游戏在幼儿英语教学中的应用.docx
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游戏在幼儿英语教学中的应用
TheApplicationofGamesinEnglishTeachinginKindergartens
游戏在幼儿英语教学中的应用研究
Contents
ChapterOneIntroduction1
ChapterTowLiteratureReview1
2.1GameinTeaching1
2.1.1DefinitionsofGames1
2.1.2DefinitionsofGameTeaching2
2.1.3AdvantagesofUsingGameTeaching3
2.2TheoreticalFoundations4
2.2.1Krashen’sSecondLanguageAcquisitionTheory………………………..4
2.2.2Gamerelaxation…………………………………………………………4
2.2.3Thetheoryofelasticity…………………………………………………5
2.3RelevantStudiesonGameTeachingatHomeandAbroad5
2.3.1RelevantStudiesonGameTeachingAbroad5
2.3.2RelevantStudiesonGameTeachingatHome6
ChapterThreeMethodology7
3.1ResearchQuestions7
3.2Participants7
3.3ResearchInstruments7
3.3.1Tests7
3.3.2ClassObservationSheets8
3.4ResearchProcedure9
3.4.1TheStageofPreliminaryResearch9
3.4.2TheStageofPre-testandTeachingExperiment9
3.4.3TheStageofPost-testandDataAnalysis9
ChapterFourConclusion10
5.111
Abstract
近年来,幼儿英语教育在我国得到了越来越多的关注。
家长的期望,小学入学的压力以及幼儿园自身发展的需要,使得在幼儿园开展幼儿教育呈现普通化趋势。
然而,幼儿英语教育在我国起步不久,缺乏统一的标准,加之英语教师自身的能力水平的限制以及家长过高的期望,使得幼儿园教育忽视幼儿身心发展特点和幼儿园教育目标,仿照小学英语课堂教学发放,幼儿园英语教育呈现“小学化”倾向。
同时。
幼儿园英语教育目标没有的得到更好的认识和贯彻。
实际上,很多幼儿园英语教学中过分重视幼儿掌握多少单词,不重视幼儿听说能力和英语学习兴趣的培养。
综合幼儿的身心发展特点和幼儿英语教学目标,游戏是最实用最合适的教学手段。
尽管这种观念已为大多数幼儿园英语教师所知悉,但在很多幼儿园英语课堂中,游戏只是愉悦儿童身心、活跃课堂气氛的工具,并未真正与幼儿英语教育目的相结合。
更不用说实现帮助儿童从玩中学的英语教学目标。
目前关于游戏教学的研究多集中于游戏在小学英语教学的应用和幼儿园游戏教学的现状、问题以及对策上。
对于游戏教学应用于幼儿园英语教学所进行的实证研究比较少见。
Inrecentyears,preschoolEnglishteachinghasbeenattachedmoreandmoreimportancetoinChina.Duetoparents’expectationstobeenrolledinkeyelementaryschoolsandthedevelopmentalneedsofkindergartensthemselves,ithasbeenpopularizedtocarryoutpreschoolEnglisheducationinkindergartensinChina.However,sincethereisnounifiedstandardforpreschoolEnglisheducation,andtheteachers’teachingskillsarelimited,teachingmodelsandmethodsinelementaryschoolsarecopiedinEnglishclassesofmanykindergartenswithoutconsideringchildren’sphysicalandpsychologicaltraits.Meanwhile,Englishteachingaimsinkindergartensareimproperlyunderstoodandimplemented,withmoreimportanceattachedtovocabularychildrenmemorizethantochildren’slistening,speakingandlearninginterest.
Givenchildren’sphysicalandmentalcharacteristicsandpreschoolEnglishteachingaims,gamesarethemostsuitableteachingmeans.AlthoughitisknowntomostEnglishteachersinkindergarten,inalargenumberofactualEnglishclasses,gamesareusedasatime-filler,aninstrumenttocheerchildrenupinsteadofachievingEnglishteachingaims.Atpresent,studiesonthegameteachingmainlyfocusoneitherapplicationinEnglishteachingofprimaryschools,oronthecurrentsituations,problemsandcorrespondingstrategiesonthegameteachinginkindergartens.FewempiricalresearchesareconductedtoexploretherelationshipbetweenthegameteachinginpreschoolEnglishclassandEnglishteachingeffects.
