新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案.docx

新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案.docx

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新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案

Unit1

7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.

1对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。

有的人认为对未来应该有一个明

确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备；有的人则认为不用过多考虑未

来，因为未来难以预料。

（mapout;braceoneselffor;uncertainty）

Studentsdifferaboutwhethertheyshouldhavetheirfuturemappedoutwhentheyarestillatuniversity.

Somethinktheyshouldhaveadefinitegoalanddetailedplan,soastobracethemselvesforany

challenges,whereassomeothersthinktheydon’thavetothinkmuchaboutthefuture,becausefutureis

fullofuncertainties.

2经过仔细检查，这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。

虽然知道自己将不久于人世，他并没有抱怨命运的

不公，而是准备好好利用剩下的日子，争取加速推进由他和同事们共同发起的那个研究项目，以提

前结项。

（tickaway;makethebestof;haveashotat）

Afteraverycarefulcheck-up,thescientistwastoldhehadgotafataldisease.Althoughheknewthat

hislifewastickingaway,insteadofcomplainingaboutthefate,thescientistdecidedtomakethebestof

theremainingdays,andspeeduptheresearchprojectheandhiscolleaguesinitiated,andhaveashotat

completingitaheadofschedule.

Unit2

Readingandunderstanding

3Answerthequestions.

1WhatwereSylviaPlath’smostimportantmemories?

Sherememberedwinningaprize,PaulaBrown’snewsuitandtheviewfromherwindow.

2Wheredidsheliveandwhatcouldsheseefromherbedroomwindow?

Shelivedonthebaysideoftown,onJohnsonAvenue,andshecouldseethelightsofBostonandLogan

Airportfromherbedroomwindow.

3Whatdidtheviewmakeherwanttodo?

Itmadeherwanttoflyinherdreams.

4Whydidshehavesuchvividdreams?

Becauseshewasrarelytiredwhenshewenttobed.

5Whoappearedinherdreams?

Supermanappearedandtaughthertofly.

6WhydidsheenjoytheradioadventuresofSuperman?

Becauseshelovedthesheerpoetryofflight.

7WheredidherfriendandsheplaySuperman?

Atthedingybackentrancetotheschool,analcoveinalongpassageway.

Unit2Childhoodmemories

46

8WhydoyouthinktheychoseSheldontobethevillain?

Becausehewasamamma’sboyandwasleftoutoftheotherboys’games.

9HowdidshefeelaboutherUncleFrank?

SheadmiredhimasshethoughtheboreanextraodinaryresemblancetoSupermanincognito.

4Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage.

3SylviaPlathwroteaboutherrealandimaginarylifeasachild.

Dealingwithunfamiliarwords

5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.

1accurateandtrue（definite）

2continuingallthetime（perpetual）

3tospinquicklyincircles（whirl）

4toshineverybrightly（blaze）

5tolaughinanervous,excitedorsillywaythatisdifficulttocontrol（giggle）

6toencouragesomeonetospeakorcontinuespeaking（prompt）

7tofalltotheground（tumble）

6CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.

Plathneverneededtobe

（1）promptedtotalkaboutherchildhoodmemories.Theywerevery

（2）definite

andstillrealtoherasanadult.Sheimaginedshecouldflyand（3）whirlthroughtheairlikeSuperman.

ComingfromthehighwaysaroundBostonwasthe（4）perpetualsoundoftraffic.Inthedistanceaplane

wastakingoff,itslights（5）blazingintothenightsky.Sherememberedthesoundof（6）gigglingwhich

camefromthegroupofgirls.SadlyinherlaterlifeitseemedasifSupermanhad（7）tumbledtoearth.

7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.

1Thelightsattheairportwentonandoffalldayandnight.（blinked）

2Theplaygroundwaslikeadesert.Itwaswithoutanyinterestingorpositivefeaturesandunfriendly.

（barren）

3Theboyswereplayingachildren’sgameinwhichtheplayerschaseandtrytotoucheachotherandthe

girlsweregossipingandgiggling.（tag）

4Pullingthelegsoffinsectsisaformofactioncausingextremephysicalpainbysomeoneasa

punishment,andisextremelycruel.（torture）

5Thesimilarityinappearancebetweenthetwinswasstriking.（resemblance）

6Hewouldcovercandywithapieceofclothusedforcleaninglipsandhands,andmakeitdisappear.

（napkin）

8Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.

1Ifyoulookthroughakaleidoscope,areyoulikelytosee（a）changingcolouredpatterns,or（b）asingle

colouredpattern?

2Ifyouflauntsomething,doyou（a）deliberatelytrytomakepeoplenotice,or（b）trytohideit?

3Ifyoumarvelatsomething,doyoufindit（a）boring,or（b）surprisingandfascinating?

ChildhoodmemoriesUnit2

47

4Areshootingstarslikelyto（a）movebrightlythroughthenightsky,or（b）standstill?

5Isthetwilightlikelytobe（a）attheendof,or（b）inthemiddleoftheday?

6Ifyoudriftofftosleep,areyoulikelytofallasleep（a）quickly,or（b）slowly?

7Ifsomeoneisbookish,aretheylikelytobe（a）more,or（b）lessinterestedinreadingbooksthandoing

otheractivities?

8Ifyoumakeupsomething,doyou（a）inventit,or（b）borrowitfromsomeoneelse?

