人教版高中英语必修二Unit3Computers Learning about language精编课时作业5.docx

人教版高中英语必修二Unit3Computers Learning about language精编课时作业5.docx

《人教版高中英语必修二Unit3Computers Learning about language精编课时作业5.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版高中英语必修二Unit3Computers Learning about language精编课时作业5.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

人教版高中英语必修二Unit3ComputersLearningaboutlanguage精编课时作业5

Unit3ComputersLearningaboutlanguage课时作业

一、阅读理解

A

Ifyoufollowedthe2016RioOlympicGames，youmayhavenoticedthatseveralathletes，includingUSswimmerMichaelPhelps，hadcircularbruisesontheirbodies.Thesebruisesweretheresultsof“cuppingtherapy”，atraditionalChinesemedicinalpracticethathasbeenaroundformorethan2,000years.

Cuppingtherapyinvolvesattachingcircularcupstotheskinusingsuction（吸力）．Thesuctioniscreatedeitherbyheatingthecupinsideorbyusingahandingpump.Thissuctionpullstheskinupwardintothecup.Sometimesitcanleavedarkredbruises，othertimesthereisnomarkatall.

Manyathletessaythattheyhavebenefitedfromthetherapy.Phelpsusedthetherapyinthefallof2014andhasuseditabouttwiceaweeksince，reportedABCNews.AnotherUSswimmer，DanaVollmer，alsobelievesthat“itreallyhelpswithbloodflow，andhelpspullswellingoutofdifferentareas”．

However，somehavesaidthatthesupposedhealtheffectsresultfrompeoplefeelingthatthetreatmentworks，ratherthananyphysicaleffectofthetreatment.

Tofigureoutwhethercuppingtherapyhasanyphysicaleffects，lastyearresearchersfromGermanycarriedoutatestinwhichasham（假装的）treatmentwasprovided.

Inthestudy，thesametypeofcupswereusedintherealtreatmentandtheshamtreatment.Butintheshamtreatment，thecupshadaholeatthetopsothattheycouldn’tcreatethepropersuction.

Thetestedpatients，whosufferedfromadisorder（疾病）thatcausesalotofpain，weretoldthattheywouldreceiveeitheratraditionalcuppingor“softcupping”．Buttheywerenotinformedthatthesocalled“softcupping”wasashamtreatment.

Itturnedoutthatmostpatientscorrectlyguessedwhichkindofcuppingtheyhadreceived.Inbothgroups，patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain.Theresultssuggesttheeffectsofcuppingtherapymightcomefromfactorsthatarenotnecessarilypartofthetreatmentitself，theresearcherstoldtheLiveSciencewebsite.

Thequestionofwhethercuppingtherapyworksstillneedstobeanswered.Butbecausethetreatmentisrelativelysafe，itcouldbehelpfulforsomepeople.“Thetherapycanbeusedasapartofacomprehensivetreatmentprogrammeinvolvingotherexercises，nutritionalchoicesandlifestyleinterventions（干预），”DrBrentBauer，directoroftheUS’MayoClinicComplementaryandIntegrativeMedicineProgramme，toldLiveScience.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了中国传统治疗方式——拔罐，并介绍了针对拔罐是否真的有生理疗效的测试及结果，并指出拔罐可以和其他的治疗方式一起使用。

1．Thepurposeofthetestwasto________.

A．provethehealtheffectsofcuppingtherapy

B．seewhethercuppingtherapyhasaphysicaleffect

C．comparetraditionalcuppingwithsoftcupping

D．comparecuppingtherapy’seffectsondifferentgroupsofpeople

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第五段“Tofigureoutwhethercuppingtherapyhasanyphysicaleffects，lastyearresearchersfromGermanycarriedoutatestinwhichasham（假装的）treatmentwasprovided.”可知，这次测试的目的在于测试拔罐是否有生理疗效。

2．Whatcanbeconcludedaboutthetest?

