yes创新 拓展设计新高考英语题型优化之读后续写素材与练专题6.docx
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yes创新拓展设计新高考英语题型优化之读后续写素材与练专题6
【创新+拓展设计】新高考英语题型优化之读后续写素材与练专题(6)
句子结构
1. "....,"hesaid, doing ... --say后接分词作状语
1)"Ididn'tknowwhatIwasdoing,"shesaid, laughing atthememory.
2)"I'llgetussomecoffee,"shesaid, heading forthekitchen.
3)"That'snice,"Alexsaidquietly, focusing onhisplate.
4)"Veryclever,"saidtheteacher, nodding hisheadasifpleased.
5)"Uncle,forgiveme,Ididthat...unintentionally,"hesaid, pointing tothebrokenglass.
6)"Wedon'tdoanyharm,"saidtheboy,evidently frightened bymywords.
2. "...,"hesaid, as/when/before/asif... --say后接时间状语从句
1)"Watchout!
"sheshouted, as thecarstartedtomove.
2)"Whatabeauty!
"saidthenurse as shecametothedoor.
3. "....,"hesaid, and (thenhe)did....--say后接and,先后动作或构成并列句
1)"Goodmorning,children!
"saidtheminister; and hekindlyshookhandswithboth.
2)"Yes,Ithinkso,"hesaidreluctantly(无奈地), and leftthestudy.
3)"Comehere,"saidthelittleman, and tookhertooneofthecornersofthebuilding.
4. "....,"hesaid, “...”--say后接要说的另一句话
1)"TherewasaletterfromPrinceAndrewtoday,"hesaidtoPrincessMary "Haven'tyoureadit?
"
2)"Well,well!
"saidtheman; "aretherereallypeopleinthisroom?
"
3)"Sinceyoulovehimsowell,"saidtheking, "Iwilltellyousomething.
4)"Sheisaveryadmirableandexcellentyoungwoman,"saidshe, "andyoumustgoandcallonher."
5. ...did.., did, and said,“...”--say前有并列关系的先后动作
He paused, looked straightintohereyes, and said inaquietvoice,"that'strue."
6. "....,"saidtheman, who... --用定语从句补充说明说话的人
1)"Idon'tknow,"saidZeb, who wasstillconfused.
2)"Toyourhealth!
"saidMr.White, who alsoemptiedhisglass,andwipedhismouthwithhishandkerchief.
7. "....,"hesaid+方式副词(-ly)或短语, --作状语修饰say
1)"Ofcourse,"Nacyreplied withasmile.
2)"I'msorry,"shesaid withasigh.
3)"Buttheydon'tunderstandourtalkatall,"saidthedancer withapuzzledsmile.
4)"Natasha,youloveme?
"shesaid inasofttrustfulwhisper.
5)"CometoyourPapaatonce,please!
"saidshe withastrange,excitedlook.
6)"IfonlyIhadknown..."shesaid throughhertears.
强调一下,概要写作一般以议论文或说明文为主,提炼中心词,关键句,不忘承上启下的连接词,千万不要加上自己的观点,一般以第三人称概述。
读后续写应遵从以下原则,下面以一篇原文为例来说明一下读后续写的6大步骤。
1.理解阅读文本,掌握其大意,关注画线关键词
2.找出阅读文本中的悬念,并根据悬念发挥想象,续写故事;
3.理解所给两个段落首句的隐含意思,注意续写故事的连贯性
4.明白读后续写的要求和评分原则。
Step1:
Skimthepassageandfindoutthebasicinformationofthepassage.
重读原文,找记叙文要素之时间、地点和人物
Iwasrespondingtoacallfromasmallbrickflatinaquietpartoftown.IassumedIwasbeingsenttopickupsomeparty-goers,orsomeonewhohadjusthadafightwithalover,oraworkerheadingtoanearlyshiftatsomefactoryfortheindustrialpartoftown.
WhenIarrivedat2:
30a.m.,thebuildingwasdarkexceptforasinglelightinagroundfloorwindow.Undersuchcircumstances,manydriversjusthonk(按喇叭)onceortwice,waitaminute,thendriveaway.ButIhadseentoomanyweakpeoplewhodependedontaxisastheironlymeansoftransportation.
Unlessasituationsmelledofdanger,Ialwayswenttothedoor.
