零基础英语班八年级.docx

1、零基础英语班八年级零基础英语班讲义八年级（上）一、 相关知识点1. cheer sb. on 为某人喝彩2. prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 比起做B更喜欢做A3.exercise （c）“体操、练习、功课”；（n）“锻炼、运动”4. do sb. a favor = help sb. = give sb. a hand 帮某人的忙5. mind/practice doing sth. 介意/练习做某事6. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下7. turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 调

2、大；turn down 调小8. have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩的愉快、过的高兴9. at least 至少10. stand for 代表11. feel like doing = want to do sth 想要做某事12.follow/ take ones advice 接受某人的建议13. whats the matter? = whats wrong = whats wrong? 怎么了？14. stay up = sit up 熬夜不睡觉15. have/ take some medicine “服药” medicine

3、 不可数名词16. enough adj. “足够的，充分的”放在名词前后都可以 adv. “足够地，充分地” 放在形容词之后17. as well know = it is well known 众所周知18. go ahead 常在情景交际中出现 “开始做、着手做”19. prevent/stop sb./sth (from) doing sth. 阻止某人、某物做某事20. keep away from 远离 ; keepaway from 让远离21.in ones spare time = in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间里22.used to do sth. 过

4、去常常做某事 Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事23. lend sth. to sb 把某物借给某人 borrow sth. from sb./some place 从某人或某处借来某物24. agree with sb 同意某人的观点、看法；agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree on/about sth 在某事上去的一致，同意某事25. give sb lessons“给某人上课”；还有“教训某人”之意26.much、a little、even、far可用来修饰形容词比较级表程度的加深27. on

5、the earth “在地球上” on earth“在世界上”、“究竟、到底”28. take the place of = take ones place “代替”; take place “发生”29. protectfrom 保护免受的伤害30. regard/consider as = think ofas 把视为31. in a minute = right now = right away 立刻，马上32. of great value = great valuable “很值钱的、贵重的”34. be fond of = love = like = enjoy= prefer d

6、oing sth 喜欢做某事35. feed on 以为食； live on 以食为生，以为主食36. thousand、hundred等词前面如果有明确数字，不加s和of；但是如果前面什么都没有，或者有many、several等词时，即可加s又可加of37. mend“修理、修补” 一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西，偶尔也用于道路门窗；而repair则用于建筑、堤坝、机器、车辆，二者一般不能互换。38. begin with = start with “以开始”练习题1.-_ do you water the plants? - Twice a day. A How long B How soon

7、 C How often D How much2. Do you mind _ up the music? A to turn B turning C turn D turned3. -Would you mind passing me that book? -Of course not. I will do it _. A in a minute B right now C right away D A,B and C4. I want to be a basketball player. So I basketball every day. A practice to play B pla

8、y the C practicing playing D playing the5. My friend, Michael, will come _ me _, because he hopes I can win. A cheer; for B cheer; on C to cheer; for D to cheer; on6. PRC stands _ “the Peoples Republic of China”. A for B up C in D /7. -Which sport does Lily prefer, singing or swimming? -She prefers

9、_ to _. A sing; swim B singing; swimming C singing; swim D sing; swimming8. Mike had a cold. He _ some medicine this morning. A take B drank C ate D took9. We must keep ourselves _ so that we can enjoy a better life. A enough health B healthy enough C health enough D enough healthy10. -What should w

10、e do _ the flu? -Sorry, I dont know. A prevent B to prevent C preventing D prevented11. We should keep away _ the fire because it is dangerous for us. A to B from C with D for12. I am hungry. I _ eating some chocolate. A would like B feel like C need to D had better13.-Its seven twenty. - Oh, its ti

11、me for class. -Dont worry _ it. We are coming _ a minute. A about; on B about; in C on; about D in; about14. Lilys room is _ to hold. A enough big B big enough C such small D enough small15. Some telephone cards are of great _. So collecting telephone cards is some peoples hobby. A value B valued C

12、to value D valued16. My teacher _ say,“Work hard to be a good student.” A was used B was used to C used to D used17.- Could you _ me your bike, please? - Sorry, I will use it. You can _ Jacks. A borrow; lent B borrowed; lend C borrow; lend D lend; borrow18. You are right. I agree _ you. A with B of

13、C about D on19. Tiger feed _ small animals. A at B for C of D on20. At first, only two _ people came to the city, but later _ people came here. The city becomes bigger and bigger. A hundreds of; thousand B hundred; thousands ofC hundreds; thousands of D thousands; hundreds of二、感叹句感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句

14、子，句末通常要用感叹号。通常由what、how和引导。（通常省略主语和谓语）What + 名词/名词短语（+主语/谓语）How + 形容词/副词（+主语/谓语）1.what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： （1） What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What an apple this is! （2）What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！ What kind women they are! 2.由How引导的感叹句 其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！ How hard the worker are working! 3.what与h

