4语法温习四定语从句.docx

4语法温习四定语从句.docx

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4语法温习四定语从句

定语从句

（一）定语从句一样由关系代词和关系副词引导

一、关系代词：

who,whom,whose,which,that,as二、关系副词：

when,where,why

.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.

ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.

（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

一、限制性定语从句：

从句与主句关系紧密，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，乃至不合逻辑。

Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.

二、非限制性定语从句：

去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.

（三）利用定语从句时专门注意的几个问题

一、that与which的区别。

1）用that而不用which的情形：

①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。

Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.

ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.

2）用which而不用that的情形：

1）引导非限制性定语从句；2）介词+关系代词。

Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.

Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.

3）as引导定语从句时的用法①as通经常使用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。

Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.

SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.

②通经常使用以下句型：

asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。

AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.

3）as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否按时，经常使用which引导。

Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.

2.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数仍是用复数应由先行词决定。

ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.

ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.

3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.

4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时能够用“介词+which”来代替。

October1,1949wasthedayonwhich（=when）thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部份不拆开。

Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.

6.介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；

Theman（whom/who/that）youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.

选择填空：

1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.

A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when

2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.

A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as

6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when

7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?

A.whoB./C.thatD.when

9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.

A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho

10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.

A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which

11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.

A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking

C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking

12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.

A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed

13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.

A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who

14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.

A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which

15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?

A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose

16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.

A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all

17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.

A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose

18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as

19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.

A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone

20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.

A.whereB./C.whenD.what

21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.

A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich

22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.

A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./

23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.

A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which

24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?

A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose

25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.

A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom

26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.