unit6howamericalives练习答案.docx

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unit6howamericalives练习答案

Unit6

HowAmericaLives

ConsolidationActivities

I.TextComprehension

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamajoraspectoftheAmericanlifediscussedbytheauthor

A.Agricultureandtransportation.

B.Marriageandwomen'ssocialstatus.

C.Socialwelfareandeducation.

D.Familyvalueandhousing.

Key:

[A]

2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.

1）.Youngpeoplestillgetmarried,butthedivorcerateishigherthantheremarriageratebecausemanydon'twanttoraisechildren.[F]

2）.Theauthorwelcomesthefreerpatternsoftoday'scourtshipandmarriagebecausemanyyoungkidsofhistimesufferedbitterly.[T]

3）.Todaystillveryfewwomeninuniversitiesaregoinguptotheathleticprogramsanddemandingajustshareofthephysicaleducationbudget.[F]

4）.Americanpublicschoolstodayareinferiortothosedecadesago.[T]

5）.Buildersseemnotwillingtoerectsmallhomesforyoungmarriedcouplesbecauseitisnotveryprofitable.[T]

II.WritingStrategies

Thistextisanessayofexposition,foritpresentssolidfactsandmajorproblemsaboutAmericansociallife,thoughthewriterinsertshisownideasattimes.Thewholearticleisclearlyorganized,concentratingonthemajorchangesandproblemsincurrentAmericansociety.Theparagraphsaredevelopedbythedeductivemethod.Eachparagraphcontainsatopicsentence,whichisproved,explained,orillustrated.Forexample,eachofthefirstthreeparagraphsbeginswithatopicsentence.Canyoupointoutthetopicsentencesofparagraphs4-8

Itiseasytoseethateachparagraphstartswithatopicsentence:

Paragraph4:

"Americanwomenarechangingtherules."

Paragraph5:

"Americaisworriedaboutitsschools."

Paragraph6:

"SomeAmericansmustliveonwelfare."

Paragraph7:

"Americacannotfindhousingforitsyoungfamilies."

Paragraph8:

"Ourprospectsarestillgood."

Inordertoimpressivelyillustrate,prove,orsupportthetopicstatements,theauthoremploysvariouswritingstrategies,suchascomparisonandcontrastthatareusedtoshowthesimilaritiesanddifferencesconcerningtheissuesunderdiscussion.Forinstance,thebeginningparagraphcontainsfivesentencesthattellustherelevantsimilaritiesanddifferencesbymeansofcomparisonandcontrast.Canyoupickoutsomesentencesinotherparagraphsthatshowarelevantcontrast

InParagraph2:

"The1980election,especiallyfortheSenateandHouseofRepresentatives,signaledadecidedturntotherightinsofaraspoliticalandsocialattitudeswereconcerned.Itisasifourcountryspentthe1960sand1970sjealouslybreakingoutofoldrestraintsandnowwishestoputthebrakeson,ascautiouspeopleoftendoafterabinge."

InParagraph4:

"ThirtyyearsagoIcouldnothaveimaginedagroupofwomenemployeessuingamajorcorporationformillionsofdollarsofsalarywhich,theyalleged,hadbeendeniedthembecausetheyhadbeendiscriminatedagainst.NorcouldIimaginewomeninuniversitiesgoinguptothemenwhorantheathleticprogramsanddemandingajustshareofthephysicaleducationbudget.Buttheyaredoingthis—andwiththesupportofmanymenwhorecognizethejusticeoftheirclaims."

InParagraph5:

"IfIhadachildtoday,Iwouldsendherorhimtoaprivateschoolforthesakeofsafety,forthedisciplinethatwouldbeenforcedandfortherigorousacademicrequirements.ButIwoulddoubtthatthechildwouldgetanybettereducationthatIdidinmygoodpublicschool.Theproblemisthatgoodpublicschoolsarebecomingpitifullyrare,andIwouldnotwanttotakethechancethattheoneIsentmychildrentowasinadequate."

InParagraph6:

"Inthebadolddaysshemighthaveknowndestitution,butwithfamilyassistanceshewasabletoholdherchildrentogetherandproducedthreefine,tax-payingcitizens."（Thissentenceimpliesacontrast:

itisnotthecasenowadays.）

InParagraph9:

"IthinkofAmericaashavingtheoldestformofgovernmentonearth,becausesincewestartedourpresentdemocracyin1789,everyothernationhassufferedeitherparliamentarychangeorrevolutionarychange."

Ascanbeseeninthetext,thetoneismainlyobjective,anditisdefiniteandresolutewhenthewriterexpressesobligationsaswellashisattitudesoropinions.Forexample,inParagraph6,wefindtwosentences:

"SomeAmericansmustliveonwelfare."and"…somekindofsocialwelfareassistancemustbedoledouttothosewhocannotfindjobs."ThesetwosentencesresolutelyexpressthemoralobligationtothoseAmericanswhocannotfindjobsandmakethewriter'sattitudeabsolutelyclear.Nowlistsomeotherexamplesinthetexttoshowthatthetoneisdefiniteorresolutewhenthewriterexpressesobligationsandhisattitudesoropinions.

Thefollowingexamplesshowthedefiniteorresolutetoneofthewriter.

