考研《英语二》真题.docx

考研《英语二》真题.docx

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考研《英语二》真题

2019年考研《英语二》真题（完整版）

SectionIUseofEnglish

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingtext。

Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。

（10points）

　　Happypeopleworkdifferently。

They’remoreproductive，morecreative，andwillingtotakegreaterrisks。

Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firmswork，too。

　　Companieslocatedinplacewithhappierpeopleinvestmore，accordingtoarecentresearchpaper。

2，firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D（researchanddevelopment）。

That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentforthefuture。

　　Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested。

SotheycomparedU.S。

cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas。

　　7enough，firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8。

Butitisreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment，orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?

Tofindout，theresearchescontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvestlikesize，industry，andsales-and-andforindicatorsthataplacewas11tolivein，likegrowthinwagesorpopulation。

Theylinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings。

　　Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms，whichtheauthors13to“lessconfineddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceofyoungerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment。

’’Therelationshipwas15strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16。

Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaces。

　　17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview，theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility。

It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture。

Itsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward–thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage，”saidoneresearcher。

　　1。

[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

　　2。

[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

　　3。

[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

　　4。

[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

　　5。

[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

　　6。

[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

　　7。

[A]sure[B]odd[C]unfortunate[D]often

　　8。

[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

　　9。

[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

　　10。

[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

　　11。

[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

　　12。

[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

　　13。

[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

　　14。

[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

　　15。

[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

　　16。

[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

　　17。

[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

　　18。

[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

　　19。

[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

　　20。

[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendact

　SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts。

AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。

MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。

（40points）

　　Text1

　　It’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege。

Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses，saidTomCortina，theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience。

　　However，Cortinasaid，earlyexposureisbeneficial。

Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience，theylearnthatit’snotjustaconfusing，endlessstringoflettersandnumbers–butatooltobuildapps，orcreateartwork，ortesthypotheses。

It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents。

Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal。

Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap，Cortinasaid。

　　Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege，whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim，whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway。

　　TheFlatironSchool，wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming，startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange。

Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum，but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’reinterestedin，”saidVictoriaFriedman，aninstructor。

Forinstance，oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood。

　　ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook。

Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover，sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket。

Buttheskillstheylearn–howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults–applytoanycodinglanguage，saidDeborahSeehorn，aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina。

　　Indeed，theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall。

Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses。

Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-intheirpockets，intheiroffices，intheirhomes–fortherestoftheirlives，Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink，howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant–theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat–thebetter。

　　21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto_______

　　A。

completefuturejobtraining

　　B。

remodelthewayofthinking

　　C。

formulatelogicalhypotheses

　　D。

perfectartworkproduction

　　22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers，Flatironhasconsideredtheir________

　　A。

experience

　　B。

interest

　　C。

careerprospects

　　D。

academicbackgrounds

　　23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill________

　　A。

helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

　　B。

havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

　　C。

needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

　　D。

enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

　　24.Accordingtothelastparagraph，Flatironstudentsareexpectedto______

　　A。

bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

　　B。

staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

　　C。

becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

　　D。

competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

　　25.Theword“coax”（Line4，Para.6）isclosestinmeaningto________

　　A。

persuade

　　B。

frighten

　　C。

misguide

　　D。

challenge

　　Text2

　　Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates。

Butjustsome22，000birdsremaintoday，occupyingabout16%ofthespecies‘historicrange。

　　ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S。

FishandWildlifeService（USFWS）decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened。

“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation，”saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe。

Someenvironmentalists，however，weredisappointed。

Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered，”astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats。

ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe”threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew，potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches。

Inparticular，theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments，whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction。

andwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken‘shabitat。

　　Undertheplan，forexample，theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill，harm，ordisturbthebird，aslongastheyhadsignedarange—widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat。

NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates，theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat。

Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat，USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67，000birdsoverthenext10years。

AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies（WAFWA），acoalitionofstateagencies，thejobofmonitoringprogress。

Overall，theideaistolet“states”remaininthedriver‘sseatformanagingthespecies，”Ashesaid。

　　Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric。

SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan，andatleastadozenindustrygroups，fourstates，andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourt。

Notsurprisingly，doesn’tgofarenough。

“Thefederalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction，”saysbiologistJayLininger。

　　26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis____。

　　[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

　　[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

　　[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists

　　[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

　　27.The“threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit_____。

　　[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

　　[B]wouldinvolvefeweragencies