ChapterOneIntroduction
随着经济的发展和社会的进步,学英语已经成为一种社会潮流和趋势。
成人在学英语、学生在学英语、幼儿也在学习英语。
其中。
幼儿的英语学习比较有特殊意味,教育要从小抓起,幼儿是祖国的花朵,需要用心培养。
幼儿英语的教育现象一般是3—12岁的孩子,在这个阶段的孩子好奇心强,也比较好动、好玩、好胜、善于模仿。
这个阶段的英语学习,主要依靠孩子的兴趣。
爱因斯坦曾经说过:
“兴趣是最好的老师”。
游戏因其形式活泼,符合孩子的天性,有利于激发幼儿英语学习的兴趣。
英语游戏教学是现在幼儿英语课堂教学的一种重要而常用的教学模式。
因此,本文通过阐述教游戏与游戏教学的概念,并分析其优点;其次介绍游戏教学的相关理论基础以及国内外的研究。
还通过调查研究,了解幼儿当前幼儿教学中运用游戏教学的现状以及影响。
最后选取美羊羊幼儿园的小朋友为实验对象,将教学设计运用于教学中,让学生在游戏教学中进行英语知识的学习,使学生在游戏中找到学习英语的兴趣,做到“寓教于乐”
Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtheprogressofthesociety,Englishhasbecomeatrendofthesociety.AdultsarelearningEnglish,studentsarelearningEnglish,andchildrenarelearningEnglish.Amongthem,Children'sEnglishlearninghasmorespecialmeansthateducationshouldstartfromchildhood,childrenaretheflowersofthemotherlandanditneedtocultivate.Children'sEnglisheducationphenomenonisgenerally3-12yearoldchildren,inthisstagethechildrenarecuriousandactive,funandcompetitive,andisgoodatimitating.ThisstageofEnglishlearning,mainlyrelyonthechild'sinterest.Einsteinoncesaid:
"interestisthebestteacher".Thegameisintheformoflively,inaccordancewiththechild'snatureandisconducivetostimulateinterestinlearningEnglish.EnglishgameteachingisakindofimportantandcommonlyusedteachingmodeinEnglishteaching.Therefore,thisarticledescribestheconceptofteachinggamesandgameteaching,andanalyzesitsadvantages.Secondly,itintroducestherelevanttheoreticalbasisanddomesticandforeignresearch.Andknowingthesituationandtheinfluenceofgameteachingthatisgettingthroughinvestigationandresearch.FinallyselectedRuihaikindergartenkidsastheexperimentalobject,theteachingdesignwasappliedtotheteaching,students'knowledgeofEnglishlearningintheteachingofthegame,makestudentsfindlearningEnglishinterestinthegame,do"edutainment"
ChapterTowLiteratureReview
2.1GameinTeaching
2.1.1DefinitionsofGames(维基百科)
Agameisstructuredplaying,usuallyundertakenforenjoymentandsometimesusedasaneducationaltool.[1]Gamesaredistinctfromwork,whichisusuallycarriedoutforremuneration,andfromart,whichismoreoftenanexpressionofaestheticorideologicalelements.However,thedistinctionisnotclear-cut,andmanygamesarealsoconsideredtobework(suchasprofessionalplayersofspectatorsportsorgames)orart(suchasjigsawpuzzlesorgamesinvolvinganartisticlayoutsuchasMahjong,solitaire,orsomevideogames).
Keycomponentsofgamesaregoals,rules,challenge,andinteraction.Gamesgenerallyinvolvementalorphysicalstimulation,andoftenboth.Manygameshelpdeveloppracticalskills,serveasaformofexercise,orotherwiseperformaneducational,simulational,orpsychologicalrole.
2.1.2DefinitionsofGameTeaching
AccordingtoDictionaryofEducation,gameteachingisaninstructionalmethod,whichcombinesteachingcontentandinterestinggamesincompliancewithteachingsyllabus.
Definitionsofgameteachingarequitesimilar,mostscholarsreachedanagreementthatgameteachingisaninstructionalmethodwhichintegratefunofgamesintoteachingprocess,whichcanchangemonotonouslanguageknowledgeandteachingprocedureintovivid,interestingandfascinatinggamesandthusconstructharmoniouslycommunicativecontextorfiercecompetition.Inthiskindofteachingactivities,studentscanlearnandgraspknowledgeorskillsunconsciously.Notonlycangameteachinghelpachieveinstructionalaimsmoreeasilyandmoreefficiently,butitcanalsomakeitpossibleforchildrentolearnfromfunundertheguidanceofteachers.
