广东省学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题.docx

广东省学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题.docx

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广东省学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题

高二英语上学期期末考试试题

本试卷分第

卷和第

卷两部分，共10页，满分150分。

考试用时130分钟。

注意事项：

1.本试卷分第一部分（选择题）和第二部分（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必用

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第

卷（选择题70分）

第一部分阅读理解（共两节满分40分）

第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

TheCoolestInventions

AnOceansVacuum

There’sacollectionofplastictrashinthemiddleofthePacificOcean.It’sbiggerthanTexasandgrowing.Thewaytocleanitupnowistocatchitwithnets.Thatisbothcostlyandslow.Instead,theOceanCleanupProjectproposesa62-mile-longfloatingbarrierthatwouldusenaturalcurrentstotraptrash.Ifnextyear’strialssucceed,afullcleanupoperationwouldaimtostartin2020.Itcouldreducethetrashby42%over10years.

Easy-OnShoes

In2012,MatthewWalzer,ahighschoolstudentwithadisability,sentanotetoNike.“Mydreamistogotocollege,”hewrote,“withouthavingtoworryaboutsomeonecomingtotiemyshoeseveryday.”Nikeassignedadesignteamtothechallenge.Thisyear,theycameoutwiththeirsolution:

theFlyEase.Thebasketballshoecanbefastenedwithonehand.ApairofNikeFlyEaseshoessellsfor$130.

AnAirportforDrones（无人机）

AsAmazon,Google,andothersgetreadyfordronedeliveryservice,thereisonebigquestion:

Whatkindsofhomebaseswilltheirdroneshave?

Rwanda,inAfrica,mayhavetheanswer.There,workerswillsoonstartworkonthree“droneports”.Thegoalistomakeiteasiertotransportfood,medicalsupplies,electronics,andothergoodsthroughthehillycountryside.Constructionissettobecompletedin2020.

1.What’stheadvantageoftheOceansVacuum?

A.Itcanbeamoney-saver.B.Itcangrowyearbyyear.

C.Itcantearplasticintopieces.D.Itcanbeputintowideusesoon.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutNike?

A.Itoffersfreeshoestothedisabled.

B.Itisdesigningnewshoesfrequently.

C.Itprovidescustomer-friendlyservices.

D.ItrespondedtoMatthew’srequestpassively.

3.WhyisRwandasettingup“droneports”?

A.Becausetherearetoomanydrones.

B.Becauseroadtravelthereisrough.

C.Becausethey’reeasiertoconstructthanroads.

D.Becausetheyarereceptivetonewtechnology.

B

IreallylovemyjobbecauseIenjoyworkingwithsmallchildrenandlikethechallengesandawardsfromthejob.Ialsothinkmyworkisimportant.TherewasatimewhenIthoughtIwouldneverhavethatsortofcareer.Iwasn’tanexcellentstudentbecauseIdidn’tdomuchschoolwork.InmyfinaltermIstartedthinkingwhatImightdoandfoundIdidn’thavemuchtooffer.IjustacceptedthatIwasn’tthetypetohaveacareer.

Ithenfoundmyselfajob—lookingaftertwolittlegirls.Itwasn’ttoobadatfirst.ButtheproblemsbeganwhenIagreedtoliveinsothatIwouldbethereifmybosshadtogooutforbusinessintheevening.WeagreedthatifIhadtoworkextrahoursoneweek,she’dgivemetimeoffthenext.Butunfortunately,itdidn’toftenworkout.Iwasgettingextremelytiredandfedup,becauseIhadtoomanylatenightsandearlymorningswiththechildren.

OneSunday,Iwasintheparkwiththechildren,andmetMeganwhousedtogotoschoolwithme.Itoldheraboutmysituation.ShesuggestedthatIshoulddoacourseandgetaqualification（资格证书）ifIwantedtoworkwithchildren.Ididn’tthinkIwouldbeacceptedbecauseIdidn’ttakemanyexamsinschool.Shepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandtheywerereallyhelpful.MyexperiencecountedforalotandIgotonapart-timecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwiththefamily,andgotworkhelpingoutatakindergarten.

NowI’vegotafull-timejobthere.IshallalwaysbethankfultoMegan.IwishIhadknownearlierthatyoucouldhaveacareer,evenifyouaren’ttopoftheclassatschool.

4.Whatistheauthor’spresentjob?

A.Workingpart-timeinacollege.

B.Takingcareofchildrenforafamily.

C.Helpingchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.

D.Lookingafterchildrenatakindergarten.

5.Whenstayingwiththetwogirls’family,theauthor________.

A.waspaidforextrawork

B.oftenworkedlonghours

C.gotmuchhelpfromherboss

D.tookadayoffeveryotherweek

6.Whydidtheauthorleaveherfirstjob?

A.Shefoundafull-timejob.

B.Shewasfedupwithchildren.

C.Shedecidedtoattendapart-timecourse.

D.Sheneededarestafterworkingextrahours.

7.Whathastheauthorlearnedfromherownexperiences?

A.Lesssuccessfulstudentscanstillhaveacareer.

B.Qualificationsarenecessaryforacareer.

C.Hardworkmakesanexcellentstudent.

D.Onemustchoosethejobonelikes.