Thispassengermightbesomeonewhoneedsmyassistance,Ireasonedtomyself.SoIwalkedtothedoorandknocked.“Justaminute,”answeredafrail(虚弱的),elderlyvoice.Icouldhearsomethingbeingdraggedacrossthefloor.Afteralongpause,thedooropened.Asmallwomaninher80sstoodbeforeme.Shewaswearingaprintdress(印花裙子)andapillboxhat(小圆帽),likesomebodywhowasgoingtoapartyina1940smovie.Byhersidewasasmallnylonsuitcase.
Theapartmentlookedasifnoonehadlivedinitforyears.Allthefurniturewascoveredwithsheets.Therewerenoclocksonthewalls,noequipmentonthecounters.Inthecornerwasacardboardboxfilledwithphotosandglassware(玻璃器皿).
“Wouldyoucarrymybagouttothecar?
”shesaid.Itookthesuitcasetothecab,thenreturnedtoassistthewoman.Shetookmyarm,andwewalkedslowlytowardthecab.
Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.“It'snothing.IjusttrytotreatmypassengersthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.”Itoldherandaskedwhereshewasheaded.Havinggivenmeanaddress,ahospice(临终医院),sheasked.“Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?
”
Para1:
"Butitisn’ttheshortestway,”Iremindedher.“No,itisn't.”sheanswered,“Butitwasthelastchanceformeto…
Para2:
Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,and…
WHEN:
2:
30am
WHERER:
abrickflatinaquietpartoftown
ahospice--ahospiceisaspecialhospitalforpeoplewhoaredying
WHO:
“I”thedriver,asmallwoman
Step2:
readthepassageagainandfindthedetails.
Abrickflat:
“thebuildingwasdarkexceptforasinglelightinagroundfloorwindow”
“Theapartmentlookedasifnoonehadlivedinitforyears.Allthefurniturewascoveredwithsheets.Therewerenoclocksonthewalls,noequipmentonthecounters.Inthecornerwasacardboardboxfilledwithphotosandglassware(玻璃器皿).”
Downtown:
“‘Butitisn’ttheshortestway,’Iremindedher.‘No,itisn’t.’”
“Butitwasthelastchanceformeto…”
“I”thedriver:
Unlessasituationsmelledofdanger,Ialwayswenttothedoor.
Thispassengermightbesomeonewhoneedsmyassistance,Ireasonedtomyself.
Itookthesuitcasetothecab,thenreturnedtoassistthewoman.Shetookmyarm,andwewalkedslowlytowardthecab.
Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.“It'snothing.IjusttrytotreatmypassengersthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.”
Thesmallwoman:
“ButIhadseentoomanyweakpeoplewhodependedontaxisastheironlymeansoftransportation.”
“‘Justaminute,’answeredafrail(虚弱的),elderlyvoice.Icouldhearsomethingbeingdraggedacrossthefloor.”
“Asmallwomaninher80sstoodbeforeme.Shewaswearingaprintdress(印花裙子)andapillboxhat(小圆帽),likesomebodywhowasgoingtoapartyina1940smovie.Byhersidewasasmallnylonsuitcase.”
“Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.”
“Havinggivenmeanaddress,ahospice(临终医院),sheasked.‘Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?
’”
StepThree:
Readthepassageforthethirdtimeandtrytooutlinethedevelopmentoftheplot:
三读原文,续写情节。
“Butit(throughdowntown)isn’ttheshortestway,”Iremindedher.“No,itisn’t.”sheanswered,“Butitwasthelastchanceformeto…
Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,and…
首先要明确的是,从老人家里蒙着床单的家具(coveredbysheets),司机对她是“身体不好(weakpeople)”的推测,80多岁的高龄(inher80s),虚弱的声音(frailvoice),和没有被补充完整的“最后的机会”(mylastchance),要去临终医院(thehospice)的人肯定是老人自己(thesmallwoman),而不是她的儿子或丈夫甚至父母之类。
根据老人哪怕绕远路也要去市中心,以及她的富有年代感的盛装打扮,应当可以推断出老人是想要去故地重游,在生命终结之前,对往昔岁月进行一场隆重的告别。
所以第一段的主要内容应围绕着“怀旧”来写,可以描述车窗外市中心的场景,辅以老人的诉说(自言自语)。
根据给出的第二段开头“她之前给我的地址”(“theaddressshehadgivenme”)所指为临终医院(thehospice),第二段的主要内容应围绕到达临终医院后老人和司机的互动展开。
为了连接续写的两个段落,第一段结尾最好提一下市中心之旅已经结束,比如“Atlast,shesaidshewastiredandwantedtogotothehospice.”。
根据行驶过程中两人都没有说话(“Wedroveinsilence…”),最好在第一段结尾交代一下原因,比如老人沉浸在回忆中,又想到生命走到尽头,因为悲痛所以没有说话;或者是老人本来会低声自语,但司机提到了让她伤心的往事,于是陷入沉默;再比如老人身体虚弱,所以无力再说话……
Stepfour:
Inferthethemeandfinishtheendofthewriting:
推断主题,完成续写。
可以是体现爱。
虽然司机和老人是陌生人,但是司机把老人当做自己母亲来对待(有些考生还提到老人也觉得司机像自己的儿子),让老人在人生的最后一程感觉到温暖。
文章可以以老人感谢司机结尾(也有同学写到司机经过此事的启发,决定第二天去看望自己的母亲)。
可以是对死亡的思索。
原文中的老人虽然孤苦,但却在告别人生的仪式中穿上了年轻时穿过的裙子(aprintdress)和礼帽(apillboxhat),所以可以顺应原文塑造一下老人或是优雅从容或是乐观豁达去赴“死亡之约”(thepartyofdeath)的形象。
文章可以以司机为老人感动结尾。
StepFive:
briefthestudentssomeunreasonablepoints.
