高中英语 Unit 3 Computers课时作业 新人教版必修2.docx
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高中英语Unit3Computers课时作业新人教版必修2
Unit3 Computers
【导语】 万维网的出现彻底改变了世界,创造了大量的财富并从根本上改变了人们的生活方式。
而它的创始人英国计算机科学家蒂姆·伯纳斯·李对于自己这一成果的现状并不满意。
一起去了解一下这位“万维网之父”吧!
MostpeoplehaveneverheardofTimBerners-Lee.HeisnotnearlyasrichorfamousasMarcAndreessen,whoisthefounderofNetscape,orBillGates,whosenamehasbecomeawell-knownword.
Berners-Lee,whoworksinasmallofficeattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,isthecreatoroftheWorldWideWeb.ThecreationoftheWebissoimportantthatsomepeoplecompareBerners-LeetoJohannGutenberg,whoinventedprintingbymovabletype(活字)inthefifteenthcentury.
Berners-LeewasborninEnglandin1955.Hisparents,whohelpeddesigntheworld'sfirstcommerciallyavailablecomputer,gavehimagreatloveofmathematicsandlearning.
In1980,Berners-LeewenttoworkatCERN,aphysicslaboratoryinGeneva,Switzerland,wherehehadalotofmaterialtolearnquickly.Hehadapoormemoryforfactsandwantedtofindawaytohelphimkeeptrackofthings
hecouldn'tremember.Heinventedasoftwareprogrammethatallowedhimtocreateadocumentthathadlinkstootherdocuments.Hecontinuedtodevelophisideathroughthe1980s.Hewantedtofindawaytoconnecttheknowledgeandcreativityofpeopleallovertheworld.
In1991,hisprojectbecameknownastheWorldWideWeb.ThenumberofInternetusersstartedtogrowquickly.However,Berners-LeeisnotcompletelyhappywiththewaytheWebhasdeveloped.Hethinksithasbecomeapassivetoolforsomanypeople,notthetoolforcreativitythathehadimagined.
【词海拾贝】
1.creator n.创造者
2.commerciallyadv.商业地
3.trackn.轨道
4.softwaren.软件
5.passiveadj.被动的;消极的
【问题思考】
阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.TimBerners-LeeisthefounderofNetscape.( )
2.TimBerners-LeewasanEnglishmanandgotalotofhelpfromhisparents.( )
3.TheWorldWideWebbecamefamousbuthasnotbeendeve-lopedperfectly.( )
答案:
1.F 2.T 3.T
Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对
1.calculate A.简化
2.universalB.完全地;整个地
3.simplifyC.普遍的;通用的;宇宙的
4.logicalD.真实;事实;现实
5.technologyE.人造的;假的
6.artificialF.探索;探测;探究
7.intelligentG.解决;解答
8.solveH.工艺;科技;技术
9.realityI.合逻辑的;合情理的
10.totallyJ.计算
11.applicationK.智能的;聪明的
12.exploreL.应用;用途;申请
答案:
1.J 2.C 3.A 4.I 5.H 6.E 7.K 8.G 9.D 10.B 11.L 12.F
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词
1.________n.目标;目的;球门;(进球)得分
2.________v.&n.发信号;信号
3.________v.&n.类型;打字
4.________vi.出现;发生
5.________adj.电子的
答案:
1.goal 2.signal 3.type 4.arise 5.electronic
Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词
1.__
______:
completechangeinwaysofthinking,working,etc
2.________:
connectedcomputersystem
3.________:
anyway
4.________:
abletobemovedeasilyfromplacetoplace
5.________:
activityofmanagingmoney
答案:
1.revolution work 3.anyhow 4.mobile 5.finance
Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子
fromthenon;asaresult;so...that;goby;inaway;incommon;compare...with;withthehelpof;watchover;dealwith
1.Hardlyaday________whenIdon'tthinkabouther.
