新视野大学英语第三册Book3Unit8.docx

新视野大学英语第三册Book3Unit8.docx

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新视野大学英语第三册Book3Unit8

TeachingPlanforUnit8

Course：

CollegeEnglish

Instructor

Module

Unit8

Alegalandmoralimplicationsofcloning

Bwhowilltakeadvantageofhumancloning?

Time

180m

TeachingAids

Multi-media

TeachingObjectives

1.Tohelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofthepassagesinthisunit；

2.Tohelpthestudentsgrasptheusagesofsomeimportantwords,phrasesandexpressionsintheunit；

3.Toenablethestudentstoanalyzethestructureofthe2passagesinthisunit；

4.Tointroducethebasicreadingskillsofthisunit：

Understandingidiomaticexpressions,inorderforthestudentstofullyunderstandawriter’spoint；

5.Tohelpthestudentsfurthermasterthewritingtechnique:

doublecluesanddominantimpressionsupportedbydetails；

6.Tohelpthestudentslearnaboutthemeaningofbirthanddeath;

ChiefPoints&

DifficultPoints

1.Getthemainideaofthepassage.

2.Mastersomeusefulexpressions&sentencestructureinthepassage.

3.Understandthestructureofthetext.

Prerequisites

Beforecomingforclass,studentsshould

1.identifysomeimportantwordsforthetopic.

2.scanthetextformainideas.

3.visitlibrarytoresearchaboutinformationconcerningtheunit.

Teaching

Methods

Themixtureoflistening,speaking,reading,practicingandwriting

ReferenceBooks

Teacher’sBookofNewHorizonCollegeEnglish

LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish（English-Chinese）

OxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary

LongmanDictionaryofAmericanEnglish

TeachingContents

TimeAllotment

SectionA

I.Warm-upActivity

1.TopicDiscussion

i.Student’sDiscussion

ii.Teacher’sSummary

2.QuestionsontheTopicandthePassage

II.BackgroundInformation

III.TextStructureAnalysis

IV.StructuredWriting

V.DetailedStudyoftheText

i.WordsandPhrasesStudy

ii.LanguagePoints

VI.TextSummary

1.Student’sPresentation

2.Teacher’sSummary

VII．After-textAExercises

SectionB

I.ReadingSkill

II.Warm-upActivity

1.TopicDiscussion

2.QuestionsontheTopicandthePassage

III.TextStructureAnalysis

IV.TextStudy

1.ParagraphMeaning

2.WordsandPhrasesStudy

3.LanguagePoints

4.SummaryorMainIdeaofthePassage

i.Student’sPresentation

ii.Teacher’sSummary

V.NewWordsDictation

VI.After-textBExercises

VII．Supplementaryexercises

15m

5m

10m

5m

50m

5m

30m

5m

10m

5m

20m

5m

15m

Assignments

1.HandintheexerciseofTRANSLATION.

2.Finishtheotherafter-textA&Bexercisesafterclass.

3.SupplementaryExercises

i.English-ChineseTranslation（5sentences）

ii.Chinese-EnglishTranslation（10sentences）

4.PreviewUnit9

SectionA

LegalandMoralImplicationsofCloning

I.Warm-upActivity

1.TopicDiscussion

1）Doyouknowwhatiscloning?

Whatcouldcloningreallydoforus?

---theprocessofmakingageneticallyidenticalorganism,nonsexualmeans,completelydifferentfromnormalprocessofreproduction,etc.

---usefulinthescience,curepreviouslyincurablediseases,organtransplant,

---socialproblems,

Ourtopictodayis“Cloning”.Cloning,asitsnameimplies,isthegenetictermforproducinganexactcopyofananimalorplantbydevelopingartificiallyacellfromit.

ThecreationofDolly,aclonedsheep,hasarousedgreatattentionaroundtheworld.Wenowliveintherealityofhumancloning.Thissuggests,ononehand,greatmedicaldevelopmentandpossibilitiesincuringpreviouslyincurablediseases.Ontheotherhand,humancloninghasbroughtconfusionandfeartopeoplewhoworrythatitwouldthreatenhumansocietyanddignity.Ifhumansareproduced,whomwillwerespectasancestors,fathers,ormothers?

Willclonedpeoplebetruehumans?

Theproblemreallyisthecreationofanewworldorderofhumans.

2）WhydidthebirthofDollybecomethefocusofworldopinion?

---Becauseitstoodforabigbreakthroughinthegeneticengineering;

---Becauseitbecamepossibletoclonehumanbeings;

ItistruethatthebirthofDollywasabigbreakthroughinthegeneticengineeringoragreatachievementthathadlongbeenthoughtimpossible.ButwhatprofoundlydisturbedthewholeworldwasthatthelaboratoryprocessusedforDollywouldalsoworkforhumans.Inthatlight,thebirthofthefirsthumanclonewasonlyamatteroftime,andthatwouldgeneratealonglistoflegalandmoralpuzzlesfortheworld.

2.QuestionsontheTopicandthePassage

1）Howdidtheworldreacttothefirstsuccessfullyclonedsheep?

Theworldwasamazedbythenewsatfirst,thenworriedaboutandpuzzledoveralonglistofwildpossibilities.

2）Whatarethetwoboardcategorieshumancloningsituationoftenfallinto?