以孩子为重点。
“Itturnedoutthatshewasdiagnosedwithcancerandbecamesingleafterherson’sdeath.”Para1:
去看儿子(结婚五年了,没来看过她)Para2:
回忆儿子的各种好。
点评:
不要增加不必要的跟主题无关的故事情节。
(比如讲述儿子是怎么死的?
---有的交通事故,有的交友不慎,走上犯罪的道路,有的跟妈妈有过节,不来看妈妈等等。
)
老人死在路上。
“…andwhenwearrivedatthehospice,IfoundthatshehadpassedawayasIopenedthedoortoassisther.”
点评:
(尽量不要安排这样的情节。
老妇人是一个很有计划的人---看她的打扮,看她的说话方式,看她打电话叫车,看她家里的家具sheets)
结尾过于出乎意料,偏离主题。
“Idrovebackhome,openedthesuitcaseandfounditwasfilledwithmoney.(crazyaboutmoney?
)
StepSix:
Briefthestudentssomeexcellentideas.
第一段重游市中心的过程中,司机故意开得很慢,为了让老人不留遗憾。
第二段老人下车时,要付钱给司机,司机拒绝了。
适当呼应前文。
·Shesmiledandturnedaround,saying"goodbye"asifshewasgoingtoapartyina1940smovie.
·Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,andwithmyassistance,shegotoutofthecar.Shethankedmeagainandmadeanattempttopayme,whichimmediatelymetwithmyrejection.Withaglimpsenotonpurposethough,Isawaphotoinherpurse.Asshemadeherwaytothehospicewithastagger,thedawnappearedandoutlinedhersmallfigure.Bathinginthelightofthemorningsun,sheturnedaroundandwavedmegoodbyewithawarmsmile,sowarmthatitremindedmeofwhatIhadseeninthatphoto:
Ayoungcouple,thehusbandinasoldiersuit,andthewifewearingaprintdressandapillboxhat.
参考范文
Paragraph1:
Havinggivenmeanaddress,ahospice,sheasked."Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?
"Askedwhywedidn'ttaketheshortestway,thesmallwomantoldmeitwasthelastchanceforherto visitthecity.Wedrovethroughtheneighborhoodwheresheandherhusbandhadlived.Besides,sheaskedmetoslowinfrontofaparticularbuildingorcornerandwouldsitstaringintothedarkness,sayingnothing.Atlast,shesaidshewastiredandwantedtogotothehospice.
她给了我一个地址,一个收容所,她问。
“你能开车穿过市中心吗?
”当被问及我们为什么不走最短的路时,那个小女人告诉我,这是她最后一次有机会参观这个城市。
我们开车穿过她和她丈夫住过的社区。
此外,她让我在某幢建筑物或拐角处前减速,坐在那里盯着黑暗,什么也没说。
最后,她说她累了,想去临终关怀医院。
Paragraph2:
wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme,and itwasalowbuilding,wheretheoldladywouldlivetherestofherlife.Twonurseswhomusthavebeenexpectinghercameouttothecabassoonaswepulledup.Iopenedthetrunkandtookthesuitcasetothedoorandthewomanwasalreadyseatedinawheelchair.Whensheaskedhowmuchsheowedme,withoutthinking,Isaidnothingandbenttogiveherahug.Itwasmyassistanc