The different table manners between Chinese and western countries中西方餐桌礼仪的差异.docx

The different table manners between Chinese and western countries中西方餐桌礼仪的差异.docx

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ThedifferenttablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountries中西方餐桌礼仪的差异

中西方餐桌礼仪的差异

ThedifferenttablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountries

一、课题（论文）提纲

引言

1.餐桌礼仪的重要性；

2．中西方餐桌礼仪的差异；

2.1中餐主要餐具的使用

2.1.1筷子

2.1.2勺子

2.1.3盘子

2.1.4茶杯

2.1.5餐巾

2.1.6牙签

2.2中餐席位的安排

2.3西餐主要餐具的使用

2.3.1刀和叉

2.3.2勺子

2.3.3餐巾

2.4西餐席位的安排

2.5进餐礼仪的差异

2.5.1中餐进餐礼仪

2.5.2中餐上菜次序和礼仪

2.5.3西餐的进餐礼仪

2.5.4西餐的上菜顺序

结语

二、内容摘要

Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theworldhasgrownsosmallthatwealldependoneachothernow.Whathappensinoneplaceoftheworldaffectsotherplaces.Andfrequentcontactsareshowingtheimportanceoftablemanners.Differentcountrieshavedifferenttablemanners.ThedifferenttablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountriesarethecoreofthispaper.ThispaperintroducestheuseofmaintablewaresandarrangmentofseatsandtheorderofdishesandtablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountries.WemusthaveagoodknowledgeoftablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountriesinordertoworkandliveproperlyduringtheinternationalcommunication.

随着经济全球化的日益发展紧密，世界变得越来越小，并相互依存相互影响。

国际间人与人之间的交往日趋频繁,也就突显了餐桌礼仪在国际交往中的重要性,不同的国家有着不同的餐桌礼仪。

本文主要介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异，主要从主要餐具的使用,座位的安排,进餐礼仪,上菜次序来比较中西方餐桌礼仪差异的.人们需要了解中西方国家在餐桌礼仪上的差异，以便能在国际交往中更好地交流，给生活和工作带来更大的便利。

三、参考文献

[1]李元授.礼仪训练[M]华中理工大学出版社,2005-5

[2]魏志国,餐饮服务饮食管理[M]北京:

旅游教育出版社,2002-9

[3]中餐座位主客座的位置坐法及其相关用餐礼仪常识中国旅游2007-4-2

[4]精致生活西餐餐具摆放中国时尚品牌网浙2006-2-4

[5]西餐席位应如何安排南京日报社南京龙虎

Abstract：

Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theworldhasgrownsosmallthatwealldependoneachothernow.Whathappensinoneplaceoftheworldaffectsotherplaces.Andfrequentcontactsareshowingtheimportanceoftablemanners.Differentcountieshavedifferenttablemanners.ThedifferenttablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountriesarethecoreofthispaper.ThispaperintroducestheuseofmaintablewaresandarrangmentofseatsandtheorderofdishesandtablemannersbetweenChineseandwesterncountries.WemusthaveagoodknowledgeoftablemannersbetweenChineseandWesterncountriesinordertoworkandliveproperlyduringtheinternationalcommunication.

中文摘要：

随着经济全球化的日益发展紧密，世界变得越来越小，并相互依存相互影响。

国际间人与人之间的交往日趋频繁,也就突显了餐桌礼仪在国际交往中的重要性,不同的国家有着不同的餐桌礼仪。

本文主要介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异，主要从主要餐具的使用,座位的安排,进餐礼仪,上菜次序来比较中西方餐桌礼仪差异的.人们需要了解中西方国家在餐桌礼仪上的差异，以便能在国际交往中更好地交流，给生活和工作带来更大的便利。

关键词:

 餐桌;礼仪;差异;座位;

Keywords:

table;manners;difference;seats;

Introduction:

Withthedevelopmentofopening-uppolicy,foreignetiquetteenterstoourdailylifedaybyday.Besidesthecommercialetiquette,thetablemannersisveryimportant,too.Ithaveeffectonthequalityofthepeople,especialychildern.Youshouldtrainyourselfinpropertablemanners,whetheraloneorwithfamily.Becauseitwillbecomeanaturalpartofyoubehavior,andyouwillbeateaseatthetable.