Oneofthesituationsisthatparentswanttocloneachildwhocanserveeitherasatransplantdonororasasubstitutefortheoriginal.Thesecondisthatadultswanttoclonethemselvesforavarietyofreasons.

3）Accordingtotheauthor,whyaretwinsaremorealikethanclones?

Becauseclonesareonlyphysicallyidenticalwhiletwinssharethesameenvironmentwithinthemotherandareusuallyraisedinthesamefamily.

4）Biologicallyspeaking,whatistheonlypossiblemajordifferencebetweenacloneandtheoriginal?

Theonlypossiblemajordifferenceisbearingchildren,asscientistsarenotsureifDollywillbeabletohavelambs.

5）Whydosomeparentswanttosavetheirfatallyillchildthroughcloning?

Becausecloningwouldincreasethechancesforatissuematchfrom25percenttonearly100percent.

6）Couldclonedanimalsbeusedasorgandonors?

Iftechnologywasimproved,thiscouldberealized.

7）Whatisthegravestconcernabouthumancloningforsociety?

Thecreationofanewanddisrespectedsocialclass:

theclones.

II.BackgroundInformation

CloneandCloning

Thetermcloneisderivedfromκλών,theGreekwordfor"twig,branch",referringtotheprocesswherebyanewplantcanbecreatedfromatwig.Inhorticulture,thespellingclonewasuseduntilthetwentiethcentury;thefinalecameintousetoindicatethevowelisa"longo"insteadofa"shorto"[citationneeded].Sincethetermenteredthepopularlexiconinamoregeneralcontext,thespellingclonehasbeenusedexclusively.

Cloninginbiologyistheprocessofproducingpopulationsofgenetically-identicalindividualsthatoccursinnaturewhenorganismssuchasbacteria,insectsorplantsreproduceasexually.CloninginbiotechnologyreferstoprocessesusedtocreatecopiesofDNAfragments（molecularcloning）,cells（cellcloning）,ororganisms.

III.TextStructureAnalysis

Theessayfocusesononecentraltheme:

thelegalandmoralimplicationsofcloning.Onecharacteristicwritingtechniquethatrunsthroughoutthepassageislisting.Theessaylistsanumberofquestionsaboutthelegalandmoralimplicationsthatarisefromcloning.Thewholeessaycanbedividedintofourparts:

PartoneisParagraph1.Itdealswiththebackgroundsituationofthepassage.Withthesuccessofcloninganadultmammal,aworldwithhumancloneswassuddenlywithinreach.Itwasjustlikesciencefictioncomingtolife.

Parttwoinmadeupoftwoparagraphs,Paragraphs2and3.Thetwoparagraphsareaboutthestrongandimmediateresponsestothebackgroundsituationmentionedinthefirstparagraph.GovernmentshurriedtodraftguidelinesforanunknownfutureandPresidentClintonorderedanationalcommissiontostudytherelativeissues.Somecountriesbeganexaminingthemoralimplicationsofcloningotherspecies.Atthesametimecloninghasgeneratedalonglistofdifficultpuzzlesforscientists,politicians,andphilosophers.

Partthreeisthemajorpartoftheessay,consistingof15paragraphs,form4to18.Inthispartthewriterlistsasmanyas6puzzlesorquestionsontheissueofcloning.Allthe6questionsareaboutthelegalandmoralimplicationsofcloning.Wecanfindthatthequestionsareprovidedwithcompleteorpartialanswersfromtheup-to-dateKnowledge.

ThefourthpartisParagraph19,whichisareiterationthatthelistofquestionscouldgoonandpeoplearejustbeginningtowonderaboutthefutureoftheworldaftercloning.

IV.WritingSkills

Listing

Onedominantwritingtechniqueusedfrequentlyislisting.Listingisawaytoarrangeone’smaterialinwritingwhenthewriterhasaseriesofreasonsorfactstosupporthisargument,aseriesofmethodsoraseriesofthoughts,seriesofreasonsorfactstosupporthisargument,aseriesofmethodsoraseriesofthoughts,etc.Thisisalsoaverystraightforwardwayofwriting,puttingforwardone’sideasfromeverythinkableaspectinanargument.

Nowlookatthefollowingessaywiththetitle“WhyClone”.

Researchadvancesoverthepastdecadehavetoldusthat,withalittlework,wehumanscanclonejustaboutanythingwewant,fromfrogstomonkeysandprobablyevenourselves!

So,wecanclonethings,butwhywouldwewantto?

Let'slookatsomeofthereasonspeoplegivetojustifycloning.

1.Cloningformedicalpurposes

Ofallthereasons,cloningformedicalpurposeshasthemostpotentialtobenefitlargenumbersofpeople.Howmightcloningbeusedinmedicine?

2.RevivingEndangeredorExtinctSpecies

HaveyouseenJurassicPark?

Inthisfeaturefilm,scientistsuseDNApreservedfortensofmillionsofyearstoclonedinosaurs.Theyfindtrouble,however,whentheyrealizethattheclonedcreaturesaresmarterandfiercerthanexpected.

3.ReproducingaDeceasedPet

Ifyoureallywantedto,andifyouhadenoughmoney,youcouldcloneyourbelovedfamilycat.AtleastonebiotechnologycompanyintheUnitedStatesofferscatcloningservicesfortheprivilegedandbereaved,andtheyarenowworkingtoclonedogs.

Wewouldeasilyfindthatthequestionisansweredorex