结构为:

疑问词(Who)+be+动词ing?

 动词加ing(现在分词)的变化规则:

1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:

cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:

make-making,taste-tasting

3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母(重读闭音节),双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:

run-running,stop-stopping

一、写出下列动词的现在分词:

play________run__________swim_________make__________

go_________like________write________ski___________

read________have_________sing________dance_________

put_________see________buy_________love____________

live_______take_________come________get_________

stop_________sit________begin________shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen!

Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.

3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.

4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look!

They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They____________(notwater)theflowersnow.

7.Look!

thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?

She_________(listen)tomusic.

9.It's5o’clock.We_____________(have)suppernow。

10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?

Yes,sheis.

三、句型转换:

1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3.I’mplayingthefootball(intheplayground).(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4.Tomis(readingbooks)inhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

四、一般将来时

 1、概念:

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事.句中一般有以下时间状语:

tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等.

 2、基本结构:

①begoingto+do;②will+do.

 3、否定句:

在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't.

例如:

I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnic

thisafternoon.

4、一般疑问句:

be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换.

例如:

Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?

5、对划线部分提问:

一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况.

a.问人Who例如:

I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon?

b.问干什么What…do.例如:

Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon?

c.问什么时候.When.例如:

She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?

问在哪里Where…?

Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:

30.

Wherewillwemeetat10:

30?

6、同义句:

begoingto=

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