1.Theimportanceoftablemanners

Thetablemannersexpressone’squalityandeducationsowhateverageit’sworthtoadvocating.Alargenumberofwhite-collorandleadergotomannertraininginstitution,whichproveit’simportance.Inourdialylifeweoftenusetablemannerssoitcan’tbeignoredandshouldbereceivedconsiderableconcernbyparent.Ifyouwantyourchildrenhaveexcellenttablemanners,pleasestarttoteachthemintheirchildhood.

Britainattachgreatattentiontochildren’smannereducation.Inordertohelpchildrendevelopexcellenttablemannersandhaveallsortsofcommendablequalityorcharacters,theybegintoteachthechildrentablemannerfromthefirstdaychildrenonthetable.ThemajorityofBritishparentsbelievethatifyouchildrenwanttoeattheirown,whichindicatedtheydesiretopersonalindependence.Thatisnodoubtthatweshouldgivethemencourage.TheBritishgeneralagreementthatchildren’sbadhabitsarecausedbyearlychildhoodthattheyparentsdon’tcare.It’swillnotonlyinfluenceingestionofacomprehensiveandadequatenutrition,butalsomakethechilddevelopself-willed,selfishandself-controlpersonality.Tablemannersisamirrorthatreflectthepeople’squalityandfamilyeducation.

2.Differenttablemannersbetweenchineseandwestern

2.1Theuseofchinesefoodmaintablewares

2.1.1Chopsticks

ThechopsticksarethemaintablewareofChinesefood.Itshouldbeheldbetweenthethumbandfingersoftherighthand.Chopsticksaretraditionallyheldintherighthandonlyandafewpeoplestillconsiderthatusechopstickwithlefthandisimproper.Whenpublicchopsticksareofferedonthetable,itisconsideredimpolitetouseyourownchopstickstopickupthefoodfromthepublicplateoreatusingthepublicchopsticks.Anexceptiontothisruleismadeinfamilydinnersthatfamilymembersmaynotmindusingownchopsticks.Neverwaveyourchopsticksorbangthemlikedrumsticksorusethemtomovebowlsorplates.Decidewhattopickupbeforereachingwithchopsticks.Donotusechopsticksmovearoundinshareddish.Afteryouhavepickedupanitem,donotputitbackinthedish.Chopstickscanbeputquitelyonone'splateorbowl.Neverstabchopsticksintoabowlofrice,leavingthemstandingupwards.

2.1.2Spoon

It’smainfuctionisscoopthefoodanddish.Sometimesyoucanusethespoonandchopstickstogethertogetfood,buttrynottoseparetelyusethespoontopickupdish.Pleasebecarefulwhenyougetthesoupwithspoonanddon’ttakefullsuopincasethesoupoverflow.Itwillmakeyouclothsandtablegotdirty.Afteryougetthesoup,youcanpauseamomentwhenthesoupisnotfurtherdownstreamandthenmoveitbackandenjoy.Thespoonshouldbeplacedontheplatewhenyoutemporarilynotuseandpleasedon’tputitdirectlyonthetableorinthedish.Andifthefoodyouhavegotistoohot,nottouseaspoontoscoopandscooporblowwithmouth.Youcanputitonyourownbowlfirstandwaitamomentwhenitbecomecool,theneatthem.Alsodon’tusethespoonstuffedintoyoumouthorlickwithyourtonguerepeatedly.

