零基础英语班八年级.docx

零基础英语班八年级.docx

《零基础英语班八年级.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《零基础英语班八年级.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

零基础英语班八年级

零基础英语班讲义

八年级（上）

一、相关知识点

1.cheersb.on为某人喝彩

2.prefer（doing）Ato（doing）B比起做B更喜欢做A

3.exercise（c）“体操、练习、功课”；（n）“锻炼、运动”

4.dosb.afavor=helpsb.=givesb.ahand帮某人的忙

5.mind/practicedoingsth.介意/练习做某事

6.withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助下

7.turnon打开；turnoff关闭；turnup调大；turndown调小

8.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩的愉快、过的高兴

9.atleast至少

10.standfor代表

11.feellikedoing=wanttodosth想要做某事

12.follow/takeone’sadvice接受某人的建议

13.what’sthematter?

=what’swrong=what’swrong?

怎么了？

14.stayup=situp熬夜不睡觉

15.have/takesomemedicine“服药”medicine不可数名词

16.enoughadj.“足够的，充分的”放在名词前后都可以

adv.“足够地，充分地”放在形容词之后

17.aswellknow=itiswellknown众所周知

18.goahead常在情景交际中出现“开始做、着手做”

19.prevent/stopsb./sth（from）doingsth.阻止某人、某物做某事

20.keepawayfrom远离……;keep…awayfrom…让…远离…

21.inone’ssparetime=inone’sfreetime在某人的空闲时间里

22.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事

Beusedtodosth.被用来做某事

Beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事

23.lendsth.tosb把某物借给某人

borrowsth.fromsb./someplace从某人或某处借来某物

24.agreewithsb同意某人的观点、看法；

agreetodosth同意做某事

agreeon/aboutsth在某事上去的一致，同意某事

25.givesblessons“给某人上课”；还有“教训某人”之意

26.much、alittle、even、far可用来修饰形容词比较级表程度的加深

27.ontheearth“在地球上”onearth“在世界上”、“究竟、到底”

28.taketheplaceof=takeone’splace“代替…”;takeplace“发生”

29.protect…from…保护…免受…的伤害

30.regard/consider…as=thinkof…as把……视为

31.inaminute=rightnow=rightaway立刻，马上

32.ofgreatvalue=greatvaluable“很值钱的、贵重的”

34.befondof=love=like=enjoy=preferdoingsth喜欢做某事

35.feedon…以…为食；liveon…以食…为生，以…为主食

36.thousand、hundred等词前面如果有明确数字，不加s和of；

但是如果前面什么都没有，或者有many、several等词时，即可加s又可加of

37.mend“修理、修补”一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西，偶尔也用于道路门窗；而repair则用于建筑、堤坝、机器、车辆，二者一般不能互换。

38.beginwith=startwith“以…开始”

练习题

1.-----_________doyouwatertheplants?

-----Twiceaday.

AHowlongBHowsoonCHowoftenDHowmuch

2.Doyoumind______upthemusic?

AtoturnBturningCturnDturned

3.---Wouldyoumindpassingmethatbook?

---Ofcoursenot.Iwilldoit_______.

AinaminuteBrightnowCrightawayDA,BandC

4.Iwanttobeabasketballplayer.SoIbasketballeveryday.

ApracticetoplayBplaytheCpracticingplayingDplayingthe

5.Myfriend,Michael,willcome_____me_____,becausehehopesIcanwin.

Acheer;forBcheer;onCtocheer;forDtocheer;on

6.PRCstands_____“thePeople’sRepublicofChina”.

AforBupCinD/

7.-----WhichsportdoesLilyprefer,singingorswimming?

-----Sheprefers_______to_________.

Asing;swimBsinging;swimmingCsinging;swimDsing;swimming

8.Mikehadacold.He_____somemedicinethismorning.

AtakeBdrankCateDtook

9.Wemustkeepourselves______sothatwecanenjoyabetterlife.

AenoughhealthBhealthyenoughChealthenoughDenoughhealthy

10.----Whatshouldwedo_____theflu?

----Sorry,Idon’tknow.

ApreventBtopreventCpreventingDprevented

11.Weshouldkeepaway______thefirebecauseitisdangerousforus.

AtoBfromCwithDfor

12.Iamhungry.I_____eatingsomechocolate.

AwouldlikeBfeellikeCneedtoDhadbetter

13.---It’sseventwenty.---Oh,it’stimeforclass.

---Don’tworry____it.Wearecoming____aminute.

Aabout;onBabout;inCon;aboutDin;about

14.Lily’sroomis_____tohold.

AenoughbigBbigenoughCsuchsmallDenoughsmall

15.Sometelephonecardsareofgreat______.Socollectingtelephonecardsissomepeople’shobby.

AvalueBvaluedCtovalueDvalued

16.Myteacher_____say,“Workhardtobeagoodstudent.”

AwasusedBwasusedtoCusedtoDused

17.----Couldyou_____meyourbike,please?

----Sorry,Iwilluseit.Youcan_____Jack’s.

Aborrow;lentBborrowed;lendCborrow;lendDlend;borrow

18.Youareright.Iagree_____you.

AwithBofCaboutDon

19.Tigerfeed____smallanimals.

AatBforCofDon

20.Atfirst,onlytwo____peoplecametothecity,butlater_____peoplecamehere.Thecitybecomesbiggerandbigger.

Ahundredsof;thousandBhundred;thousandsof

Chundreds;thousandsofDthousands;hundredsof

二、感叹句

感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，句末通常要用感叹号。

通常由what、how和引导。

（通常省略主语和谓语）

What+名词/名词短语（+主语/谓语）

How+形容词/副词（+主语/谓语）

1.what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：

（1）What+a（an）+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！

　　Whatanapplethisis!