9Ifyoucomeintoyourown,areyoulikelytoshow（a）howeffectiveanduseful,or（b）ineffectiveand

uselessyoucanbe?

10Isavillainlikelytobea（a）good,or（b）badperson?

11Ifyouareleftoutofsomething,areyoulikelytobe（a）included,or（b）excluded?

Activereading

（2）

Languagepoints

1Thesechangingideasaboutchildrenhaveledmanysocialscientiststoclaimthatchildhoodisa

“socialconstruction”.（Para4）

Asocialconstructionreferstotheprocessorresultofcreatinganideaorsystemofbehaviourinsocial

contexts,ieitiscreatedanddevelopedbetweenpeopleandisnotsomethingnaturalorgenetic.

ChildhoodmemoriesUnit2

53

2Socialanthropologistshaveshownthisintheirstudiesofpeoples...（Para5）

Socialanthropologistsarescholarsandresearcherswhostudyhumansocieties,customsandbeliefs

fromasocialperspective,whichmaybedistinctfromthefocusofphysicalanthropologistsorlinguistic

anthropologists.

3Becausetheycan’tbereasonedwith,anddon’tunderstand,parentstreatthemwithagreatdealof

toleranceandleniency.（Para5）

Toleranceistheattitudeofsomeonewhoiswillingtoacceptotherpeople’sbeliefsorwayoflifewithout

criticizingthemeveniftheydisagreewiththem.Thewordleniencymeansgivingapunishmentoracting

inawaythatisnotassevereorharshasitcouldbe.

4Theyareseenasbeingclosertomadpeoplethanadultsbecausetheylackthehighlyprizedquality

ofsocialcompetence…（Para6）

Somethingisprizedifitisconsideredtobeveryimportantorvaluable.Theexamplesinthepassage

emphasizehowdifferentculturalcommunitiesmaygiveimportancetoquitedifferentqualitieswhichthey

expectfromchildren,sothechildrenarebroughtupverydifferently.

5Theyareregularlytoldoffforbeingclumsyandachildwhofallsovermaybelaughedat,shouted

at,orbeaten.（Para6）

Totellsomeoneoffmeanstocriticizesomeoneangrilyfordoingsomethingwrong.Ifyouaretoldofffor

doingsomethinginaseriousorofficialway,youarereprimanded.

6Lookingatitfromacross-culturalperspectiveshowsthewidevarietyofchildhoodsthatexistacross

theworld…（Para11）

Across-culturalperspectiveisaviewwhichconsidersdifferentculturesseparatelyorindependentlyand

thenmakescomparisons.Aninterculturalperspectivewouldlookattherelationsandinteractionsbetween

differentculturesorcommunities,takinginsideviewsofeachcultureintoaccount.Atranscultural

perspectivewouldlookatdifferentculturesusingknowledge,skillsandinsightswhicharethoughtto

applytoawiderangeofculturalcontextsandwhichwouldhelppeopleininterculturalcontexts.

Readingandunderstanding

3Readthepassageagainandcompletethetable.

Teachingtips

•WhenSshavecompletedthetableontheirown,dividetheclassintosevengroups,eachgroup

beingresponsibleforonerowinthetable.Theyhavetosummarizethecharacteristicsofchildhood

ofthisethnicgroup,andalsoincludeanexample.Thentheyreporttotheclass.Eachgroupshould

alsoaddrelatedinformationtheylearnedfromthepassage,andthelanguageandculturenotes.The

presentationofeachgroupcouldbegivenfromthatexactrolesofparentsfromthatexactculturalor

ethnicgroup.Ifthisisdifficult,Tmaygiveeachgroupacopyoftheexamplebelow,andaskthemto

practiseandpresentittotheclass.

•Asawaytofollowthisup,Tcanaskeachgroup,onebyone,tocomparetheirresultwiththatof

anothergroup,withoutlookingattheirbooks.Analternativefollow-upisfortheT,togetherwith

oneortwoSs,totaketherolesofTVreporterswhomeeteachgroupandaskthem“oncamera”to

comparethemselveswithanothergroup,andtalkabouthowtheyunderstandtheothergroupfroma

cross-culturalperspective.

Unit2Childhoodmemories

54

4Choosethebestwaytocompletethesentences.

1Thecharacteristicsofchildhoodahundredyearsago（d）.

（a）wouldhaveinterferedintheireducation

（b）aresimilartothoseoftoday

（c）wouldbeillegaltoday

（d）meantthatchildrenweretreatedmorelikeadults

2Theideathatchildhoodisasocialconstructionsuggeststhat（a）.

（a）childrenexperiencechildhoodindifferentwaysaccordingtothesocietyinwhichtheylive

（b）enormoustransformationshavetakenplacewithinarelativelyshorttime

（c）childreninthepastworkedharder

（d）allchildrenaredifferentfromadults

3BothInuitandTonganparentsunderstandthat（b）.

（a）theirchildrenneedtobetreatedinawaywhichwouldbeconsideredharshbyoutsiders

（b）theirchildrendon’tyetpossesscertainprizedqualities,suchasreasoningandsocialcompetence

（c）growingupisaprocessofacquiringthought,notsocialskills

（d）bringinguptheirchildrenrequirestoleranceanddiscipline

4ParentsofBengchildrentreatthemwithgreatcar