大学英语B阅读理解.docx
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大学英语B阅读理解
阅读理解
1、Thedarksmokethatcomesoutofstacks（大烟囱）orfromaburningdump（垃圾）containstinybitsofsolidorliquidmatter.Thesmokealsocontainsmanygases,mostofwhichcannotbeseen.Altogether,theymakeuptheseriousproblemsofairpollution.Insomanyplacesitkeepsusfromseeingthesun,irritate（刺痛）oureyes,causesustocoughandmakesusill.
Airpollutioncanspreadfromcitytocity.Itevenspreadsfromonecountrytoanother.SomenorthernEuropeancountrieshavehad"blacksnow"frompollutantsthathavetraveledthroughtheairfromothercountriesandhavefallenwiththesnow.Soairpollutionisaglobalproblem.Itcankillbabies,olderpeopleandthosewhohaverespiratory（呼吸）disease.In1952,fourthousandspeopledieinoneweekasaresultofaseriousairpollutionbreakoutinLondon.In1948inasmalltownofPennsylvania,20peoplediedinafour-dayperiodofairpollution.Asoftenfoundincities,airpollutionincreasestherisksoflungdisease,suchasbronchitisandasthma.Ofcourse,smokingandotherfactorshelptocausetheseillnesses,too,butthesecauseshaveincreasedgreatlyduringrecentyearsasairpollutionhasbecomeworse.
（1）、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthe"blacksnow"incident?
A：
IthappenedinthenorthernEuropeancountries.
B：
Ithappenedtherebecauseairpollutioninthesecountrieswasmostserious.
C：
Pollutantsthatfellwithsnowmadeitdirty.
D：
Itisaglobalproblem.
答案：
B
（2）、Whocanbekilledbyairpollution?
A：
Earthandplants.
B：
Stonesandbirds.
C：
Thosewhosufferfromrespiratoryillnesses.
D：
BothAandC.
答案：
C
（3）、HowmanypeoplediedofairpollutioninPennsylvaniain1948?
A：
4,000.
B：
20.
C：
None.
D：
4020.
答案：
B
（4）、Whatarebronchitisandasthma?
A：
Differenttypesofheadaches.
B：
Lungdisease.
C：
Heartdiseases.
D：
Differenttypesofstomachaches.
答案：
B
（5）、Accordingtothepassage,airpollutionincreasespeople'schanceofgetting______?
A：
Headache.
B：
Alungdisease.
C：
Stomachache.
D：
Nervousbreakdown.
答案：
B
2、Aslongasthesunshines,theearthwillnotrunoutofenergy.Thesunpoursmoreenergyonearththanwecaneveruse.Mostofthatenergycomestousasheatandlight.Energyfromthesuniscalledsolarenergy.
Anythingtodowiththesuniscalled"solar".ThewordbeganwiththeRomanwordforthesunandtheirgodofthesun,whowascalledSol.Solarenergyisasafekindofenergy.Itdoesn'tmakepollutionorhavedangerousleftovers.Thatiswhyscientistsandinvestorsareexperimentingwithwaysofharnessing（治理利用）thesuntodosomeofthejobsfossilfuelshavebeendoing.
Buttomakethesundoworklikethat,theyhavetosolvesomeproblems.Theyhavetocollectthesun'senergy.Collectingsunshineisnoteasy,unlessyouareaplant.Sunshineisnoteasytostore,either.Youcan'tfillatankwithitorputitinthewoodbox.Youcannotmoveitthroughapipeorawire.Youcannotjustturniton.
（1）、Whatformdoesmostofsolarenergytaketoreachus?
A：
Light.
B：
Heat.
C：
gas.
D：
bothAandB.
答案：
D
（2）、Wheredoestheword"solar"comefrom?
A：
Greek.
B：
Roman.
C：
OldEnglish.
D：
Chinese.
答案：
B
（3）、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofsolarenergy?
A：
Itisasafeenergy.
B：
Itisagreenenergy.
C：
Itmaycausepollutiontotheair.
D：
Itisendless.
答案：
C
（4）、Whataretheproblemsfacingscientistswhowanttousesolarenergy?
A：
Itisnoteasytocollect.
B：
Itisnoteasytostore.
C：
Itisnoteasytofindout.
D：
bothAandB.
答案：
D
（5）、Whatisthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?
A：
Togiveabriefintroductiontosolarenergy.
B：
Toexplainthereasonwhyitisnoteasytomakesolarenergy.
C：
Togiveinformationabouttheadvantagesofsolarenergy.
D：
Togiveabriefintroductiontotheword"solar".
答案：
A
3、Theidealteachermaybeyoungorold,tallorshort,fatorthin.Heshouldknowhissubject,buthecanmakemistakesifheiswillingtolearn.Hispersonalityisasimportantashisscholarship.Theidealteachermustbeenthusiastic.Hemustneverteachanythinghehimselfisnotinterestedin.Heshouldbeabitofanactorandheshouldnotbeafraidtoshowhisfeelingsandexpresshislikesanddislikes.Hemustlikehisstudentsandrespectthem,buthemustalsorespecthimselfandtakeprideinhiswork.Otherwise,hecannotrespecthisstudentsandwinrespectfromthem.Theidealteachershouldhaveanunderstandingofhisstudentsandbeabletorelatetothem.Heneedsstudents'understanding,too.Theidealteachershouldbekind,encouraging,andhelpfulandheshouldmotivatehisstudentstoseekknowledge.Theidealteachershouldseehisstudentsasindividualsandacknowledgetheirdifferences.Hemustknowhowtoencouragetheself-developmentandgrowthofeachofhisstudents.Theidealteacherisonewhogrows,learns,andimproveshimselfalongwithhisstudents.