（2）What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！

　　Whatkindwomentheyare!

2.由How引导的感叹句

其结构是：

How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！

Howhardtheworkerareworking!

3.what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。

　　Whataninterestingstoryitis!

==Howinterestingthestoryis!

　　whatabeautifulbuldingitis!

==Howbeautifulthebuildingis!

　　在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。

如：

　　Whatanicepresent!

（省略itis）

Howdisappointed!

（省略sheis或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）

练习题

1、-__________goodtimewehadatthepartylastnight!

-Yes.Itwas________excitingpartythatIwouldneverforgetit.

A.What,soB.How,suchC.Whata,suchanD.Howa,soan

2、-______dayitis!

-Let’sgooutandenjoythesunshine!

A.WhatalovelyB.HowwindyC.WhatarainyD.Howlovely

3、____terribleweatherwehadlastSunday!

A.WhatB.WhataC.SuchD.How

4、_______usefulthebookis!

Wecanknowwellaboutthecityfromit.

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan

5、Look!

_____buildingtheBirdNestis!

A.WhatagreatB.WhatgreatC.HowagreatD.Howgreat

6、-______goodnewsitis!

Thepandasarefoundaliveaftertheearthquake.

-It’sso______.

A.Whata,excitedB.What,exciting

C.Howa,excitedD.How,exciting

7、-____beautifulday!

Shallwegoforapicnic?

-Goodidea.

A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa

8、____funitistobewithgirlsofmuageinthesummercourseinBritain!

A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa

9、-_______cleverthegirlis!

-Sosheis.

A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa

10、___nicehatitis!

A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa

11、______interestingtalkMr.Blackgaveus!

A.HowB.WhataC.WhatanD.Howan

12、_____musicsheisplaying!

A.WhatniceB.HowniceC.WhataniceD.Hownicea

13、Marygotgoodgradesinschool._____excitedsheis!

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

14、Whatafunnyperson_______!

Weallliketalkingwithhim.

A.itisB.isheC.isitD.heis

15、-wewillbuildasubwayinFuzhoubefore2014.

-Wow,_____！

Willitpassourplace?

A.whatanexcitednewsB.howexcitedthenewsis

C.whatexcitingnewsD.howexcitingnews

16、____informationheofferedus!

Weallthankhim.

A.WhatusefulB.WhatuselessC.HowusefulD.Howuseless

17、____dangerousitistoridefastonabusyroad.

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

18、-___kindgirlNancyis！

-Yes,sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa

19、____Mrs.Smithis!

A.HowkindwomanB.Whatakindwoman

C.WhatkindwomanD.Howakindwoman

20、___it’sblowing!

A.WhatstrongB.Howstrong

C.HowstronglyD.Whatstrongly

三、形容词、副词比较级最高级

一）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成：

1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：

规则

原级

比较级

最高级

1.在词尾后直接加-er/est

tall

taller

tallest

2.词尾是e，只加-r/st

nice

nicer

nicest

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/est

happy

happier

happiest

4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/est

thin

thinner

thinnest

2.其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/most

beautiful—morebeautiful—（the）mostbeautiful

3.由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.

quickly—morequickly—（the）mostquickly

difficultly—moredifficultly—（the）mostdifficultly

4.不规则变化:

good/well

better

best

bad/badly

worse

worst

many/much

more

most

little

less

least

far

farther/further

farthest/furthest

（二）形容词比较级和最高级的用法：

1.原级的用法:

用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”as….+形容词原级+asB

2.比较级的用法:

1）A+形容词比较级+than+B

形容词比较级前用much,even,still,alittle，far,alot,abit,muchmore修饰。

Very,so,too,quite不能修饰比较级。

2）数字+形容词比较级+than

3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”

4）the+比较级，the+比较级结构，表示“越……就越……”

5）which/who+is+比较级

3.最高级用法：

用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。

oneofthe+最高级+名词复数，谓语动词用单数

（三）副词比较级和最高级的用法：

1.原级主要的句型：

1）as+副词原级+asnotas/so+副词原级+as

2）too+副词原级+todosth.

3）so+副词原级+that

4）副词原级+enoughtodosth.

2.比较级的用法：

1）比较级+than。

当前后使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词来代替后面的动词，该动词或助动词可以省略。

2）比较级+and+比较级

3）themore…themore…

3.最高级的用法：

副词最高级前一般有the，也可省略。

练习题

1.Youmustwriteas________asyoucan.

A.morecarefulB.carefullyC.carefulD.care

2.—InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreimportantthanspeaking,Ithink.

—Idon’tagreewithyou.Speakingis________reading.

A.asimportantasB.soimportantas

C.themostimportantD.thesameas

3.Jimisrunning________Bruce.They’reneckandneck.

A.fasterthanB.asfastasC.asfasterasD.moreslowlythan

4.LessonThreeis________LessonTwo.It’smuchmoredifficult.

A.notsoeasyasB.easierthan

C.asdifficultasD.lessdifficultthan

5.Thisstoryisnot________asthatone.

A.moreinterestingB.lessinteresting

C.sointerestedD.sointeresting

6.Theboydoesn’tspeak________hissister,buthiswrittenworkisverygood.

A.aswellasB.sogoodas

C.morebetterthanD.moreworsethan

7.NowHelenworks________thanbefore.

A.morecarefullyB.morecareful

C.muchcarefulD.muchcarefully

8.Ittakes________timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.

A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less

9.Itis________todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?

A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotter

10.ThepopulationofShanghaiis________thanthatofShijiazhuang.

A.smallerB.largerC.lessD.large

11.Ofthetwopencil-boxes,theboychose_______one.

A.lessexpensiveB.theleastexpensive

C.thelessexpensiveD.themostexpensive

12.OfthetwoAustralianstudents,Mashais________one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.

A.tallestB.the