C

InsomeislandsnorthofScotland,headlice,whichliveonthehairorskinofpeopleoranimals,wereapartoflife.Ifthelicelefttheirhost,hebecamesickandfeverish.Therefore,sickpeoplehadliceputintheirhairintentionally.Therewasamethodtotheirmadness:

Assoonasthelicehadsettledinagain,thepatientimproved.Thestoryexplainstheconfusionofcauseandeffect.Iftheliceleavethesick,itisbecausehehasafeverandtheysimplygethotfeet.Whenthefeverbreaks,theyreturn.Wemaylaughatthisstory,butfalsecausalitymisleadsuspracticallyeveryday.

Considertheheadline:

“Fact:

WomenWhoUseShampooXYZEveryDayHaveStrongerHair.”Thisstatementsaysverylittle—leastofall,thattheshampoomakesyourhairstronger.Itmightsimplybetheotherwayround:

WomenwithstronghairtendtouseShampooXYZ—andperhapsthat’sbecauseitsays“especiallyforthickhair”onthebottle.

Afurtherexample:

Scientistsfoundthatlongperiodsinthehospitaldidharmtopatients.Thiswasmusictohealthinsurers’ears,who,ofcourse,arekeentomakestaysasbriefaspossible.But,clearly,patientswhoaredismissedimmediatelyarehealthierthanthosewhomuststayonfortreatment.

RecentlyIreadthatstudentsgetbettergradesatschooliftheirhomescontainalotofbooks.Thisstudywassurelyashotinthearmforbooksellers,butitisalsoanexampleoffalsecausality.Thissimpletruthisthateducatedparentstendtovaluetheirchildren’seducationmorethanuneducatedonesdo.Plus,educatedparentsoftenhavemorebooksathome.Inshort,adust-coveredcopyofWarandPeacealoneisn’tgoingtoinfluenceanyone’sgrades;whatcountsisparents’educationlevels,aswellastheirgenes.

Anotherexampleoffalsecausalitywasthesupposedrelationshipbetweenthebirthrateandthenumbersofstork（鹳）pairsinGermany.Bothwereindecline,andifyouplotthemonagraph,thetwolinesofdevelopmentfrom1965to1987appearedalmostthesame.Doesthismeanthestorkactuallydoesbringbabies?

Obviouslynot,sincethiswasapurelyaccidentalconnection.

Inconclusion:

Connectionisnotcausality.Takeacloserlookatlinkedevents:

Sometimeswhatispresentedasthecauseturnsouttobetheeffect,orjusttheotherwayaround.Andsometimesthereisnolinkatall—justlikewiththestorksandbabies.

8.Whichisanexampleoffalsecausality?

A.Womenwithstronghairtendtouseacertainshampoo.

B.Birthrateandthestorkpopulationareconnected.

C.Longerperiodsinthehospitalbenefitpatients.

D.Licecanmakeapersonsickandfeverish.

9.Theunderlinedphrase“ashotinthearm”inParagraph4means_____.

A.painB.defeatC.guidanceD.encouragement

10.Accordingtotheauthor,studentsgetbettergradesprobablybecause_____.

A.theirhomesarefullofbooks

B.theyhavereadWarandPeace

C.theireducatedparentsvalueeducation

D.theirparentsaresuccessfulbooksellers

11.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_____.

A.linkedeventsmayturnouttobeunrelated

B.causeandeffectareinterdependent

C.connectionsaremostlycauseandeffect

D.connectionsarepureaccidents

D

Anartificialintelligencechatbot（聊天机器人）calledTacoBotfromfastfoodchainTacoBellnowletsyouorderamealinasmartphonetextexchangethatmightlooksomethinglikethis:

TacoBot:

Hellothere.I’myourTacBot.Icanhelpyouorderamealforyouoryourteam.

You:

CanIorderonesofttaco（墨西哥煎玉米卷）withbeef?

TacoBot:

Soundsgood.Doyouwanttokeepaddingstuff?

Maybesomebacon?

BrandslikeTacoBellandsometechcompaniesarebettingthatmoreandmorepeoplewillstartusingthisconversationalwayofinteractingonlineinsteadofclickingthroughon-screenmenus.

Ifthetrendcatcheson—asfirmslikeFacebookandMicrosoftexpect—itcouldtransformthedigitallandscapebyallowingsmartphoneuserstofindinformationormakepurchaseswithsimpletextmessages,ignoringappsandsearchengines.AmongthecompaniesalreadydevelopingorlaunchingchatbotsaretheWallStreetJournal,CNNandretailgiantsSephoraandH&M.

“Ibelieveweareheadedtoashiftwherethiswillbecomeoneoftheprimarywaysweinteractwiththedigitalworld,”saysMarkBeccueofMarkBeccueConsulting,whofollowstrendsinthemessagingmarket.“Thechatuserinterface（界面）iswhatmakessenseforamobile-firstworld.Youcanbemorespecificandbequicker.”

Messagingserviceshavebecomeanaturalplaceforchatbotstoreside（居住）,sincetheirusageisgrowing:

atleast1.4billionpeopleusedamessagingapplastyear.AccordingtoBusinessInsiderIntelligence,messagingappshaveovertakenthelargestsocialnetworksintheworld.

ThemessagingserviceKikmeanwhilelauncheditsown“botshop”,withpartnersincludingretailersandgamedevelopers.Kiksaidthemovewasaresponsetothetrendpeopleusingfewerappsandspendingmoretimeonchatplatforms.“There’snothingtodownload,nonewregistrationrequired