15、ow引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。 What an interesting story it is!=How interesting the story is! what a beautiful bulding it is!=How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如： What a nice present!（省略it is） How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）练习题 1、- _good time we had at the party last night!-Y

16、es. It was _exciting party that I would never forget it.A. What, so B. How, such C. What a, such an D. How a, so an2、-_ day it is! - Lets go out and enjoy the sunshine!A. What a lovely B. How windy C. What a rainy D. How lovely3、_ terrible weather we had last Sunday!A. What B. What a C. Such D. How4

17、、_ useful the book is! We can know well about the city from it.A. What B. What a C. How D. What an5、Look! _ building the Bird Nest is!A. What a great B. What great C. How a great D. How great6、- _ good news it is! The pandas are found alive after the earthquake.-Its so _.A. What a, excited B. What,

18、exciting C. How a, excited D. How, exciting7、-_beautiful day! Shall we go for a picnic? - Good idea.A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 8、_ fun it is to be with girls of mu age in the summer course in Britain!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a9、- _ clever the girl is!- So she is.A. How B. What C. What

19、a D. How a10、_ nice hat it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a11、_ interesting talk Mr. Black gave us!A. How B. What a C. What an D. How an12、_ music she is playing!A. What nice B. How nice C. What a nice D. How nice a 13、Mary got good grades in school. _ excited she is!A. What B. What a C. How D.

20、How a14、What a funny person_! We all like talking with him.A. it is B. is he C. is it D. he is15、- we will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2014.- Wow, _！Will it pass our place?A. what an excited news B. how excited the news is C. what exciting news D. how exciting news16、_ information he offered us!

21、 We all thank him.A. What useful B. What useless C. How useful D. How useless17、_ dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a18、-_ kind girl Nancy is！- Yes, she is always ready to help others.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a19、_ Mrs. Smith is!A. How kind woman B. W

22、hat a kind woman C. What kind woman D. How a kind woman20、_ its blowing!A. What strong B. How strong C. How strongly D. What strongly三、形容词、副词比较级最高级一）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成：1. 单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：规则原级比较级最高级1.在词尾后直接加-er/esttalltallertallest2.词尾是e，只加-r/stnicenicernicest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变i再加-er/esthappyhapp

23、ierhappiest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er/estthinthinnerthinnest2. 其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful more beautiful(the) most beautiful3. 由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly more quickly(the) most quicklydifficultly more difficultly(the) most difficultly4. 不规则变化:good/wellbetterbestb

24、ad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest（二）形容词比较级和最高级的用法：1. 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同”as.+形容词原级+as B2. 比较级的用法:1）A+形容词比较级+than+ B形容词比较级前用much, even, still, a little，far, a lot, a bit, much more修饰。Very, so, too, quite 不能修饰比较级。2）数字+形容词比较级+than3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越

25、来越”4）the +比较级，the +比较级结构，表示“越就越”5）which/who +is +比较级3. 最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。one of the +最高级+名词复数，谓语动词用单数（三）副词比较级和最高级的用法：1. 原级主要的句型：1）as+副词原级+as not as/so+副词原级+as2）too+副词原级+to do sth.3）so +副词原级+ that4）副词原级+enough to do sth.2. 比较级的用法：1）比较级+than。当前后使

26、用的动词相同时，通常用助动词来代替后面的动词，该动词或助动词可以省略。2）比较级+and +比较级3）the morethe more3. 最高级的用法：副词最高级前一般有the，也可省略。练习题1. You must write as _ as you can. A. more careful B. carefully C. careful D. care2. In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think.I dont agree with you. Speaking is _ reading.A.

27、 as important as B. so important asC. the most important D. the same as3. Jim is running _ Bruce. Theyre neck and neck.A. faster than B. as fast as C. as faster as D. more slowly than4. Lesson Three is _ Lesson Two. Its much more difficult.A. not so easy as B. easier thanC. as difficult as D. less d

28、ifficult than5. This story is not _ as that one.A. more interesting B. less interestingC. so interested D. so interesting6. The boy doesnt speak _ his sister, but his written work is very good.A. as well as B. so good asC. more better than D. more worse than7. Now Helen works _ than before.A. more c

29、arefully B. more carefulC. much careful D. much carefully8. It takes _ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. A. more B. fewer C. longer D. less9. It is _ today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon? A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter10. The population of Shanghai is _ than that of Shijiazhuang.A. smaller B. larger C. less D. large11. Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _ one.A. less expensive B. the least expensiveC. the less expensive D. the most expensive12. Of the two Australian students, Masha is _ one. I think you can find her easily.A. tallest B. the