On EC Translation of American Presidential Inaugural Addresses.docx

On EC Translation of American Presidential Inaugural Addresses.docx

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OnECTranslationofAmericanPresidentialInauguralAddresses

武汉轻工大学

毕业论文

设计（论文）题目：

美国总统就职演说词的汉译研究

院（系）：

外国语言文学系

专业：

英语

姓名：

吴小丹

学号：

111001107

指导教师:

贾莉娜

2015年06月2日

OnE-CTranslationofAmericanPresidentialInauguralAddresses

AThesis

SubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

FortheB.A.DegreeinForeignLanguageandLiterature.

By

WuXiaodan

UndergraduateProgram

SchoolofEnglishLanguageandLiterature

WuhanPolytechnicUniversity

Supervisor:

JiaLina

AcademicTitle:

AssociateProfessor

Approved

April4,2015

Contents

Abstracti

摘要ii

Acknowledgementsiii

I.Introduction1

1.1TheDomesticandForeignSituationofResearch1

1.1.1Domesticsituationofresearch：

1

1.1.2Foreignsituationofresearch：

3

1.2ThePurposeandSignificanceoftheThesis4

IITheCharacteristicsofthePresidentialInauguraladdresses5

2.1Lexicalfeatures5

2.1.1Theuseofbigword5

2.1.2Theuseofpronoun6

2.1.3Nominalization8

2.2SemanticFeatures8

2.2.1loosesentence8

2.2.2periodicsentence9

IIIAnalysesofThreePresidents’FirstInauguralAddresses9

3.1CommentsonthetranslationofpresidentKennedy’sfirstinauguraladdresses9

3.2CommentsonthetranslationofpresidentNixon’sfirstinauguraladdresses11

3.3CommentsonthetranslationofpresidentReagan’sinauguraladdresses12

3.4TheProblemsexistingintranslation13

3.4.1Impropertranslation13

3.4.2Over-translation14

3.4.3Mis-translation14

IV.TheTranslationSkillsinAmericanPresidentialInauguralAddresses.15

4.1DifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish15

4.2ThephrasestranslationskillsinAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdresses.15

4.2.1Usethefour--wordphrases15

4.2.2Addition16

4.2.3Conversion17

4.2.4Commendation&Derogation18

4.3ThesentencestranslationskillsinAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdresses.19

4.3.1Affirmationandnegation19

4.3.2Contraction19

4.3.3Division20

4.3.4Restructure20

VIConclusion22

Bibliography23

Abstract

InAmericanpoliticallifethepresidentialinauguraladdresses,whichareissuedtothepublicbythenewlyelectedpresidentinhisinauguralceremony,areaninseparablepart.Throughtheinauguraladdresses,thenewlyselectedpresidentdemonstrateshisfundamentalpoliticalvalueorientation,particularprinciplesandhowtoplaytheroleofbeingagoodpresident.Since1972,ChinahasestablisheddiplomaticrelationswiththeUnitedStates,thetwocountrieshasmadegreatprogressinpolitics,economyandculture.TobetterpromotethecooperationbetweenthetwocountriesaswellastogivetheChineseacomprehensiveunderstandingofAmericanpoliticallife,thusitisatendencyintoday’ssocietytomakearesearchrelatingtotheAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdresses,itisbenefittoboththeEnglishlanguagelearners’improvementoforalcommunicationcompetenceandthecultivationofChineselearners’speechthinking.Thisthesisiscomposedoffivechapters.Chapteronegivesabriefintroductionintermsoftopic,researchpurposeandsignificance.ChaptertwostatesthestylisticcharacteristicsoftheAmericaninauguraladdresses.ChapterthreeanalysesKennedy’sandNixon’sandReagan’sfirstinauguraladdressesrespectively,findingsomeproblemsexistinginthetranslation.Chapterfourisakeypartofthewholepaper,doesaresearchabouttranslationskillsofAmericanpresidentinauguraladdressesfromtwodifferentperspectives:

languageandculture.Chapterfiveistheconclusion.

KeyWords:

inauguraladdresses;stylisticcharacteristics;translationskills

摘要

美国总统就职演说是美国政治生活的重要组成部分，是新当选的总统在就职典礼上向公众发表的演说，通过演说，新总统说明其基本政治价值取向，特定原则，以及如何扮演好总统的角色。

中国自1972年与美国建交以来，两国在政治，经济，文化等方面的发展日新月异，为了更好地促进两国之间的合作，也为了让中国人民对美国的政治生活有一个更全面的了解，因此对美国总统就职演说词的翻译进行研究符合当今发展趋势，既有利于提高英语学习者口语交际能力，也有利于培养中国学者的演讲思维。

本文共分为五章，第一章为引言，介绍本文的研究对象，研究意义。

第二章从词汇,句子两个方面论述美国总统就职演说词的文体特征。

第三章对三篇就职演说的不同译本进行比较，并指出翻译中存在的不当之处。

第四章从语言差异和文化差异两个角度入手，对美国总统就职演说词从词到句的翻译技巧进行归纳和总结。

第五章为结论。

关键词：

就职演说词文体特征翻译技巧

Acknowledgements

Thisthesisconcludesmyuniversitystudyforseveralyears.IwouldliketothankallmyteachersintheForeignLanguagesandLiteratureDepartmentofWuhanPolytechnicUniversity;towhomIowemuchofmyknowledgeintheEnglishlanguage,linguistics,literature,andespeciallyinthetranslation..

