III Keys to the Literature of Romanticism.docx
《III Keys to the Literature of Romanticism.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《III Keys to the Literature of Romanticism.docx(24页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
IIIKeystotheLiteratureofRomanticism
KeystotheLiteratureofRomanticism
I.Fillintheblanks:
1.TheSketchBook
2.NoahWebster
3.SamuelJohnson
4.slavery
5.theTranscendentalClub
6.RalphWaldoEmerson
7.WashingtonIrving
8.WashingtonIrving
9.TheSketchBook
10.CharlestheSecond
11.TheSketchBook
12.WashingtonIrving
13.TheHistoryofNewYork
14.LifeofWashington
15.JamesFenimoreCooper
16.TheSpy
17.ThePilot
18.NattyBumppo
19.WilliamCullenBryant
20.WilliamCullenBryant
21.Odyssey
22.TheBells
23.TheRaven
24.Waldo
25.HenryDavidThoreau
26.Walden
27.Walden
28.CivilDisobedience
29.TheScarletLetter
30.MobyDick
31.VoicesoftheNight
32.DivineComedy
33.MichaelAngelo
34.Lowell
35.HenryWadsworthLongfellow
36.CivilWar
37.SirWalterScott
38.ThePioneers
39.NattyBumppo
40.RalphWaldoEmerson
41.TheAmericanScholar
42.HenryDavidThoreau
43.NathanielHawthorne
44.NathanielHawthorne
45.Clarel
46.MobyDick
II.Decidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.
1.T
2.T
3.T
4.T
5.T
6.T
7.T
8.T
9.T
10.T
11.T
12.T
13.T
14.T
15.F(poetry——history)
16.F(English——American,American——English)
17.T
18.T
19.T
20.T
21.T
22.T
23.T
24.T
25.T
26.F(poems——shortstories)
27.F(always—never)
28.T
29.F(wild—mild)
30.T
31.T
32.T
33.T
34.T
35.T
36.F("Evangeline"——"TheCourtshipofMilesStandish")
37.T
38.T
39.T
40.T
41.T
42.T
43.T
44.T
45.T
46.T
III.Makemultiplechoices
1.C
2.ABCD
3.D
4.B
5.ABCD
6.ABCD
7.B
8.A
9.B
10.D
11.A
12.C
13.ABC
14.ABC
15.B
16.ABCD
17.ABCD
18.AB
19.C
20.BC
21.ABCD
22.ABCD
23.D
24.ABCD
25.D
26.A
27.C
28.A
29.A
30.ABCD
31.E
32.A
33.ABCD
34.B
35.C
36.ABCDE
37.A
38.ABCD
39.AB
40.B
41.A
42.ABCDE
43.A
44.A
45.B
46.ABC
47.ABC
48.B
IV.Identifythefragments.
Passage1
1)WashingtonIrving
2)TheLegendofSleepyHollow
3)AshortstoryisabriefproseFiction,usuallyonethatcanbereadinasinglesitting.Itgenerallycontainsthesixmajorelementsoffiction—characterization,setting,theme,plot,pointofviewandstyle.
Passage2
1)JamesFenimoreCooper
2)TheLastoftheMohicans
3)Hawkeye
Passage3
1)Thanatopsis
2)Viewofdeath
3)A
4)NaturespeakstohimwhointheloveofNatureholdscommunionwithnature'svisibleforms.Naturerespondstotwohumanmoods,oneisgayness;theotherisgloominess,orsadness.
Passage4
1)EdgarAllanPoe
2)TheRaven
3)LI—Alliteration,L4—Onomatopoeia,L7—Internalrhyme,L10—Assonance
4)Asenseofmelancholyoverthedeathofabelovedbeautifulyoungwomanpervadesthewholepoem,theportrayalofayoungmangrievingforhislostLeno-re,hisgriefturnedtomadnessunderthesteadyone-wordrepetitionofthetalkingbird.
Passage5
1)EdgarAllanPoe
2)Psyche
3)PsycheisthegoddessofthesoulinGreekmythology.
Passage6
1)Nature
2)RalphWaldoEmerson
3)Then,themencannotbelieveandadoretheGod,cannotpreservetheremembranceofthecityofGodwhichhadbeenshown.
4)Transcendentalism
Passage7
1)Nature
2)RalphWaldoEmersonregardsnatureasthepurest,andthemostsanctifyingmoralinfluenceonman,andadvocatedadirectintuitionofaspiritualandimmanentGodinnature.Inthisconnection,Emerson'semotionalexperiencesareexemplaryinmorewaysthanone.
Nowthisisamomentof"conversion"whenonefeelscompletelymergedwiththeoutsideworld,whenonehascompletelysunkintonatureandbecomeonewithit,andwhenthesoulhasgonebeyondthephysicallimitsofthebodytosharetheomniscienceoftheOversoul.Inaword,thesoulhascompletelytranscendedthelimitsofindividualityandbecomepartoftheOversoul.Emersonseesspiritpervadingeverywhere,notonlyinthesoulofman,butbehindnature,throughoutnature.
Passage8
1)Walden
2)HenryDavidThoreau
3)Findtheanswerfromthepassage.
Passage9
1)Self-Reliance
2)RalphWaldoEmerson
3)Hebelievedaboveallinindividualism,independenceofmind,andself-reliance.
Passage10
1)HenryWadsworthLongfellow
2)APsalmofLife
3)Hisoptimismwhichhascharacterizedmuchofhispoetry,alsoendearedmanycriticstohim.Heseemedtohavepersevereddespitetragedy.Inhispoem,ThePsalmofLife,hewrites:
Lifeisreal!
Lifeisearnest!
