新人教版七年级上册英语语法总复习.docx
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新人教版七年级上册英语语法总复习
七年级上册总复习
一、be(am、is、are)的基本用法:
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is用于他(he)她(she)它(it),单数用is复数用are。
否定句在be后加not,一般疑问句将be提前。
回答:
Yes,人称代词+be./No,人称代词+be+not.如:
1)HeisMr.Chen. HeisnotMr.Chen.
--IsheMr.Chen?
--Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.
2)Iamastudent. Iamnotastudent.
--Areyouastudent?
--Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.
3)Theyareteachers. Theyarenotteachers.
--Aretheyteachers?
--Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.
练习:
用系动词be(am,is,are)的正确形式填空
1.______youfine?
2.I_________Mr.Chen.
3._____heyourmother?
4.--______theyfromJapan?
--Yes,they_______.
5.You________ateacherandshe_____adoctor.
6.Where_______Jackfrom?
7.I_______fine,too.Thanks8.--Who_______this?
--This________WangKang.
8.--Who_______this?
--This________WangKang.
9.--____youastudent?
--Yes,I_____.
10.--Where_______Beijing?
--It_______inChina.
11.--________RonaldoaBrazilian?
--Yes,he___.
12.“I”______alsoaletter.
13.YouandI_________students.
14.Heandshe________friends.
15.HeandI________teachers.
二、可数名词的复数:
(1)规则变化
1)一般在名词词尾加—s如:
car----cars;apple---apples
2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加---es如:
box---boxes;bus---buses;watch---watches.
3)以o结尾,加spotato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes
4)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,如:
family---families.
5)以fe、f结尾,变fe、f为v再加es,如:
life---lives.
(2)不规则变化:
1)变元音字母
如:
man→men,woman→women,Frenchman→Frenchmen,tooth→teeth,foot→feet;
2)单复数同形如:
sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,deer
3)其他如:
child–children,mouse-mice
写出下列名词的复数形式
1.teacher___ 2.class__ 3.name__
4.orange____5.number 6.apple___
7.bus_____ 8.erase___9.photo_____ 10.tomato___ 11.country 12.friend____
13.knife_____ 14.foot____ 15.boy____ 16.mouse____
三、a,an的用法:
a/an都表示“一,一个”,单词以元音音素开始的,我们在前用an,单词以辅音音素开始的,我们在前用a。
如:
anapple/aninterestingbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman.
Amap/ruler/bus/box
选择填空
1.---What’sthat?
.---It’s______egg.
A.a B.the C./ D.an
2.----What'sthatinEnglish ---It's___car.It's___orangecar.
A.a,an B.a,a C.an,a D.an,an-
3.______oldmanis______Englishteacher.
A.The;an B.An;an C.The;the D.A;a
4.Sheis_______Englishteacher.
A.an B.a C.the D./
四、重点句型和短语:
(1)Welcometo+地方
(2)comefrom=befrom
(3)-What’sthisinEnglish?
--It’sanorange.
--What’sthat?
--It’sanegg.
--Whatarethese?
--Theyarebuses.
(4)where,who,what,howold,howmany,howmuch等特殊疑引导的特殊疑问句:
1)--What’syourname?
/What’shername?
--My/Hernameis…….
2)--Whatclassareyouin?
/Whatgradeareyouin?
--I’minClass/Grade……
3)--What’syourtelephonenumber?
--Mytelephoneis………
4)--Howdoyouspellcup?
--C-U-P,cup.
5)--Howoldareyou?
--I’m….yearsold.
6)--Whereareyoufrom?
/Wheredoyoucomefrom?
--I’mfrom……/Icomefrom……
练习:
选择填空
( )1.---Who’sthatgirl?
---____mysister. A.Thisis B.She’s C.It’s D.That’s
( )2.---WelcometoBeijing!
---________.
A.WelcometoBeijing,too. B.You’rewelcome. C.Thankyou. D.Notatall.
( )3.---__________areyouin?
---ClassFive.