2.1.3Plate

plateismainlyusedforholdingfoodandthefunctionaswellasthebowl.Generallyplatemustbestayedinoneplaceatthedinneranddon’tstackittogether.Weneedtogiveaimportancepresentationfordishplatebecauseofspecialuseful.Themainroleofthedishplateisusedforholdingfoodthattakefromthepublicdishtoenjoy.Pleasedon’tgetmanydisheachtime.Itwillnotonlyappeardisorderbutalsolikeahungryghost.Donotputavarietyofdishesstackedtogether,itwillnotgood-lookingandbecomebadtasteandnotdelicious.Theresidue,bone,gillyounoteatshould’tsplitedonthegroundoronthetablebutshouldbetakenlightyonthefrontofdishplate.Ifthedishplateisfilledwithfood,youaskthewarterforchanging.

2.1.4Cups

It’smanilyusedforholdingwater.Suchassoftdrinks,fruitjuice,colaandothers.Donotuseittoholdwineanddonotturnitover.Inaddition,thedrinkintothemouthcan’tbespritedback.

2.1.5Napkin

Thewaiterpreparedawetnapkcinforyoubeforedinner.It’susedtocleanyouhandsandshouldbeputbackintotheplatethatbetakenbywaiter.Sometimesbeforetheformalendofthebanquet,thewaiteralsobringawetnapkinforyouistowipeyoumouthratherthanface.

2.1.6Toothpick

Trynottopickyouteethinpublic.Whenyouhavetodothatpleasecoveryoumouthwithyourotherhand.Afterpicking,donotholdthetoothpickinyourmouthforlongtime.Andnotuseittotakefood.

2.2ThearrangementforChinesefoodseats

Chineseandwesternpeopleusedifferentarrangementfortabletotreattheirguests.Thedifferentarrangementrequiredifferenttypesoftableseating。

InthetraditionalChinesebanquets,peopleusethesquaretable.ThesquaretableisalsocalledatraditionalChinesetableforeight.Asitsnameshows,squaretableissquareshapeandcanprovidefoursidesforseating.Eachsidecanhavetwoseatsandeightseatsinall.Theseatsfacingthedoorareconsideredasthehonoredseatsandtheotherseatsareforordinaryguests.Inthebanquet,theguestsofhonorsitonthehonoredseatsandthehostandthehostesssitontheseatsoppositetothem.Theothergueststaketherestseatsinorder.IntheChinesetradition,thesouthisusuallyconsideredasthepositionofhonorwhilethenorthislessfavored.AsaChinesesayinggoes,“theseatofthekingfacesthesouth.”SointheChinesefeast,theseatsfacingthesouthareusuallysavedfortheimportantguestsortheelderly.BeforetheChinesepeoplegetintotheseatingtheyalwaysdeclinemodestlyabouttheseatsfacingthesouth.

2.3Theuseofwesternmaintableware

2.3.1Knifeandfork

Theforkisheldinyourlefthandandtheknifeisheldinyourright.Youshouldholdyourknifewiththehandleinyourpalm.Atfirstyouholddownthefoodwithafork,thencutitintosmallpieceswithaknife,andthenforkitintoyourmouth.Americanusetheforkinyourlefthandwhilecutting,andthenswitchtorighthandtopickupandeatapiecewhileeuropeansnotchangehands.Theforkisusedtoconveyanysolidfoodtothemouth.Theknifebladeshouldbeplacedontheedgeofyourplatewhennotinuse.Thebladeshouldalwaysfaceinward.Ifthereareanumberofknivesorforks,thenyoushouldstartfromtheoutsidesetaseachcourseisserved.

2.3.2Spoon

Withtherighhandheldthespoonandthefingermustbemaintainedattheendofspoonhandle.Inaddition,pleaseusethespoontogetthesoupanddonotuseittogetotherfood.Whenyouhavefinishedeatingsoup,thespoonshouldbeplacedtothesideofthesaucer,notleftinthebowlorputontheshareddish.Wheneatingsoup,youshouldholdyourspooninyourrighthandandtipthebowlawayf