新高考英语一轮复习主谓一致2.docx
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新高考英语一轮复习主谓一致2
吉林省长春市实验中学高考英语一轮复习主谓一致2
主谓一致（Subject-VerbAgreement），指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如:
Heisgoingabroad.Theyareplayingfootball. 可分为:
语法一致,内容一致,就近一致.
（一）语法一致原则:
即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数.以下为注意事项:
1.单数主语即使后面带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like（象）,but,except,besides,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan（而不是）,including,inadditionto引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数.
如:
Airaswellaswaterismatter.Nooneexcepttwoservantswaslateforthedinner.
2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.如:
Thepoetandwriterhascome.
Ahammerandasawareusefultools.用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:
breadandbutter（黄油抹面包）,knifeandfork（刀叉）等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
3.不定式（短语）,动名词（短语）,或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.如:
Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.
Whenwe’llgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.
4.用连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数.
Everyboyandeverygirllikestogoswimming.
5.eachof+复数代词,谓语动词用单数.复数代词+each,谓语动词用单数.如:
Eachofushassomethingtosay.
6.若主语中有morethanone或manya/an,尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍用单数。
但more+复数名词+thanone做主语时,谓语动词仍用复数.如:
Manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.
7.none做主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数;但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数.如:
Noneofusare（is）perfect.
8.名词如:
trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数.如:
Hisclothesaregood.但这些名词前若出现apairof,谓语一般用单数.如:
Apairofglassesisonthedesk.
9.形复意单名词如:
news;以ics结尾的学科名称如:
physics,mathematics,economics;国名如:
theUnitedStates;报纸名如:
theNewTimes;书名如:
ArabianNight<天方夜谈>;以及TheUnitedNations<联合国>等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
10.“a+名词+andahalf“,“oneandahalf+名词”,“thenumberof+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数.如:
O
nlyoneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.
注意:
oneortwo+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,如:
Oneortwoplaceshavebeenvisited.参观了一两个地点。
（二）内容一致原则:
1.主语中有all,half,most,therest等
以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:
Therestofthebikesareonsaletoday.60%oftheapplewaseatenbylittleboy.
2.不定数量的词组,如:
partof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,plentyof等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:
Apartofthetextbookshavearrived.Apartoftheapplehasbeeneatenupbythepig.
3.加减乘除用单数.如:
Fifteenminusfiveisten.15减去5等于10。
4.表示时间,金钱,距离,度量等的名词做主语时,尽管是复数形式,它们做为一个单一的概念时,其谓语动词用单数.如:
Tenmilesisagooddistance.
5.
（1）通常作复数的集体名词.包括police,people,cattle等,这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:
TheBritishpolicehaveonlyverylimitedpowers.
（2）通常作不可数名词的集体名词.包括equipment,furniture,clothing,luggage等.
（3）可作单数也可作复数的集体名词.包括audience,committee,government,family,enemy,group,party,team,public等.如:
Thecommitteehas/have
decidedtodismisshim.
6.the+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物,作主语时,谓语动词用复数.如:
Theinjuredweresavedafterthefire.
（三）就近原则:
1.由here,there,where等引导的倒装句中,（有时主语不止一个时）谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如
Herecomesthebus.Hereisapenandsomepiecesofpaperforyou.
2.用连词or,either....or,neither….nor,notonly….butalso等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。
如：
Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit
Heoryouhavetakenmypen.
注意:
oneof+复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词为复数。
如：
Maryisoneofthosepeoplewhokeeppets.
Theonlyoneof+复数名词+who/that./which引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Maryistheonlyoneofthosepeoplewhokeepspets.
巩固训练:
1.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth,therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.
A.are/isB.are/are C.is/areD.are
2.Halfoftheworkershere_____under30_____.
A.is/yearsB.are/yearoldC.is/yearsoldD.are/yearsofage
3.NowTomwithhisclassmates_____footballontheplayground.
A.
playB.areplaying C.playsD.isplaying
4.Thenumberofpagesinthisdictionary_____abouttwothousand.
A.areB.has C.haveD.is
5.Thirtydollars_____tooexpensive.
A.areB.isC.wereD.be
6.Theaudience_____solargethatnoseatwasleftunoccupiedinthegreathall.
A.isB.areC.wasD.has
7.Thesecretaryandprincipal_____atthemeetingnow.
A.arespeakingB.isspeakingC.weremakingaspeechD.haveaspeech
8."Ifanybody_____,pleaseputdown_____name,"saidtheteachertothemonitor.
A.wantstobuythebook/hisB.wanttobuythebook/their
C.willbuythebook/one'sD.wantstohavethebookbought/her
9.Nothingbutonedeskandsixchairs_____intheroom.
A.areB.isstayedC.i
sD.areleft
10.Havingarrivedatthestation,_____.
A.itwasfoundthatthetrainhadleftB.thetrainhadleft
C.thetrainwasfoundleftD.hefoundthatthetrainhadleft
11.Betweenthetworoads_____aTVtowercalled"SkyscraperTower".