2.1.3AdvantagesofUsingGameTeaching(张静)
1.有效的调动幼儿学习英语的动机
对于幼儿来说,其性格和学习方式都是影响学习效果的重要因素,因此,教师应该充分考虑到幼儿的特点,在课程设置的过程中结合幼儿的特性来进行。
幼儿的学习就是建立在游戏的基础上,所以,教师应该保持整个课程气氛的自由,提升课程的趣味性,让幼儿对英语产生浓厚的情趣,这样才可从根本上调动幼儿的学习动机,提升教学的水平。
1.GamescanremovethemotivationoflearningEnglisheffectively.Forkindergartens,theirpersonalityandlearningstyleareimportantfactorsthataffectthelearningeffect.Therefore,teachersshouldtakefullconsiderationofthecharacteristicsofyoungchildren,andcombinethecharacteristicsofthechildrenintheprocessofcurriculumsetting.Thechildren'slearningisbuiltonthefoundationofthegame.Therefore,teachersshouldmaintainthefreedomofthewholeatmosphereofthecurriculumandpromotecourseinteresting,letthechildrentogetmoreinterestinginlearningEnglish,soastoremovechildren'slearningmotivationandimprovetheteachinglevelfundamentally.
2.有利于形成和谐的教学关系
从幼儿英语教学中可以看出,教师和学生之间的关系是相对比较基础的关系类型之一,在实际的教学工作中,教师应该根据每个学生的特点来有针对地进行课程的设置,同时还应该在学生们面前树立相对比较良好的形象。
将以人为本的思想融入到课程的教学工作中。
在教学的过程中,还需要不断激发学生们学习的潜能。
这些学习目标的实现都以建立科学融洽的教学气氛为基础和前提。
要让幼儿学生们感受到人格的平等,这样才可以激发学生们学习的主观能动性。
2.Gamesaregoodatgettingtheharmoniousteachingrelationship.ThatcanbeseenfromEnglishteachinginkindergartensthattherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentsisoneofthebasictypesofrelations.Inthepracticalteaching,teachersshouldobeythecharacteristicsofeachstudenttosetupthecurriculum,andmakegoodexampleinfrontofthestudents.Integratetheideaofpeopleorientedtotheteachingofthecourse.Inthecourseofteaching,italsoneedstostimulatethestudents'learningpotential.Therealizationoftheselearningobjectivesisbasedontheestablishmentofaharmoniousteachingatmosphere.Toletthechildrenfeeltheequalityofpersonality,sothatstudentscanstimulatethesubjectiveinitiativeoflearning.
3.通过合作来提升幼儿的交往能力
从现如今的幼儿英语教学工作中可以看出,主要以合作的形式来进行,这也是新课标的基本要求。
通过幼儿之间的合作,可以提升学生们之间的交往能力。
在实际的教学过程中,教师往往会将幼儿们分成不同的小组来进行学习和讨论,这本身就是游戏教学的一种模式,在实际的应用中,幼儿之间必须要进行合作才能够完成教学任务。
可见这种教学手段和传统的教学模式之间存在着严重的差异。
长此以往,幼儿的交往能力必然会得到较大的提升,幼儿在掌握更多英语知识的同时,还可以提升自身的交往能力。
同时,在现实生活中还能够加强和别人的沟通,可见,采用游戏教学法的作用比较明显。
3.Gamesmakechildrengettingthroughcooperationtoenhancetheabilityofcommunication.ItcanbeseenfromEnglishteachingworkinkindergartens,itmainlyintheformofcooperation,thisisthebasicrequirementsofthenewcurriculumstandards.Itcanimprovethecommunicationofchildrenbygettingthroughthecooperation.Intheactualteachingprocess,childrenwillbedividedintodifferentgroupstostudyanddiscussion,whichisamodelofgameteaching.Inthepracticalapplication,thechildrenmustcooperatetocompletetheteachingtask.Thereareseriousdifferencesbetweentheteachingmethodandthetraditionalteachingmode.Continuouslyforalongtime,children'scommunicationabilitywillgetmorepromotion.AnditnotonlymakethechildrenmastermoreknowledgeofEnglish,alsocanimprovetheircommunicationability.Atthesametime,inreallife,itisalsoabletostrengthencommunicationwithothers.Thusitcanbeseen,theroleofthegameteachingmethodismoreobvious.
4.有利于幼儿心理素质的培养