2.________withmanymothers,shefeelstornbetweenherfamilyandherwork.
3.Wewereseparatedafterthefilm,and________,Ineversawheragain.
4.________oursmallapartment,ouruncle'shouseseemedlikeapalace.
5.________,itwasoneofourbiggestmistakes.
6.Sheisusedto________allkindsofpeopleinherjob.
7.Theconstructionworkhastostop________oftheheavyrain.
8.Allthevillagersweremovedtosafety________thePLAmen.
9.Theytookturnsto________thechildren.
10.________fatwashe________hecouldn'tgothroughthedoor.
答案:
1.goesby 2.Incommon 3.fromthenon
4.Comparedwith 5.Inaway 6.dealingwith 7.asaresult 8.withthehelpof 9.watchover 10.So that
课文表层理解
Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)
1.Althoughthecomputerwasprogrammedbyanoperatorwhousedcardswithholes,itcouldnot“think”logically.( )
2.FirstasalaptopandthenasaPC,thecomputerhasbeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.( )
3.Thecomputers'memorywasfirststoredontransistors,thenintubesandlateronverysmallchips.( )
4.Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforthecomputer.( )
5.Theuseofthecomputeristoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.( )
答案:
1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T
Ⅱ.读课文,回答问题
1.Inwhatorderisthispassagearranged?
(within2words)Intheorderof________.
答案:
time
2.Whoisthespeaker“I”inthepassage?
(within2words)
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Acomputer.
3.Howdoyouthinkthisarticleiswritteninthefirstperson?
(within20words)
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Itcanmakethearticlemoreeffectivetounderstandandattractthereaders.
4.Fillintheblankwiththewordsfromthesecondparagraph.(within5words)
Thecomputer'sshapewasgreatlychanged________thememorystoredinsmallerandsmallerspace.
答案:
asaresultof
5.Whydo“I”feelveryhappynowaccordingtothelastpara-graph?
(within15words)
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Because“I”
amahelperanddevotedfriendofthehumanrace.
Ⅲ.读课文完成表格
1642
Thecomputerbeganasa1.________machine.
1822
The2.________machinewasbuiltbyCharlesBabbage
anditwasthestartof3.________intelligence.
1936
AlanTuringwroteabooktodescribehowcomputerscouldbemadetoworkasa4.________machine.
1940s
Becauseinformationcanbestoredintubes,oron
5.________andlateronverysmall6.________,computersbecamesmaller.
1960s
Thefirstfamilyofcomputerswas7.________toeachotherbya8.________.
1970s
Computerswereusedinofficesand9.________.
now
Computers10.________peopleallovertheworldtogether.
答案:
1.calculating 2.analytical 3.artificial 4.universal
5.transistors 6.chips 7.connected work
9.homes 10.connect
课文深层理解
Ⅰ.读课文,完成下列各题
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
Thepassageisashort________ofthe________ofcomputers.
答案:
history development
2.Findoutthekeysentenceofeachparagraph:
①_____________________________________________________
②_____________________________________________________
③____________________________________________________
答案:
①OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealo
t.
②Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.
③Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.
Ⅱ.单项选择
1.Whatistheoldestcalculatorintheworld?
A.Calculator.B.Abacus.C.PC.
答案:
B
2.Whatmightyouusuallyusetoaddmanynumbersupinanexam?
A.PC.B.Hugecomputer.C.Calculator.
答案:
C
3.Inourdailylife,whichiswidelyusedtodealwithalargeamountofinformation?
A.Robot.B.Laptop.C.Abacus.
答案:
B
4.Whatdoyouthinkofthefuturecomputers?
A.Smallerandsmarter.
B.Largerandfaster.
C.Smallerbutslower.
答案:
A
5.Ifyouwanttosendalonglettertoyourfriend,thebestwayis________.