A.standsB.standingC.whichstandsD.stand
12.Eitherofyou_____goingtheretonight.
A.willB.wasC.isD.are
13.Youaswell_____right.
A.IareB.IamC.asIamD.asIare
14.AllbutDick_____inClassThree
thisterm.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
15.--ShallIwaithereforthreehours?
--Yes.Threehours_____towaitforsuchadoctor.
A.arenotverylongforyouB.isnotlongenoughforyou
C.wasnotlongenoughforyouD.willbetoolongforyou
16.“All______presentandall______goingonwell”,ourmonitorsaid.
A.isisB.are,areC.areisD.isare
17.ItookmathematicsandphysicsbecauseIthinkthat_____veryimportantformetomakefurtherresearchinthisfield.
A.whatisB.theyareC.thisD.whichare
18.Everystudentandeveryteacher_____.
A.aregoingtoattendthemeetingB.haveattendedthemeeting
C
.hasattendedthemeetingD.isattendedthemeeting
19.Threefourthsofthebread_____byBob,andtherestofthebread_____leftonthetable.
A.waseaten/wereB.wereeaten/was C.wereeaten/wereD.waseaten/was
20.Thispairofshoes_____.
A.isherB.ishers C.arehersD.areher
名校模拟题
1.There______nolifeonthemoon.
A.issaidtohaveB.aresaidtohaveC.issaid
tobeD.aresaidtobe
2.Agroupof______areeating______and______atthefootofthehill
A.sheep;grass;leavesB.sheepsgrassesleavesC.sheep;grassleafD.sheepsgrassleafs
3.Myfamilyraisealotof_______,includingtwo______.
A.cattlescowsB.cowscattleC.cattlecowsD.cow,cattles
4.Whathesaysandwhathedoes_______.
A.doesnotagreeB.donotagreeC.doesnotagreewithD.notagree
5.Theboyandthegirleach______toys.
A.havetheirownB.hastheirownC.haveherownD.hasherown
6.Sheistheonlyoneamongthe______writerswho______storiesforchildren.
A.woman,writ
esB.womenwriteC.womenwritesD.womanwrite
7.Therailwaystationis______fromourschool.
A.twohour`sdriveB.twohours`driveC.twohourdriveD.twohoursdrive
8.MikeandJohn`s______.
A.fatherisateacherB.fathersareteachersC.fatherareteachersD.fathersareteacher
9.Agreatdealoftalkingandlisteningthat______undercasualcircumstancemayseemtobeaimless.
A.isoccurredB.areoccurredC.occursD.occur
10._______theclassroomneedstobecleaned.
A.EithertheofficesorB.TheofficesandC.BoththeofficeandD.Theofficeand
11.Onthewall________twolargepictures.
A.hangsB.hangedC.hangingD.hang
12.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,____ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.
A.workB.workin
gC.isworkingD.areworking
13.Notonly______interestedinfootballbut______beginningtoshowaninterestinit.
A.theteacherhimselfis…allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis…areallhisstude
nts
C.istheteacherhimself…areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself…allhisstudentsare
14.----“Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,_____togotouniversity.”
----“SodoI.”
A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped
15.E-mail,aswellastelephone,______animportantpartindailycommunication.
A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.
hoped
16.Booksofthiskind______well.
A.sellB.sellsC.aresoldD.issold
17.Everypossiblemeans______topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.
A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused
18.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday______yet.
A.are
notdecidedB.havenotbeendecidedC.is
notbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecided
19.
Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferent
reasons.
A.were,wasB.was,wasC.was,wereD.were,were
20.______ofthelandinthatdistrict______coveredwithtreesandgrass.
A.Twofifth…isB.Twofifth…areC.Twofifths…isD.Twofifths…are
21.Alltheemployeesexceptthemanger_______toworkonlineathome.
A.encouragesB.encourageC.isencouragedD.areencouraged
22.About90percentoftheequipmentpresentedbytheadministration，aswellasthefacilitiesofourown，_________madegooduseofinteaching.
A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen
23.Largequantitiesofinformafion，aswellasmethnelyhelp______，sincetheorganizationwasbuilt.
AhasofferedB.hadbeenomredC.havebeenofferedD.isoffered
24.________yourbrotheroryoutoblameforthebrokenTVset?
A.BeB.AreCIsDWere
25.Morethanonehighofficial_______bythepolicesincethemayorwasshotdead.
A.hasbeenquestionedB.havebeenquestionedC.wasquestionedD.werequestioned
主谓一致:
巩固训练1-5BDDDB6-10CBACD11-15ACDAB16-20CBCDB
名校模拟1-5CACBA6-10CBACA11-15DCDBA16-20ACDCC21-25DDCCA
专题九情态动词和虚拟语气
考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟
语气，基本结构为：
主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。
例如：
①Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe______sing，Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.
A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnot
解析句意为：
如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。
that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。
正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：
主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+havedone+其他成分。
例如：
Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter，wecould
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