新高考英语一轮复习主谓一致2.docx

1、新高考英语一轮复习主谓一致2吉林省长春市实验中学 高考英语一轮复习 主谓一致2主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but ,except, besides, as well as, no less

2、than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:

3、bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness. When well go out for an outing has been decided.4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用

4、单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 8. 名词如: trousers,

5、 scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night ; 以及The United Nations 等作主语

6、时, 谓语动词用单数。10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。(二) 内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词

7、单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived. A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 3. 加减乘除用单数

8、.如:Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance. 5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers.(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing,

9、luggage 等.(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after the fire.(三) 就近原则:1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与

10、靠近它的主语在数上一致.如Here comes the bus. Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 2. 用连词or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it He or you have taken my pen.注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的

11、动词为复数。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets.巩固训练:1. About 60 percent of the students _ from the south, the rest of them _ from the north and foreign countries.A. are/is B. are/are C

12、. is/are D. are2. Half of the workers here _ under 30 _.A. is/years B. are/year old C. is/years old D. are/years of age3. Now Tom with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing4. The number of pages in this dictionary _ about two thousand.A. are B. has

13、 C. have D. is5. Thirty dollars _ too expensive.A. are B. is C. were D. be6. The audience _ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.A. is B. are C. was D. has7. The secretary and principal _ at the meeting now.A. are speaking B. is speaking C. were making a speech D. have a speec

14、h8. If anybody _, please put down _ name, said the teacher to the monitor.A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/theirC. will buy the book/ones D. wants to have the book bought/her9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _ in the room. A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left10. Having arri

15、ved at the station, _.A. it was found that the train had left B. the train had leftC. the train was found left D. he found that the train had left11. Between the two roads _ a TV tower called Skyscraper Tower.A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand12. Either of you _ going there tonight.A. wi

16、ll B. was C. is D. are13. You as well _ right.A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A. are B. is C. were D. was15. - Shall I wait here for three hours? -Yes. Three hours _ to wait for such a doctor.A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for yo

17、uC. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you16. “All _present and all _going on well”, our monitor said.A.is is B.are, are C.are is D.is are17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _ very important for me to make further research in this field.A. what is B. they are C.

18、this D. which are18. Every student and every teacher _.A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meetingC. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting19. Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/was C. we

19、re eaten/were D. was eaten/was20. This pair of shoes _. A. is her B. is hers C. are hers D. are her名校模拟题1.There _ no life on the moon.A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are said to be 2.A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hillA. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps g

20、rasses leaves C. sheep; grass leaf D. sheeps grass leafs3.My family raise a lot of _, including two_.A. cattles cows B. cows cattle C. cattle cows D. cow, cattles4.What he says and what he does_.A. does not agree B. do not agree C. does not agree with D. not agree5.The boy and the girl each _ toys.A

21、. have their own B. has their own C. have her own D. has her own6.She is the only one among the _ writers who _stories for children.A. woman, writes B. women write C. women writes D. woman write7.The railway station is _from our school.A. two hours drive B. two hours drive C. two hour drive D. two h

22、ours drive8.Mike and Johns _.A. father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers C. father are teachers D. fathers are teacher9.A great deal of talking and listening that _ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless. A. is occurred B. are occurred C. occurs D. occur10._ the classroom needs to be cl

23、eaned. A. Either the offices or B. The offices and C. Both the office and D. The office and11. On the wall _two large pictures. A. hangs B. hanged C. hanging D. hang 12. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _ on the project day and night to mee t the deadline. A. work B. working C. is working

24、 D. are working13. Not only _interested in football but _beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is all his students are B. the teacher himself is are all his students C. is the teacher himself are all his students D. is the teacher himself all his students are14. -“Each of the s

25、tudents, working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to university.”-“So do I.” A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped15. E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. hoped16. Books of this kind _ well. A. sell B. sells C. are

26、sold D. is sold17. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used18. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not be

27、en decided19. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for differentreasons. A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were20. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifthis B. Two fifthare C. Two fifthsis D. Two fifthsare21.All the empl

28、oyees except the manger_to work online at home. A. encourages B.encourage C.is encouraged D. are encouraged 22.About 90 percent of the equipment presented by the administration，as well as the facilities of our own，_ made good use of in teaching. A.have B .has C.have been D.has been23.Large quantitie

29、s of informafion，as well as methnely help_，since the organization was built. A has offered B.had been omred C.have been offered D.is offered24. _your brother or you to blame for the broken TV set? A.Be B.Are C Is D Were 25. More than one high official _by the police since the mayor was shot dead. A.

30、has been questioned B. have been questioned C. was questioned D.were questioned主谓一致:巩固训练 1-5 BDDDB 6-10 CBACD 11-15 ACDAB 16-20 CBCDB 名校模拟 1-5 CACBA 6-10 CBACA 11-15 DCDBA 16-20 ACDCC 21-25 DDCCA 专题九 情态动词和虚拟语气考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+动词原形+其

31、他成分。例如：If it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not解析 句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。正确答案为C。2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+have done+其他成分。例如：If the weather had been better，we could