深圳英语英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合.docx

深圳英语英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合.docx

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深圳英语英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解综合

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   CamperLunchProgram

   WearepleasedtooffertheCamperLunchProgramforfull-daycampersorcampersparticipatinginbothmorningandafternoonhalf-daycamps.

   LunchattheOverlakeSchool

   AttheOverlakeSchoolinRedmond,youcansignupforlunchatthetimeofregistration.Lunchisprovidedbytheschoolcafeteriaincludingahotmaindishandasaladbaroption.Limiteddietrestrictionscanbeaccommodatedinadvance.Allordersorcancellationsmustbemadeby4:

00pmonWednesday.

   $40for5-daycampweek

   $32for4-daycampweek

   LunchatViewSeattle

   Twoweeksbeforeyourcampstartdate,youwillreceivealinkinyourconfirmationemailtochooseyourpreferencebetweentheregularandvegetarian（素的）lunchmenus.Besides,camperwithallergiesorsensitivitiesareencouragedtobringtheirownlunch.

   $40for5-daycampweek

   $38for4-daycampweek

   LunchatSt.ThomasSchool

   AtSt.ThomasSchool,lunchandsnacksareprovidedbySAGEDining.Lunchincludesahotmaindish,asaladbarandsandwichoptions.Campersalsoreceivetwosnacksperday.

   $50for5-daycampweek

   $45for4-daycampweek

   LunchatPacificScienceCenter

   AtPacificScienceCenter,youcansignupatthetimeofregistration.LunchisprovidedbyourveryownPacificScienceCenterCafe.Everyday,standardandvegetarianlunchmenusareavailableandcomewithawaterbottleandtwosnacks.Allordersorcancellationsmustbemadeby4:

00pmonWednesday.

   $45for5-daycampweek

   $36for4-daycampweek

（1）Whichprogramcanacamperwithabudgetof$35choose?

A.LunchattheOverlakeSchool.

B.LunchatViewSeattle.

C.LunchatSt.ThomasSchool.

D.LunchatPacificScienceCenter.

（2）WhatarecampersforLunchatViewSeattlerequiredtodo?

A.Stayfarawayfromanythingwithallergies.

B.Choosetheirlunchpreferencesinadvance.

C.Avoidbringingtheirownlunchforanyreason.

D.Sendemailstoofferadviceonimprovinglunch.

（3）Whatdothelasttwoprogramshaveincommon?

A.TheyreceiveregistrationsonlyonWednesday.

B.Theyencouragecamperstobringsomesnacks.

C.Theyaremainlyintendedforvegetariancampers.

D.Theyprovidecamperswithtwosnackseachday.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向露营者介绍了一些午餐项目的相关信息。

（1）考查细节理解。

对比四个项目的价格可知,预算是35美元的露营者只能选择LunchattheOverlakeSchool这个项目。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据LunchatViewSeattle部分中的“Twoweeksbeforeyourcampstartdate,youwillreceivealinkinyourconfirmationemailtochooseyourpreferencebetweentheregularandvegetarian（素的）lunchmenus.”可知，LunchatViewSeattle这个项目的露营者需要提前选择自己的午餐偏好。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据LunchatSt.ThomasSchool部分中的“Campersalsoreceivetwosnacksperday.”和LunchatPacificScienceCenter部分中的“Everyday，standardandvegetarianlunchmenusareavailableandcomewithawaterbottleandtwosnacks.”可知，两个项目的共同之处是它们每天给露营者提供两顿零食。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   In1953,amountainclimberreportedseeingabar-headedgoosesoaroverthepeakofMountEverest（珠穆朗玛）.Itwasthoughtimpossible.Nowresearcherswhoraised19ofthegeese—namedfortheblackstripesonthebacksoftheirheads—haveshownthebirdsreallyflysohigh.

   Theteamtrainedtheyoungsterstoflyinalargewindtunnelwearingbackpacksandfacemasksfullofsensorsthatrecordedtheirheartrate.bloodoxygenlevels,temperature,andmetabolicrate—howmanycaloriestheyburnedperhour.Theresearcherssimulated（模拟）10w-,medium-,andhigh-altitudeconditionsbyalteringtheconcentrationofoxygensuppliedtofacemaskswornbyeachgooseasitflewinthetunnel.

   Birdsalreadyhaveabetterheartandlungsthanmammalsforsustainedphysicalactivity.Andresearchersknewthatbar-headedgeesehaveevenlarger,thinnerlungsthatletthembreathemoredeeplyandanevenbiggerhearttopumpmoreoxygentomusclesthanotherbirds.

   Thewindtunnelexperimentsshowedthatwhentheconcentrationofoxygenwasatitslowest-likethe7%foundontopofMountEverestversus21%atsealevel—thegeese'sheartrateandfrequencyofwingbeatsremainedthesameevenastheirmetabolicratedropped.Somehow,thebirdsmanagedtocooldowntheirblood-themeasuredbloodtemperaturedroppedsoitcouldtakeinmoreoxygen,theresearchersreporttodayineLife.Thiscoolinglikelyhelpscompensatefortheverythinair,theteamsays.