Andthegraveisnotitsgoal.
Thisisthecryoftheheart,"rallyingfromdepression",readytoaffirmlife,toregroupfromlosses,topushondespitemomentarydefeat.
Passage11
1)TheScarletLetter
2)NathanielHawthorne
3)adultery,able,angel
Passage12
1)MobyDick
2)HermanMelville
3)Thecaptainofthewhalingship
4)Thenameofthewhalingship
5)TherebelliousstruggleofCaptainAhabagainsttheoverwhelming,mysteriousvastnessoftheuniverseanditsawesomesometimesmercilessforces.
V.Readingcomprehension.
Passage1
TheselinesaretakenfromSongsofMyselfbyWaltWhitman.Thepoetiscelebratingindividualismandnationalisminthispoem.Here"I"doesnotnecessarilymeanthepoetoraparticularperson,becausethepoetminglesthefirstpersonwiththesecondpersonbytheword"assume".SolaterinthispoemthepoetissingingofallthosepeoplewhoformtheAmericannationality.
Passage2
ThisselectionisfromNaturebyEmerson.ItisaclassicpieceinAmericanTranscendentalwritings,foritfirstofallcontainsthemosteffectivepunon"I"(eye)usedtodemonstratefullythespiritualityofhumanbeings.ItalsoillustratesEmersonianphilosophyofeachindividualhumanbeingbeingpartoftheUniverse,thatis,theover-soul.Lastbutnotleast,itaffirmsthedivinityofhumanbeings.
Passage3
ThisselectionistakenfromRipVanWinklebyWashingtonIrving.ItatleasthighlightsthechangethatRipfeelsasheentersthevillageafterthe20-yearsleep;thedestructiveeffectofthechange;Irving'spreferenceforthevaluesandmemoriesthataregonewiththechange.
Passage4
ThisselectionisfromHermanMelville'sMobyDick.Ahabisamanwhowillshisdeath,inthatheexertspoweroversomethingthatisbeyondhumanlimitation,whichisconsideredtobethesinofpridethatdefiesGodinabiblicalsense.Heisamanflamedwiththefireofhatredandrevenge,soobsessedwithhisselfishandwillfulpursuitthatfinallyheisdriventotheedgeofinsanityandstrippedofhumanity.Withoutloveandsympathy,Ahabdiesalonelyhero.
Passage5
Presentintheselectionisanightmarishjourneytotheforest,aconfrontationofGoodmanBrownwiththedevilishbeingsintheforest;hisinitiationintotheevilintheworldandNathanielHawthorne'svisionofsinandevilatthecoreofhumanheart.
VI.Analyzethemainworks.
Work1
RiplivedinanoldDutchvillageatthefootoftheCatskillMountains,withinviewoftheHudsonRiver,intheperiodwhen"thecountrywasyetaprovinceofGreatBritain".Hewas"asimple,good-naturedman;hewas,moreover,akindneighborandanobedienthe-peckedhusband".YetRipwaslazyandthiskepthiminconstanttroublewithhiswife.Histwofavoritepastimesweresittinginfrontoftheinn,talkingaboutlifewithhisfriends,andwanderingthroughthemountainswithhisdog,Wolf.Ononeofthesetripshemetastrangedwarfofamanwhoinvitedhimtojoinhimandsomeotherstrangecompanionsinadrinkingpartyandagamesomethinglikebowling-inaremotevalley.Ripdranktoomuchandfellasleep.
Whenhewokeup,henoticedthathisjointswerestiffandthathisbeardhadgrownafootlong.Returningtohisvillage,hefounditchangedalmostbeyondrecognition.Familiarlandmarksweregone,hishousewasdesertedandinruin,andstrangerswereeverywhere.Gradually,itwasrevealedtohimthathehadsleptfortwentyyears.Hewasreunitedwithamarrieddaughter,whotookhimtolivewithher.Ripadjustedtohisalteredworldwhere,"insteadofbeingsubjectofhisMajestyGeorgetheThird,hewasnowafreecitizenoftheUnitedStates",whocontentedlyassumedtheroleofthevillagepatriarch.
LiterarycriticspointoutfourmainanalysesintheirapproachtoRipandthestory'stheme:
1)thestoryofmanwhohasdifficultiesfacinghisadvancingage;2)thecontradictoryimpulsesinAmericatowardwork—thepuritanattitudeasopposedtotheAmericandesireforleisure;3)thethemeofescapefromone'sresponsibilitiesandevenone'shistory;4)thelossofidentity.Eachofthesethemesiswoventogetherthroughoutthetale.
Ripfindsitdifficulttocommunicatewiththepracticalworld,forheislonely,andconsequentlyspendsmuchofhistimewiththosepeopleandthingswhichhelphimfeelcomfortable.Hehas"inherited...butlittleofthemartialcharacterofhisancestors"(thePuritans).Toalimiteddegree,hecanrelatetothechildrenofthevillage,forhisimaginationisthatofachild,baseduponstoriesof"ghosts,witchesandIndians".Buteventheyplaytricksonhimwith"impunity".HecancommunicatewithWolf,hisdog,"whowasasmuchhenpeckedashismaster".Andfinally,andmostimportantly,Ripdoesnotfindanyconnectiontotheworldofwork,ofgettingandspending.Irvingwrites:
"ThegreaterrorinRip'scompositionwasaninsuperableaversiontoallkindsofprofitablelabor".Inshort,RipwasabitofafoolintermsoftheidealsofAmericans------------amanwho"wasoneofthosehappymortals,offoolish,well-oileddispositions,whotaketheworldeasy..."
Ripcancommunicatewiththatperpetualclubofthesages,philosophers,and