（1）、Whichofthefollowingistheleastimportantinjudginganidealteacheraccordingtothepassage?
A：
Hisageandappearance.
B：
Hispersonality.
C：
Hisscholarship.
D：
Hisattitudetowardshisstudents.
答案：
A
（2）、Cananidealteachermakemistakes?
A：
No.Heshouldbeverycarefulnottomakeanymistakes.
B：
Yes.Becauseheknowstoolittle.
C：
No.Heshouldalwaysbetheauthoritytohisstudents.
D：
Yes.Butheshouldbewillingtolearn.
答案：
D
（3）、Whatrelationshipshouldbesetupbetweenanidealteacherandhisstudentsaccordingtothepassage?
A：
Mutualrespectandunderstanding.
B：
Mutualencouragementandhelp.
C：
Mutualaidandaffection.
D：
Mutualsupportandinspiration.
答案：
A
（4）、Howdoesanidealteacherviewhisstudents?
A：
Astalentedyoungpeople.
B：
Asdifferentfromeachother.
C：
Asself-centeredindividuals.
D：
Asunderstanding,respectfulindividuals.
答案：
B
（5）、Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A：
Anidealteachershouldseldomsetanexampleforhisstudents.
B：
Teachersandstudentsbenefiteachotherintheprocessofteachingandlearning.
C：
Studentsshouldneverexpecttheirteacherstobeideal.
D：
Anyonewhoistryingtoimprovehimselfconstantlyisanidealteacher.
答案：
B
4、EducationintheUnitedStatesisusuallydividedintofourlevels.Theseareearlychildren,elementary,secondaryandhighereducation.Schoolattendanceisrequiredineverystateofthecountry,andinmoststatesstudentsmustattendschoolfromtheageof6to16.
Thefirstlevelisearlychildhoodeducation.Itsmainpurposeistopreparechildrenforschool.
Thesecondleveliselementaryeducation.Educationatthislevelisdividedintosixoreightgrades,andchildrenlearnreading,arithmetic,writing,socialstudiesandscience.Theyalsohaveart,musicandphysicaleducation.
Thethirdlevelissecondaryeducation.Itisforjuniorandseniorhighschoolstudents.Somestudentstakecoursestopreparethemselvesforcollege.Otherstudentstaketechnicalorvocationalcoursesthatpreparethemforjobsaftertheygraduatefromhighschool.
Highereducationcontinuesafterhighschool.Therearemanykindsofinstitutionsofhighereducation.Technicalinstitutesoffertwo-yearprogramsinelectronics,engineering,businessandothersubjects.Aftertwoyearsatajuniorcollege,studentsreceiveanassociatedegreeandthentheycancontinueatafour-yearcollege.
（1）、Whattopicdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
A：
EducationpolicyintheUSA.
B：
ThefourlevelsofAmericaneducation.
C：
ThepurposeofAmericaneducationatdifferentlevels.
D：
ThesubjectsofferedatdifferentlevelsofAmericaneducation.
答案：
B
（2）、IsschoolattendancerequiredintheUSA?
A：
Yes,itisrequiredinthewholecountry.
B：
Yes,butonlyinsomestates.
C：
Yes,itisrequiredinmoststatesofthecountry.
D：
Yes,butnotuntilchildrenreachtheageof16.
答案：
A
（3）、Atwhatlevel（s）areprogramsoftechnicalandvocationalcoursesoffered?
A：
The1stand2ndlevels.
B：
The2ndand3rdlevels.
C：
The3rdand4thlevels.
D：
The4thlevelsonly.
答案：
C
（5）、Whatwouldmostprobablybetalkedaboutinthenextparagraph?
A：
Undergraduateeducation.
B：
Post-graduate（研究生）education.
C：
Pre-schooleducation.
D：
Adulteducation.
答案：
B
5、PubsaresupposedtobetheEnglishman'sfavoritemeetingplace,wherehecangettogetherwithafewfriendsoverapintofbeerandtalkaboutfootball,orhorseracing,orbusiness.
Youmaynoticethatthepubistheplaceformen,butnotforwomen.Evennowitisstillnotquiterespectableforawomantogointoapubalone;shemusthaveamantoescort（护卫）andprotecther.Perhapsthatispartlywhypubsdepressme-theyareintendedmainlytoprovideformaleinterests,whichareoftenprettynarrow.Ithinkthismale-dominatedatmospherealsoremindsmeofmylifebackatschool,orinthearmy,neitherofwhichisanexperienceImuchwanttorelive.
However,I'mobviouslyintheminority.MostEnglishmenhavetheirlocalpubs,wheretheycanescapefromthepressuresoffamilylifeorwork,andiftheyarelucky,telltheirtroublestoaprettybarmaid.Indeed,manymendreamofretiringfromtheir9-5jobsandbuyingalittlecountrypub,wheretheyimaginethey'llbethehostofaseven-night-a-weekparty.Thisdreamusuallydieswhencleaningupspilledbeeratoneo'clockinthemorning.
Still,there'spubforeverytypeofman,fromthecitysophisticatetotheruralprimitive,andamanforeverytypeofpub.AndImustadmitthat,forsomeonewhodoesn'tlikethem,Ispentalotoftimeinpubsofvariouskinds.
（1）、ForwhatdoEnglishmengotothepubs?
A：
Theygotheretomakefriends.
B：
Theygotomeetandtalkwiththeirfriendsoversomebeer.
C：
Theygotheretoseetheprettybarmaid.
D：
Theygotheretodobusinessdealings.
答案：
B
（2）、Whatdoesn'tthespeakerlikeaboutthepubs?
A：
Thesmellofalco
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