   Althoughwelltrained,thebirdswereonlywillingtostayintheairafewminutes-orlesswhenwearingtheirbackpacksandflyingat6ihigh"altitudes.Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest.ButthosefewminutesshowedthesegeesereallycouldflyoverthetopofMountEverest.

（1）Whydidtheresearchersraise19bar-headedgeeseandtrainthem?

A. Totesttheflyingheightandspeedofthem.

B. ToconfirmtheycouldflyoverMountEverest.

C. Toobservethemflyingthroughthewindtunnel.

D. Toseehowmanycaloriestheyburnedperhour.

（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthewindtunnelexperiment?

A. Itwascarriedoutatveryhighaltitude.

B. Thegeesemanagedtobreathelesswhentheirblooddecreased.

C. Thegeesecouldlivethroughthelowestconcentrationofoxygen.

D. Itshowsthegeesecouldflyathighaltitudeforlong.

（3）Whatstillpuzzlesscientistsaboutthegeese?

A. Whethertheyhavesuperheartsandlungs.

B. Whethertheyhavemusclespumpedmoreoxygento.

C. Whethertheyarewillingtowearbackpacksandfacemasks.

D. Whethertheycanmanagetofly8hourstoclimboverMountEverest.

（4）Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?

A. Asciencefiction.       

B. Aclimbingguide.       

C. Atravelbrochure.       

D. Asciencereport.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，为了确认其真实性，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。

结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"In1953,amountainclimberreportedseeingabar-headedgoosesoaroverthepeakofMountEverest.Itwasthoughtimpossible."报道说，一名登山者看到一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。

人们认为这是不可能的；以及"Nowresearcherswhoraised19ofthegeese-namedfortheblackstripesonthebacksoftheirheads-haveshownthebirdsreallyflysohigh."现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。

再根据最后一段中的"Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest.ButthosefewminutesshowedthesegeesereallycouldflyoverthetopofMountEverest."但是否能让这种鹅飞8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚不清楚。

由此可推断出研究人员饲养这种鹅是为了证实这种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的"Thewindtunnelexperimentsshowedthatwhentheconcentrationofoxygen...thegeese'sheartrateandfrequencyofwingbeatsremainedthesameevenastheirmetabolicratedropped....theresearchersreporttodayinelife.Thiscoolinglikelyhelpscomp"可知风洞实验表明，当氧气浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。

研究人员今天在《伊利费》杂志上报道说，...这种降温可能有助于补偿空气的稀薄；第五段中的"Althoughwelltrained,thebirdswereonlywillingtostayintheairafewminutes-orless..."尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。

这两处综合推断出，鹅可以在最低浓度的氧气中生存。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest."可知，目前尚不清楚的是，只有这些适应性变化能否可以飞行8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

第一段中提到登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。

为了证实是否可能，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。

结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。

由此可知本文属于科普文章。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Antarcticahasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostpopulartouristdestinations.Since1969,theaveragenumberofvisitorstothecontinenthasincreasedfromseveralhundredtoover34,000today.AllactivitiesinAntarcticaareheavilysupervisedbytheAntarctictreatyforenvironmentalprotectionpurposesandtheindustryislargelymanagedbytheInternationalAssociationofAntarcticaTourOperators（IAATO）.

   Thefirstexpedition（探险）toAntarcticawithtravelerswasin1966,ledbySwedishexplorerLarsEricLindblad.Hewantedtogivetouristsfirst-handexperienceoftheecologicalsensitivityoftheAntarcticenvironment,inordertoeducatethemandpromoteagreaterunderstandingofthecontinent'sroleintheworld.In1969,Lindbladbuilttheworld'sfirstexpeditionship,theMSLindbladExplorer,whichwasspecificallydesignedtotransporttouriststoAntarctica.

   In1977,bothAustraliaandNewZealandstartedtoofferscenicflightstoAntarcticathroughQantasandAirNewZealand.Theflightsoftenflewtothecontinentwithoutlandingandreturnedtothedepartureairport.Theexperiencewasanaverage12to14hourswithupto4hoursofflyingdirectlyoverthecontinent.TheflightsfromAustraliaandNewZealandstoppedin1980.ItwaslargelyduetotheAirNewZealandFlight901accidentonNovember28,1979.In1994,flightstoAntarcticacontinuedagain.

   Despitethepotentialdangersandrisks,tripstoAntarcticacontinuedtogrow.AccordingtoIAATO,34,354travelersvisitedthecontinentbetween2012and2013.Americanscontributedtothelargestsharewith10,677visitors,or31.1%,followedbyGermans11.1%,Australians10.7%,andtheBritish10.2%.TherestofthevisitorswerefromChina,Canada,Switzerland,Franceandelsewhere.

   ThecostofatriptoAntarcticacanrangefromaslittleas$3,000-$4,000toover$40,000,dependingonthescopeoftransportation,housing,andactivityneeds.Thehigherendpackagestypicallyinvolveairtransport,on-sitecamping,andavisittotheSouthPole.

（1）Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"supervised"inParagraph1?

A. Protected.                      

B. Monitored.                      

C. Supported.                      

D. Forbidden.

（2）What'sLarsEricLi