A.Whatclass B.Whatgrade C.Whatcolor D.Whatnumber
( )4.Heis_______blue.
A.to B.from C.under D.in
( )5.----Who’sthegirloverthere?
--Whichone?
----_______underthetree.
A.This B.That C.Theone D.Ones
( )6..Thebagis___________.
A.Bruceis B.Brucehas C.Bruce’s D.Brucedoes
( )7.________,whatcoloristheshirt?
A.Sorry B.I’msorry C.Excuseme D.That’sright
( )8.---Whatcolorisit?
---_________.
A.It’sanorange B.It’sorange C.It’saorange. D.Anorange
( )9.Whatcolor________hispants?
A.has B.does Cis D.are
( )10.Heisold_______whitehair.
A.with Bfrom Cunder Din
( )11.Shelookslikeadoctor,______sheisanurse.
A.and B.or C.too D.but
( )12.--IamafraidIdon’tknow. ---_____.
A.Thankyou B.Thanks C.Thankyouanyway D.Thanksverymuch.
五:
区别has/havedo/does的用法:
(1)has/have表示“有”,即“某人有某物”,当主语是第三人称时,谓语动词用has,其他人称用have
(2)有实义动词的一般现在时态中主语为第三人称单数,否定句,在动词前加doesn’t,再把动词改回原形,一般疑问句,在句首加does,再把动词改回原形,
回答用:
Yes,人称代词+does./No,人称代词+doesn’t.如:
Shehassmalleyes.
Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.
--Doesshehavesmalleyes?
--Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’
主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称,否定句,在动词前加don’t,一般疑问句,在句首加do,回答用:
Yes,人称代词+do./No,人称代词+don’t.如:
Theyhavesmalleyes.
Theydon’thavesmalleyes.
--Dotheyhavesmalleyes?
--Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t
根据句子意思,用am,is,are,do,does,have,has填空。
根据句子意思,用am,is,are,do,does,have,has填空。
1.I__________aChineseteacher.
2._______youfromCanada?
3.________theyhavemanyfriends?
4.________hefromHainan?
5.---______Jackhaveagoodfriend?
---Yes,he______.
6._______heagoodteacher?
---Yes,he______.
7.Heandhissister_______indifferentgrades.
8.______yourmotheradoctor?
9.I_____anoldfriend.HisnameisAllan.
10.Kangkang_______apanda.Itisverycute.
11.You________anicehouse.Ilikeiteverymuch.
12.BruceLee_______manybooks.
13.Dothey_______fifteenapples?
14.DoesBruceLee_______manyfriendsinChina?
15.Jerry______abignose.
16.He_______amapofHainan.Hedoesn’t________amapofChina.
17.--Doesyourfather______awidemouth?
--No,he______not.
18.Myfriend,LiMing________onlyonesister.
六、动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式
动词第三人称单数形式:
动词+s/es,规则
1)一般情况以及以e结尾的动词,直接加“s”,如:
make----makes;come----comes
2)动词以o,s,ch,sh,x结尾,加“es”,
如:
do---does;watch----watches;wish---wishes;miss----misses;guess----guesses
3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先把y改为i,再加es,如:
study---studies
4)特殊情况:
have----has
练习:
()1..---______heAmerican?
---Yes.HecomesfromAmerica.
A.AreB.DoesC.DoD.Is
()2.---Doyouhaveasister?
---___________.
A.Yes,youdoB.Yes,IdoC.Yes,Iam.D.Yes,youdo.
()3.Ellen_____anoldbookandherbrothers_______manynewbooks.
A.has,hasB.have,haveChave,hasD.has,have
()4.Whatcolor_________helike?
A.isB.doC.hasD.does
()5._____hehaveabignoseorasmallone?
A.DoesB.DoC.IsD.Are
()6.IamsorryI______knowher.
A.isn’tB.doesn’tC.don’tD.haven’t
七、名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的用法区别:
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
物主代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性
my
our
your
your
its/his/her
their
名词性
mine
ours
yours
yours
its/his/hers
theirs
名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的汉语意思是一样的,名词性物主代词可独立使用,后面不要跟名词;但形容词性物主代词不可独立使用,后面要跟名词。
如:
Itismyshirt.=Itismine.