InParagraph1:

"Inatimeofrapidchangeitisessentialthatwerememberhowmuchoftheoldweclingto."

InParagraph2:

"Weshouldexpecttoseeareaffirmationoftraditionalfamilyvalues,sharprestraintsonpornography,areturntoreligionandarejectionofcertainkindsofsociallegislation."

InParagraph3:

"Withoutreservation,Iapplaudthefreerpatternsoftoday,althoughIbelievethatit'sbeendifficultforsomefamiliestohandlethechanges."

InParagraph5:

"Theproblemisthatgoodpublicschoolsarebecomingpitifullyrare,andIwouldnotwanttotakethechancethattheoneIsentmychildrentowasinadequate."

InParagraph7:

"Americacannotfindhousingforitsyoungfamilies.IconsiderthisthemostseriousdangerconfrontingfamilylifeinAmerica,andIamappalledthattheconditionhasbeenallowedtodevelopForamajornationtoshowitselfimpotenttohouseitsyoungpeopleisadmittingafailurethatmustbecorrected."

III.LanguageWork

1.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.

1）.Theybelongtochurches,eventhoughtheyattendsomewhatlessfrequently.

believeinChristianityandaremembersoftheChristianchurches

2）.The1980electionsignaledadecidedturntotherightinsofaraspoliticalandsocialattitudeswereconcerned.

insofaras:

totheextentthat;wereconcerned:

wereinvolved

3）.Withoutreservation,Iapplaudthefreerpatternsoftoday.

Withwhole-heartedsupport

4）.Foramajornationtoshowitselfimpotenttohouseitsyoungpeopleisadmittingafailurethatmustbecorrected.

todisplayitsinability

5.Wehaveaphysicalsettingofremarkableintegrity.

anextraordinarilyunspoiltphysicalenvironment

2.Fillineachblankwithoneofthetwowordsfromeachpairintheirappropriateformsandnotethedifferenceofmeaningbetweenthem.

restraintconstraint

1.Optionsareofferedsubjecttostaffavailabilityandtimetableconstraints.

2.Remindingallconcernedthatviolencebreedsviolence,theyrepeattheirappealforcalmandrestraint.

3.Theappalledchiefwarnedhisviolentofficerstoshowrestraint.

4.Wehavejustbeenlookingatthenumberofcoalmineaccidents,andtheycancertainlybeabigconstraintonwhatChinaisstrivingfor.

expecthope

1.Weareexpectingrainagainlatethisafternoonaccordingtotheweatherreport.

2.Adrawseemstobethebesttheycanhopefor.

3.Ican'tmanagethatbymyself,andIdon'tseewhyitshouldbeexpectedofmeeither.

4.Diplomatshopethemeetingswillhelpbuildmutualtrust.

rejectionrefusal

1.TherejectionoftheplanbytheCongressthreeweeksagoledtoamajorprotestbytheadministration.

2.TheirrefusaltocompromisewillinevitablyinvitemorecriticismfromtheUN.

3.Hisrefusaltotalkwassheerstubbornness.

4.Therejectionofsuchinitiativesindicatesthatthevotersareunconcernedaboutenvironmental

allegeassert

1.Mr.HelmplannedtoassertthatthebillviolatedtheFirstAmendment.

2.Shehasstrongfeelingsabouttheallegedgrowthofviolenceagainstfemaleofficers.

3.TheNordiccountrieshavebeenquicktoasserttheirinterestinthedevelopmentoftheBalticcountries.

4.Theenquirerdugdeeperintotheallegedfinancialmisdeedsofhisgovernment.

3.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromthebox,usingitsappropriateform.

allegeprospectponderrecipientdiscriminatedcompassionatedestitutiongrievouslyreaffirmationdreadfulbingedole

1）.Whenhisprospectiveemployerslearnedthathesmoked,theysaidtheywouldn'thirehim.

2）.Inhimthepolaritiesoflifeareresolvedandbalanced,maleandfemale,strengthandcompassion,severityandmercy.

3）.Inarticulateandrathershy,hehadalwaysdreadedspeakinginpublic.

4）.Allegationsofbrutalityandthefthavebeenleveledatthearmy.

5）.Ourgovernmentcannotkeepdolingoutmoneytothosewhoarefastidiousaboutthejobsofferedtothem.

6）.Hewasdeeplygrievedbythesufferingsofthecommonpeople.

7）.Manystudieshaveshownthat"restrainedeaters"willeventuallybingeandrelapse.

8）.Hereaffirmedhiscommitmenttothecountry'seconomicreformprogram.

4.Makeasentenceofyourownforeachofthegivenwordswithmeaningsotherthanthoseusedinthetext.Youmaychangethepartofspeechofthesewords.

1）.couple

Over-useofthosedrugs,coupledwithpoordiet,leadstophysicaldegeneration.

2）.tax

Overcrowdinghastaxedthecity'sabilitytodealwithwaste.

3）.turn

Sheannouncedthatshewasgoingtoturnprofessional.

4）.just

It'snotjustafinancialmatter.

5）.sharp

Inthehotsuntherain-washedherbssmelledsharp,spicy,andsweetallatonce.

6）.husky

Hisvoicewashuskywithgrief.

5.Fillineachblankwithaconjunct,selectedfromthosesuppliedin