《合同法》司法解释一中英文对照.docx

《合同法》司法解释一中英文对照.docx

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《合同法》司法解释一中英文对照

InterpretationsTheSupremePeople'sCourtofCertainIssuesconcerningTheApplicationofTheContractLawofThePeople'sRepublicofChina（PartOne）

最高人民法院公告

　　最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国合同法》若干问题的解释

（一）已于１９９９年１２月１日由最高人民法院审判委员会第１０９０次会议通过，现予公布，自１９９９年１２月２９日起施行。

December29,1999

一九九九年十二月十九日

InterpretationsTheSupremePeople'sCourtofCertainIssuesconcerningTheApplicationofTheContractLawofThePeople'sRepublicofChina（PartOne）　

最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国合同法》若干问题的解释

（一）

FaShi[1999]No.19

法释（1999）19号

"TheSupremePeople''sCourt''sInterpretationsofCertainIssuesConcerningtheApplicationoftheContractLawofthePeople''sRepublicofChina（partOne）"isadoptedatthe1090thSessionoftheAdjudicationCommitteeoftheSupremePeople''sCourtonDecember1,andispromulgatednow,thislawwillbeeffectiveasofDecember29,1999.PursuanttoTheContractLawofthePeople''sRepublicofChina（hereinafterthe"ContractLaw"）,andwithaviewtofacilitatingtheproperadjudicationofcontractualdisputes,weherebypromulgatethefollowinginterpretationsofcertainissuesconcerningtheapplicationoftheContractLawbyPeople''sCourts:

（1999年12月1日最高人民法院审判委员会第1090次会议通过）为了正确审理合同纠纷案件，根据《中华人民共和国合同法》（以下简称合同法）的规定，对人民法院适用合同法的有关问题作出如下解释：

I.ScopeofApplicationoftheLaw

一、法律运用范围

Article1WhereasuitisbroughttoaPeople''sCourtinrespectofadisputearisingoutofacontractformedaftertheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,theprovisionsoftheContractLawshallapply;whereasuitisbroughttoaPeople''sCourtinrespectofadisputeconcerningacontractformedbeforetheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,exceptotherwiseprovidedherein,theprovisionsofthelawineffectatthetimeshallapply,providedthatifthelawineffectatthetimedidnotprovideforsuchmatter,therelevantprovisionoftheContractLawmayapply.

第一条合同法实施以后成立的合同发生纠纷起诉到人民法院的，适用合同法的规定；合同法实施以前成立的合同发生纠纷起诉到人民法院的，除本解释另有规定的以外，适用当时的法律规定，当时没有法律规定的，可以适用合同法的有关规定。

Article2WhereacontractwasformedbeforetheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,buttheprescribedtimelimitforperformanceextendsbeyond,orcommencesafter,theoperativedateoftheContractLaw,ifadisputearisesoutofitsperformance,therelevantprovisionsofChapterFouroftheContractLawshallapply.

第二条合同成立于合同法实施之前，但合同约定的履行期限跨越合同法实施之日或者履行期限在合同法实施之后，因履行合同发生的纠纷，适用合同法第四章的有关规定。

Article3IndeterminingthevalidityofacontractformedbeforetheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,ifapplicationofthelawineffectatthetimeleadstoitsinvalidation,butapplicationoftheContractLawleadstoaffirmationofitsvalidity,thePeople''sCourtshallapplytheContractLaw.

第三条人民法院确认合同效力时，对合同法实施以前成立的合同，适用当时的法律合同无效而适用合同法合同有效的，则适用合同法。

Article4AftertheContractLawbecameoperative,aPeople''sCourtmayonlyinvalidateacontractinaccordancewithlawsadoptedbytheNationalPeople''sCongressoritsStandingCommittee,oradministrativeregulationsadoptedbytheStateCouncil,andmaynotinvalidateacontractinaccordancewithanylocalstatutesoradministrativerules.

第四条合同法实施以后，人民法院确认合同无效，应当以全国人大及其常委会制定的法律和国务院制定的行政法规为依据，不得以地方性法规、行政规章为依据。

Article5WhereaPeople''sCourtre-adjudicatesacaseonwhichafinaljudgmenthasbeenrendered,theContractLawdoesnotapply.