A.bytelephoneB.byplaneC.bye-ma
il
答案:
C
Ⅲ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语
1.IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
我发展非常缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2.Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom,andIwonderedifIwouldgrowanylarger.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
到20世纪40年代,我有一个房间那么大,我想知道我是否会变得更大。
3.Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
随着时间的推移,我被制作得更小了。
4.Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
自从20世纪70年代开始,人们发现了我的许多新用途。
5.Anyhow,mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
不管怎样,我的目标是给人们提供高质量的生活。
写一篇想象作文
一、想象作文的分类
想象作文可分为两类:
一是写自己的设想、追求、愿望、梦境的习作,这类习作往往与科幻结合在一起。
另一类是童话,运用“拟人”手法,把各种动植物、物品想象成“人”,通过有趣的故事,告诉读者某个道理。
二、写好想象作文需做到以下几点
1.要大胆想象:
写想象作文,一定要展开想象的翅膀,大胆想象。
2.想象要合理:
想象是以生活为基础的,因此我们写想象作文,一定要从生活实际出发,展开合理的想象,不能脱离实际。
另外,想象要有所节制,要有一定的中心,要为表现文章的中心思想服务。
3.想象的内容要具体,切忌说空话。
4.要表达自己的真情实感。
想象作文是自己对未来的幻想,饱含着自己对美好生活的热爱和向往。
因此,我们在写想象作文时也应该在描写未来的同时表达自己的真情实感。
三、典型句式
1.Peoplewillbecome...inthefuture.
2.Ithink...inthefuturewillbemoreinterestingandwonderful.
3.What...willlooklikeinthefuture?
4.Haveyoueverthoughtabout...inthenext30or50years?
5.Wecanimaginethat...
6.Inaddition,therewillbesupercomputersorrobotswhichcanhelpusdo...
7.Greatchangeswilltakeplaceinthefuture.
8.Ibelievemydreamwillcometruesomeday.
9.Ibelievethisdaywillcometrue.
你校举行科技节,有一项发明很吸引外来参观者的眼球,你作为发明者向参观者介绍你的发明(护理机器人),请按以下表格内容介绍。
写作要求
1.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
2.词数100左右;
3.注意:
开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。
【写作要点】
本文为一篇介绍机器人的想象性作文,属于说明文,介绍机器人的功能时应该条理清楚、用词准确。
可能用到的表达方式:
helpdosth帮助做某事;respondtosimplespokencommands回应简单的口头指令;assoonaspossible/assoonassbcan尽可能快地。
【范文点评】
范文
点评
Ladies_and_gentlemen,
I'dliketointroduceyousomethingaboutmyrecentinve
ntion—arobot,①whose_name_is_RIBA.
I②designed_the_robot_to_looklikeafriendlybear,③since_an_android_would_scare_the_patients.Nowadays,manyhospitalshavebeen④having_trouble_findingnursesandthepopulationgrowsold,soIhoperobotswill⑤help_(to)_solvetheproblem.RIBAcannotonlyhelpcarrythepatientsfromthechairtothebed,butalso⑥respond_tosimplespokencommandsandrecognizeco-workers.
Ihopemyinventionwillbeintroducedtohospitals⑦as_soon_as_possible.
Thank_you.
本文结构清晰,用词准确,行文连贯紧凑。
一些短语、复合句等的使用使文章语言丰富,更具有可读性,如①whose引导的非限制性定语从句,②designsthtodosth,③since引导的原因状语从句,④havetr
oubledoingsth,⑤help(to)dosth,⑥respondto,⑦assoonaspossible等
最近,某英语报纸正在组织一次英语征文活动,邀请读者围绕“Scienceandtechnologyischangingourlifegreatly”这个话题,谈谈科学技术给我们的日常生活带来的变化。
请你根据图片中的提示写一篇英语短文应征,谈谈你家三代人购物生活的变化,并畅想未来的购物方式。
注意:
词数100左右。
参考词汇:
供销社SupplyandMarketingCooperative
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