句子当中my为形容词性物主代词,mine为名词性物主代词,your,his,her,our,its,their,my等都属于形容词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词通常置于名词前,修饰限定名词,作定语;而名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,当主语,宾语,或表语;如:
Isthisyourcoat?
==Isthiscoatyours?
这是你的大衣吗?
练习:
()1.--Isthatcoat________.?
--Yes,it’s_________coat..
A.his,he’sB.yours,yourCher,hersD.mine,your
()2.Ourbooksarehere.________areoverthere.
A.They’reB.TheirC.TheirsD.Your
()3Sheisagirl,________nameisMary.
A.sheB.hisC.herD.she’s
()4.---______dressisit?
---It’shers.
A.Who’sB.WhoseC.WhatD.Which
()5._______colorisyellow.A.It’sB.ItsC.IsitD.Yours
八、重点短语和句型:
1.Who’syourfavoritefilmstar?
2.Whatcolorishis/herhair?
3.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.
4.lookthesame/lookat/looklike
5.Thegirlingreen/Thegirlinagreenskirt/Theonewithblackhairandblackeyes.
6.Weareinthesameschool,butweareindifferentgrades.
7.--Whosedressisthis?
--It’smine.
8.rousers,gloves,shoes,socks常以复数的形式出现,如:
apairoftrousers,apairofshoes,apairofglasses
9.What++主语(某人)+looklike?
长得怎么样?
如:
--Whatdoesyourfatherlooklike?
--Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.
九、人称代词的主格与宾格:
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
人称代词的主格在句子中当主语,宾格在句子作动词或介词的宾语。
如:
Ilikeit.(I为主格,it为宾格)
ShelikesEnglish.(she为主语)
Dotheygowithus?
(they为主格,us为宾格)
十、名词所有格
名词所有格表达形式,构成在名词后加“‘s“,意思是“……的”。
如:
myclassmate’sbag;Jim’sgrandfather“‘s“通常用于有生命的,而无生命的常用结构…of;如:
aphotoofmyfamily一张全家福thefaceoftheclock钟面amapofChina一张中国地图注意:
当名词后已有s,所有格只加“‘”如:
我父母的相片myparents’picture;同学们的单车thestudents’bikes
区别:
TomandJim’sfather汤姆和吉姆的父亲(TomandJimarebrothers.)
Tom’s(father)andJim’sfather汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲
十一、可数名词数量的表达
milk,chicken,bread,coke,coffee,rice,orangejuice,fish,water,beef,等是不可数名词。
不可数名词通常没有复数形式。
不可数名词通常不能直接与具体的数词连用,如需要表示数量,应:
数词+量词of+不可数名词,如:
acupoftea一杯茶;threepiecesofbread三块面包;tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁;
练习:
1、六瓶牛奶_________________2、两箱子苹果_________________
3、三公斤苹果_____________4、九块面包_________________
5、四瓶橘汁_______________6、五杯茶_________________
7、三袋盐_______________8、六碗米饭_________________
十二、提建议的六种说法:
1.Whynotdo……?
为什么不?
2.Whydon’tyoudo……?
你为什么不?
3.Whataboutdoing…..?
…..怎么样?
4.Howaboutdoing…..?
……如何?
5.Wouldyouliketodo…..?
愿意/想……?
6.Let’sdo……!
让我们干……!
如果同意,则回答:
Yes,I’dliketo/Goodidea./OK/Allright.
如不同意,则回答:
No,let’s…./No,thanks
练习:
()1.---Thankyouverymuch.--_________
A.Welcome!
B.YouarewelcomeC.SureD.Ofcourse
()2.MyfriendBillylives_______China.
A.withB.fromC.underD.in
()3.______heliketheEnglishcorner?
A.DoesB.DoC.IsD.Are
()4.DoyoualwaysspeakEnglish____theEnglishco