第五条人民法院对合同法实施以前已经作出终审裁决的案件进行再审，不适用合同法。

II.TimeLimitforAction

二、诉讼时效

Article6Inadisputearisingoutofatechnologycontract,whereinfringementoftherightofapartyoccurredbeforetheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,iftherewasalapseofmorethanoneyearbetweenthedateonwhichthepartykneworshouldhaveknownthatitsrightwasinfringedandtheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,thePeople''sCourtwillnolongerenforcesuchright;wherethelapsewaslessthanoneyear,thetimelimitduringwhichthepartymaybringasuitshallbetwoyears.

第六条技术合同争议当事人的权利受到侵害的事实发生在合同法实施之前，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权利受到侵害之日起至合同法实施之日超过一年的，人民法院不

保护；尚未超过一年的，其提起诉讼的时效期间为二年。

Article7Inadisputearisingoutofatechnologyimport/exportcontract,whereinfringementoftherightofapartyoccurredbeforetheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,iftherewasalapseofmorethantwoyearsbetweenthedateonwhichthepartykneworshouldhaveknownthatitsrightwasinfringedandtheoperativedateoftheContractLaw,thePeople''sCourtwillnolongerenforcesuchright;wherethelapsewaslessthantwoyears,thetimelimitduringwhichthepartymaybringasuitshallbefouryears.

第七条技术进出口合同争议当事人的权利受到侵害的事实发生在合同法实施之前，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权利受到侵害之日起至合同法施行之日超过二年的，人民法院不予保护；尚未超过二年的，其提起诉讼的时效期间为四年。

Article8Thetimeperiodof"oneyear"setoutinArticle55,andthetimeperiodof"fiveyears"setoutinArticle75andParagraph2ofArticle104oftheContractLawarefixed,andarenotsubjecttotherulesgoverningthesuspension,terminationorextensionoftimelimitforaction.

第八条合同法第五十五条规定的“一年”、第七十五条和第一百零四条第二款规定的“五年”为不变期间，不适用诉讼时效中止。

中断或者延长的规定。

III.ValidityofContracts

三、合同效力

Article9WhereassetforthinParagraph2ofArticle44oftheContractLaw,therelevantlaworadministrationregulationprovidesthattheeffectivenessofacertaincontractissubjecttocompletionoftherelevantapprovalprocedure,ortherelevantapprovalandregistrationprocedures,ifbeforecompletionofcourtdebatebythepartiesinthetrialoffirstinstance,thepartiesstillfailtocarryouttherelevantapprovalprocedure,orapprovalandregistrationprocedures,asthecasemaybe,thePeople''sCourtshallrulethatthecontracthasnotyettakeneffect;iftherelevantlaworadministrationregulationrequiresthatacertaincontractberegisteredwithoutsubjectingitseffectivenesstosuchregistration,thenfailuretoeffectregistrationshallnotimpairtheeffectivenessofthecontract,providedthatsuchfailureconstitutesanimpedimenttotheconveyanceoftitleto,orsuchotherrealrightin,thesubjectmatterofthecontract.Inthecaseofamendment,assignmentorterminationofacontractassetforthinParagraph2ofArticle77,Article87,andParagraph2ofArticle96oftheContractLaw,theprovisionsofthepreviousParagraphapply.

第九条依照合同法第四十四条第二款的规定，法律、行政法规规定合同应当办理批准手续，或者办理批准、登记等手续才生效，在一审法庭辩论终结前当事人仍未办理批准手续的，或者仍未办理批准、登记等手续的，人民法院应当认定该合同未生效；法律、行政法规规定合同应当办理登记手续，但未规定登记后生效的，当事人未办理登记手续不影响合同的效力，合同标的物所有权及其他物权不能转移）合同法第七十七条第二款、第八十七条、第九十六条第二款所列合同变更、转让、解除等情形，依照前款规定处理。

Article10Wherethepartiesenteredintoacontractthesubjectmatterofwhichwasoutsidetheirscopeofbusiness,thePeople''sCourtshallnotinvalidatethecontractonsuchground,exceptwhereconclusionofthecontractwasinviolationofstaterestrictionconcerning,orlicensingrequirementfor,aparticularbusinesssector,orinviolationofanylaworadministrativeregulationprohibitingthepartiesfromparticipationinaparticularbusinesssector.