A．Differenttypesofcupswereusedfordifferentcuppingtherapies.

B．Patientsknewwhichkindofcuppingtheywouldreceivebeforethetreatment.

C．Therealtreatmentandtheshamtreatmentwerealmostequallyeffectiveforpatients.

D．Theresultsshowthattheeffectsofcuppingtherapyresultfrompeople’sbeliefinthetreatment.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段前两句“Itturnedoutthatmostpatientscorrectlyguessedwhichkindofcuppingtheyhadreceived.Inbothgroups，patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain.（大多数的患者能正确地猜出他们接受哪种类型的拔罐治疗，两组患者也都经历了同样的疼痛的减缓）”可知，两种测试对患者来说，有着几乎一样的治疗效果。

3．Accordingtothelastparagraph，.

A．cuppingtherapycanbeusedwithothertreatments

B．cuppingtherapyisrecommendedformostpeople

C．cuppingtherapymustbeusedunderadoctor’sguidance

D．cuppingtherapyisonlyeffectivewhencombinedwithlifestyleinterventions

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“Thetherapycanbeusedasapartofacomprehensivetreatmentprogrammeinvolvingotherexercises，nutritionalchoicesandlifestyleinterventions（干预）．..（拔罐可以作为一项涉及其他锻炼方式、营养品的选择和生活方式干预的综合治疗计划的一部分）”可知，拔罐可以和其他的治疗方式一起使用。

B

Fordecades,publichealthofficialshavepuzzledoverasurprisingfactaboutHIV：

onlyabout10－20percentofinfantswhoarebreastfedbyinfectedmotherscatchthevirus.Testsshow，though，thatHIVisindeedpresentinbreastmilk，sothesechildrenareexposedtothevirusmultipletimesdailyforthefirstseveralmonthsoftheirlives.

Now，agroupofscientistsanddoctorsfromDukeUniversityhavefiguredoutwhythesebabiesdon’tgetinfected.HumanbreastmilknaturallycontainsaproteincalledTenascinCthatneutralizesHIVand，inmostcases，preventsitfrombeingpassedfrommothertochild.Eventually，theysay，theproteincouldpotentiallybevaluableasanHIVfightingtoolforbothinfantsandadultsthatareeitherHIVpositiveoratriskofcontractingtheinfection.

Theresearch，publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,wasinspiredbypreviousworkdonebyotherresearchersshowingthat，bothintissuecultures（组织培养）andlivemice，breastmilkfromHIVnegativemotherswasnaturallyendowedwithHIVfightingproperties.Scientistssuggestedthatafewdifferentproteinsinthemilkcouldpotentiallyberesponsible，butnooneknewwhichone.

Aspartofthestudy，theresearchersdividedbreastmilkintosmallerfractions（部分）madeupofspecificproteinsviaanumberoffilters（过滤器）—separatingtheproteinsbysize，electricalchargeandothercharacteristics—andtestedwhichofthesefractions，whenaddedtoatissueculture，preventedthecellsfrombeinginfectedbyHIV.Eventually，theyfoundthatoneparticularproteinwaspresentinalltheHIVresistantfractionsbutinnoneoftheothers:

TenascinC.

TenascinCworksbyblockingakeyproteinonHIV’senvelopethatnormallytiesuptoareceptoronaTcell’smembranecalledCCR5.Indoingso，TenascinCpreventsHIVfrommixingwiththeTcellandinjectingitsRNAinside.

Still，theresearcherssaythatothernaturalelementsinmilkmightplayaroleinfightingHIVaswell.“It’sclearlynotthewholestory，becausewedohavesamplesthathavelowamountsofthisproteinbutstillhaveHIVneutralizingactivity，”thestudy’sleadauthorPermarsays.“Soitmaybeactinginconcertwithotherantiviralandantimicrobialfactorsinthemilk.”

