英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案.docx

英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案.docx

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英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案

2020年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案

　　SectionC

　　Directions：

Thereare2passagesinthissection．Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.，B.，C.andD.．YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre．

　　PassageOne

　　Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage．

　　Theysaythatsticksandstonesmaybreakyourbones，butwordswillneverhurtyou．Yetchildhoodbullyingreallycandamageyourlong-termhealth．

　　Gonearethedayswhenbullyingwasconsideredaninevitableandultimatelyharmlesspartofgrowingup—iustlastmonthwelearnedthatchildhoodbullyingcanleadtopoorermental　healthevenintomiddleage．

　　NowWilliamCopelandatDukeUniversityinDurham，NorthCarolina，andhiscolleagueshaveshownthatitcanhavelingeringphysiologicaleffectstoo．Theytracked14209-year-oldsrightthroughtheirteens．Eachchildwasseenuptoninetimesduringthestudyandquizzedaboutbullying．TheteamthenmeasuredlevelsofC-reactiveproteinintheirblood．CRPisamarkerofinflammation（炎症）linkedtohigherriskofcardiovasculardisease（心血管疾病）andproblemslikediabetes．

　　“Becausewewerecollectingbiologicalsamplesthroughout，wewereabletolookatCRPlevelsinsubjectspriortotheirbullyinginvolvement．”saysCopeland．“Thisreallygivesusanideaofthechangesbullyingbringsabout．”

　　AlthoughCRPlevelsnaturallyriseineveryoneduringadolescence，levelswerehighestinchildrenwhoreportedbeingtormentedbybullies．Evenattheagesof19and21，childrenwhohadoncebeenbulliedhadCRPlevelsabout1．4timeshigherthanpeerswhowereneitherperpetratorsnorvictims．Inacrueltwist，thebullieshadthelowestlevelsofall．suggestingtheydidn’tsufferthesamehealthrisks．Theymayevenseeabenefitfromtheirbehavior,thoughCopelandstressesitdoesn’tvindicate（辩护）theiractions．“Thegoalwouldinsteadbetofindotherwaystoproducethisprotectiveeffectwithoutitbeingatsomeoneelse’sexpense，”hesays．

　　AndreaDaneseatKing’sCollegeLondonhaspreviouslyshownthatmaltreatmentduringchildhoodcanleadtohiglllevelsofinflammationinadultlife．“Thisnewstudyisahelpfuladditioninshowingthattheseeffectsextendtoanotherimportantchildhoodstressor,”hesays．HesuggeststhatcareworkerscouldmonitorlevelsofCRPinchildrenhavingpsychotherapytoseeifitishelpingtosoothethestressofbeingbullied．

　　56．WhatdoyouknowaboutCRP?

　　A.Itisasymboloftheinflammation．

　　B.Itisasymbolofcardiovascular．

　　C.Itrelatesdirectlytodiabetes．

　　D.Itisasymbolofphysiologicaleffectscausedbybullying．

　　57．WhatdoesCopelandmeanbysaying“priortotheirbullyinginvolvement”（Line2，Para．4）?

　　A.Beforethechildrenbulliedothers．

　　B.Beforethechildrenwerebullied．

　　C.Inpreferencetothechildren’sbullyingbehavior．

　　D.Inpreferencetothechildren’sbeingbullied．

　　58．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph5?

　　A.ThelevelsofCRPofthechildrenbeingbulliedaremuchhigherthantheirpeers．

　　B.CRPlevelsnaturallyrisealongwiththeincreaseofage．

　　C.Thebulliesarenotblamedforthehealthrisksofthebullied．

　　D.Copelandintendstodefendthebenefitofthebullies’actions．

　　59．WhatdoesAndreaDanesesuggestaboutchildhoodmaltreatment?

　　A.Ithasnothingtodowithinflammationinadultlife．

　　B.Copeland’sstudyshowsnothingrelatedtoit．

　　C.CRPisthemarkerofchildhoodabuse．

　　D.IthasaninfluenceonChildren’sCRPlevels．

　　60．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Bullyingisharmlesstochildren’sgrowth．

　　B.CRPlevelsreflecttherisksofpoorerhealth．

　　C.Bullyingdoesharmtoapersonallthroughhislife．

　　D.ChildrenoncebulliedhavehigherCRPlevelsthanpeerswhoarenot．

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage．

　　Here’sacasestudyforwould-beMBAstoconsider：

thesuccessofHMart．aninternationalsupermarketchainbasedinNewJersey（the“H”inHMartstandsforHanAhReum．whichmeans“onearmfullofgroceries”inKorean）．TllefirstHMartopenedinQueens，NewYorkin1982，asacornershop．Nowtherearestoresin11states，CanadaandBritain．AnewonerecentlyopenedinCambridge．

　　Massachusetts，anaffluentcityoutsideBoston．

　　ThefuturelooksbrightforAsiansupermarketslikeHMart．EamingsofAsian-AmericanhouseholdsoutpacetheAmericanaverage．Theirspendingexceedsallothergroups，too，accordingtoGeoscape，aconsultancy．AndtheyspendmoreoftheirmoneyongroceriesthantheaverageAmericahousehold．ButAsiandelicaciescanbehardtocomeby：

fewAmericansarelikelytoseedurianorbambooshootsintheirlocalshop．Somespecialtyingredientsareonlytobefoundatapremium（高价）inup-marketgrocerystores，ormilesaway,inethnicmarketsino