第十条当事人超越经营范围订立合同，人民法院不因此认定合同无效。

但违反国家限制经营、特许经营以及法律。

行政法规禁止经营规定的除外。

IV.Subrogation

四、代位权

Article11WhereanobligeeistobringasuitofsubrogationpursuanttoArticle73oftheContractLaw,thefollowingconditionsshallbemet:

第十一条债权人依照合同法第七十三条的规定提起代位权诉讼，应当符合下列条件：

（1）Theobligee''screditor''srightagainsttheobligorislawful;

（一）债权人对债务人的债权合法；

（2）Theobligor''sdelayinexercisingthecreditor''srightduetoithascausedharmtotheobligee;

（二）债务人怠于行使其到期债权，对债权人造成损害；

（3）Thecreditor''srightoftheobligorisdue;

　　（三）债务人的债权已到期；

（4）Thecreditor''srightoftheobligorisnotexclusivelypersonaltoit.

　　（四）债务人的债权不是专属于债务人自身的债权。

Article12AsreferredtoinParagraph1ofArticle73,acreditor''srightexclusivelypersonaltotheobligormeansaclaimforalimony,childsupport,parentalsupportorsuccession,or,aclaimforwage,retirementpension,oldagepension,deathbenefits,relocationallowanceorlifeinsurance,or,apersonalinjuryclaim.

第十二条合同法第七十三条第一款规定的专属于债务人自身的债权，是指基于扶养关系、抚养关系、赡养关系、继承关系产生的给忖请求权和劳动报酬、退休金、养老金、抚恤金。

安置费、人寿保险、人身伤害赔偿请求权等权利。

Article13Thearticle"Wheretheobligordelayedinexercisingitscreditor''srightagainstathirdpersonthatwasdue,therebyharmingtheobligee"inArticle73oftheContractLawreferstothefollowingcircumstance:

Theobligorfailstorenderperformancewhichisduetotheobligee,andfurther,ithasfailedtoenforceacreditor''srightwhichisduetoitandwhichinvolvesthepaymentofmoneyagainstanobligoreitherthroughasuitincourtorthrougharbitration,therebyfrustratingtheobligee''srealizationofthecreditor''srightduetoit.Wherethesecondaryobligor（i.e.theobligoroftheoriginalobligor）deniesthattheobligorhasdelayedinexercisingitscreditor''srightduetoit,thesecondaryobligorbearstheburdenofproof.

第十三条合同法第七十三条规定的“债务人怠于行使其到期债权，对债权人造成损害的”，是指债务人不履行其对债权人的到期债务，又不以诉讼方式或者仲裁方式向其债务人主张其享有的具有金钱给付内容的到期债权，致使债权人的到期债权未能实现。

次债务人（即债务人的债务人）不认为债务人有怠于行使其到期债权情况的，应当承担举证责任。

Article14WhereanobligeebringsasuitofsubrogationpursuanttoArticle73oftheContractLaw,jurisdictionshallvestinthePeople''sCourtintheplacewherethedefendantisdomiciled.

第十四条债权人依照合同法第七十三条的规定提起代位权诉讼的，由被告住所地人民法院管辖。

Article15WhereafterbringingasuitagainstanobligortoaPeople''sCourt,anobligeebringsasuitofsubrogationagainstasecondaryobligortothesamecourt,ifsuchsuitcomplieswiththeprovisionsofArticle13hereofaswellastheconditionsforbringingasuitsetforthinArticle108oftheCivilProceduralLawofthePeople''sRepublicofChina,thecourtshallacceptsuchsuit;wheresuchsuitdoesnotcomplywithArticle13hereof,thecourtshalldirecttheobligeetobringaseparatesuittothePeople''sCourtintheplacewherethesecondaryobligorisdomiciled.Beforejudgmentonthesuitbroughtbytheobligeeagainsttheobligortakeslegaleffect,thePeople''sCourtadjudicatingthesuitofsubrogationagainst