Firstlyandforemost,myheartfeltthanksgotomysupervisor,MissJia,whohasledmeintothefieldoftranslationstudiesbyhersystematicandeffectiveexpertguidanceandhasbeenextremelysupportivethroughoutthisresearch.Herguidancehasbroadenedmyhorizoninthisrealm,herprofoundlearninghasstrengthenedmyinterestintranslationstudiesandherenlighteningadviceandhelphavebeensoimportantinrenderingthepresentresearchpossibleaswellasworthyofconducting.Mostimportantofall,herpatienceandconstantencouragementhelpedmedragthroughthenumerousdifficultiesIhavebeenconfrontedwithinwritingandrevisingthisthesis.

Secondly,IwillthankDoc.Zhang,whoselecturesarousemyinterestintranslation.Ibenefitedalotfromhislessons.AndIalsohavebeeninspiredbyhisscientificspirit.

Iamalsoobligedtomyfriends,classmatesandroommatesespecially,whohavebeenaccompanyingmeandprovidingmewithmuchhelpwhichwillberememberedinmywholelife.Iamalsogratefultoallthosewhohavedevotedmuchoftheirprecioustimetoreadingthisthesisandofferedmemuchbeneficialadvice.

Lastbutnottheleast,mysinceregratitudeformyparents’love,supportandcompanionshipinmylife,extendsbeyondwords.

I.Introduction

Asweknow,Americaisaleadingcountryintoday’sworld,itspolicynomattertowarddomesticorabroadshouldbegivenmoreattention.However,AmericanpresidentialinauguraladdressesareanimportantpartofAmericapoliticallife,doingaresearchabouttheseaddressesisnecessaryforChinese,especiallyabouttheChinesetranslation,whichwillgiveChineseaccesstoknowAmericanpoliticaltendencyaswellasstrengthentwocountries’relationship.

1.1TheDomesticandForeignSituationofResearch

1.1.1Domesticsituationofresearch：

ProfessorXuZhenzhongpublishedAHumbleOpinionaboutEnglishSpeechin1990,inthisarticle,firstlyhecomprehensivelysummarizedthevarietycategoryofspeechaswellasadvantagesanddisadvantagesofspeech,whichcomefromvariousschoolsindifferentwesterncountries.Thenheusedampleexamplesofrealspeechtocometoaconclusionthattheformalstylederivedfromwrittenstyleandtheinformalstylederivedfromspokenlanguagestyle,thefieldandtenorthatanoratorusedinhisspeechdeterminedthatspeechisaspokenlanguageanditisusedtomakeoralpresentationsatthemeetingoratamassrally.However,thespeechisusuallypreparedinadvance,fromthemodeitused,thespokenlanguageisanon-naturallanguageforitispossessedwiththefiguresofwrittenstyle.

In1995,professorXupublishedanarticlenamedtheReligiousColorsofEnglishPoliticalSpeech.Inthispassage,theauthorsummarizedtheconcreteembodimentofreligiouscolorsineverypresident’sinauguraladdressesasthreetypes:

thefirstone,beforethebeginningofthespeechthanksforGod’sgiftwhichhasbeenbestowedalreadyandattheendofthespeechpraysGodtoblesshiscountryunceasingly,thustheechobetweenbeginningandendingisformed.Thesecondone,directlyquotedfromBibletomakeanexplanationforthepresident’spointsofviewandcourseofpolicy.Thethirdone,fromtheperspectiveofreligiouspreaching.IngeneralthispassagehasmadegreathelpforthetranslatortotranslateAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdressesandthereadertounderstandit,inaddition,theotherwesternleaders’religiouscolorsininauguraladdresseshasalsobeeninvolvedattheendofpassage,whichmadethearticlemorecomprehensiveaswellasmorepersuasive.Butthepassagedidn’trefertothereasonswhyreligiouscolorswereformedininauguraladdresses,whichwouldmakethereaderwholackrelatedbackgroundpuzzled.

ThroughthecomparisonofdifferenttranslationversionofAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdresses,professorWangXinfoundsomefaultsinChinese-Englishtranslationversionandhepointedoutthedifficultiesthattexttranslationpracticeandtranslationversionanalysishavefaced,first,thereexistednospecifictextthatcorrespondstheinauguraladdresses,aspecialtext.Second,fromtheperspectiveofphonetics,lexisandgrammaticalstructures,ChineselanguageandEnglishlanguageembodieddifferentstylefeature.Ofcourse,thereasonsofmakingthetranslationinappropriatearedifferent,butthemosthighlightedreasonisthedifferencesinculturalbackgrounds,lexis,grammaraswellasrhetoricalskills,amongthesereasons,professorWanggaveadeepanalysisaboutlexisthatrespectivelyfromthreeaspects,semantic,rhetoricalcolorandlogicofcorrelatives.ProfessorWang’sdiscussionwasofstrongpragmatism,butthedeficiencieswerethathedidn’tcomeupwithamethodtoreviseafterpointingouttheexistingproblems.

DuringtheperiodofprofessorLuoYi’sresearchaboutthegenresofAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdresses,theresearchobjectivehasbeenextendedfrom1789to2001,thisimportantbreak-throughmadeamendsofpre-articles,whoseresearchrangewasnarrow,soithasagreatimprovementintermsofresearchsignificance,researchrangeaswellasresearchaccuracy.BeforeLuoYi,therewerefewerpassagesorarticlesthatmadeadiachronicresearchaboutAmericanpresidentialinauguraladdressesthroughcomparison,butLuoYi’spassagemadeupthisgapthroughtheexplorationoflanguagestyleandlanguagevarietyof