Whateverthoseotherfactorsare，though，thefindingvindicates（证明）recentchangestoUNguidelinesthatrecommendevenHIVpositivemothersinresourcepoorcountriesshouldbreastfeed，ifthey’retakingantiretroviraldrugstocombattheirowninfection.

Thenextsteps，Permarsays，aredeterminingwhichareaofTenascinCisactiveandwhetheritcaneffectivelypreventtransmissioninaliveanimal.Ifitworks，itcouldpotentiallybeincorporated（并入）intoanHIVdrugwithbroaderapplications.It’sevenpossiblethatitcouldsomedaybeadaptedtoreducetheriskofHIVtransmissioninadultsaswellasinfants.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些科学家对母婴传播HIV的研究活动及相关进展，向人们展现了人类战胜疾病的美好前景。

4．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A．Thebreastmilkfromaninfectedmotherdoesn’tcontainHIVatall.

B．OnlyasmallpercentageofinfantsbreastfedbyinfectedmotherscatchHIV.

C．ThepossibilitiesofinfantscatchingHIVhavenothingtodowithinfectedmothers.

D．Childrenfeedingoninfectedmothers’milkwon’tcatchHIVthoughexposedtoitoften.

答案　B

解析　段落大意题。

根据第一段第一句中的“onlyabout10－20percentofinfantswhoarebreastfedbyinfectedmotherscatchthevirus”可知，虽然是感染了艾滋病病毒的母亲为婴儿哺乳，但这些婴儿染上艾滋病病毒的概率很小。

5．Whydidtheresearchersdividebreastmilkintosmallerfractions?

A．TofindoutTenascinC.

B．Tomakeupspecificproteins.

C．Toaddthemtoatissueculture.

D．Totestwhatpreventscellsfrombeinginfected.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句中的“andtestedwhichofthesefractions，whenaddedtoatissueculture，preventedthecellsfrombeinginfectedbyHIV”可知。

6．WhichofthefollowingaboutTenascinCisTRUE?

A．IthasbecomeaneffectivetoolinfightingHIV.

B．ItisthekeyproteinonHIV’senvelope.

C．Itcanpreventtransmissioninaliveanimaleffectively.

D．IthelpspreventmothertochildtransmissionofHIV.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“HumanbreastmilknaturallycontainsaproteincalledTenascinCthatneutralizesHIVand，inmostcases，preventsitfrombeingpassedfrommothertochild.”以及第五段内容可知，TenascinC可帮助防止母婴传播HIV。

7．WhatcanweknowaboutPermarandtheresearchgroupaccordingtothepassage?

A．TheyhavefoundacureforHIV.

B．TheyhavehelpedchangeUNguidelines.

C．TheywilldomoreresearchonTenascinC.

D．Theirfindingisbasedontheirpreviouswork.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句“Thenextsteps，Permarsays，aredeterminingwhichareaofTenascinCisactiveandwhetheritcaneffectivelypreventtransmissioninaliveanimal.”可知，Permar和他的研究团队将对TenascinC进行更多的研究。

C

Iwassent，atanearlyage，toapublicschoolagainstmymother’swishes，butmyfatherinsistedthatitwastheonlywaytomakeboyshardy.Theschoolwaskeptbyaresponsiblepersonoftheancientsystem;thatistosay，wewereflogged（鞭打）soundlywhenwedidnotgetourlessons.Wewereputintoclassesandfloggedoningroupsalongthehighwaysofknowledge，inthesamemannerascattlearedriventomarket，wherethosethatareheavyinpaceorshortinleghavetosufferforthesuperiorquicknessorlongerlegsoftheircompanions.

Formypart，Iadmititwithshame—Iwasquitepoorinlessons.Ihavealwayshadthepoeticalfeeling.IusedtogetawayfrommybooksandschoolwheneverIcould，andwanderaboutthefields.

InspiteofallthefloggingsIsufferedatthatschooltomakemelovemybook，Icannotbutlookbackupontheplacewithfondness.Indeed，Iconsideredthisfrequentfloggingastheregularmodeinwhichscholarswerem