高中英语名词性从句讲解.docx

高中英语名词性从句讲解.docx

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高中英语名词性从句讲解

高中英语名词性从句讲解-

名词性从句

PART1

完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句

1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.

A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If

2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what

3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether

4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.

A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move

名词性从句的功能：

相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。

主语）主语）表语）表语）

Idon’t宾语）

Idon’t宾语）

Idon’tknowabout同位语）

Idon’tknowabout同位语）

得出结论：

因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

PART2

名词性从句的类型：

1.主语从句：

在复合句中作主句的主语。

连接词有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,why等。

如:

__________heisafamoussingerisknowntous.

__________hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.

__________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.

__________broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.

注意：

1.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。

记住以下it作形式主语的句型：

It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…

Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧…

It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…

It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…

It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge（众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…

Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggray.

A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for

Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

A.howB.thatC.whenD.what

Itisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.

A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作

主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。

tbeenfound.

Exercises:

.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever

______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.

A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.How

It’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.

A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That

______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mail

account.

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

2.表语从句：

在复合句中作主句的表语。

引导词有连词that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,whose;when,where,how,why,because等。

如:

Theproblemis_________wedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.

Thisis_________Henrysolvedtheproblem.

Hissuggestionis_________we（should）finishtheworkatonce.

Itlooked_________itwasgoingtorain.

Thereason_________wedidn'ttrusthimis_________hehasoftenlied．

注意：

1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。

他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe（should）finishtheworkatonce.

2.Thereasonisthat……的理由是，…的原因是…

Thereason__________hewaslateagainwas__________hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.

Thereason______Ihavetogois______mymotherisillinbed.

A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because

3.Itisbecause…这是因为…

Exercises:

Thisis______shewasborn.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what

Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis______hehasneverwastedhistime.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what

Myadviceisthathe______schoolbybike.

A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto

______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that

Energyis______makesthingswork.

A.whatB.everythingC.somethingD.anything

3.宾语从句：

在复合句中作主句的宾语。

引导词有连词that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which;when,where,how,why等。

如:

（1）V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：

Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?

/Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.

Ijustdon’tunderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasone

mightexpect.

A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis

---Don’tyoubelieveme?

---______,Iwillbelieve______yousay.

A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever

“Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?

”“Theyalwaysletmedo______Ithink

Ishould.”

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

（2）prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”：

He’spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.

Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests.

A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyone

Marywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

Itwasamatterof______wouldtaketheposition.

A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever

（3）adj+宾语从句，即“形宾”：

I’msurethatmybrotherwilllovethejacket./Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme.

不能误将”It+be+adj+that”的主语从句当成宾语从句.

如：

ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.

注意：

（1）whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。

但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。

Iwonderifitdoesn’train.

②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。

Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）

③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换成if。

Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.

Idon’tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.

④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。

whether可与不定式连用，构成whethertodo结构。

whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。

Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.

Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.

Exercises:

Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

__________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

We’reworriedabout__________heissafe.

Idon’tknow__________heiswellornot.

Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell.

Thequestionis__________heshoulddoit.

Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

（2）如果宾语从句是由that引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个

that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.

Hesaid（that）thetextwasverydifficultandthatwehadtoworkhardatit.

Mydeskmatetoldme（that）hewatchedafootballmatchlastnight,butthatitwasverydiscouraging.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillwinthegame.

IfinditnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.

WefinditnecessarythatwepracticespokenEnglisheveryday.

（3）表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise,suggest,order,request,require,demand等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。

（4）在“主语+believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。

Idon’tthinkhewillcome.

Idon’tthinkI’lltroubleyouagain.

Idon’texpectthattheywillgetmarriedsoon.

（5）宾语从句的时态呼应：

a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.

他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________.

b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_________________________.

b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。

他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.Hetoldme_______________________________.

他说他已离开家乡十年了。

Hetoldme_________________________________.

老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.Theteachertoldus_________________________.

Exercises:

Doyousee______Imean?

A.thatB./C.howD.what

Tellme______isonyourmind.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why

Wemuststickto______wehaveagreedon.

A.whatB.that

Letmesee______.

A.thatcanIrepairtheradio

C.Icanrepairtheradio

Keepinmind______.

A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersayB.whetherIcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradioC./D.how

C.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid

4.同位语从句：

在复合句中起同位语的作用。

一般放在名词idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news,information;hope;thought;promise等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词。

常用that,whether,who,whom,when,where,why,how,which等引导（whose和which不引导同位语从句）

Weallknowthetruth______theearthgoesroundthesun.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether

Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where

Theproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.

A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if

Theyexpressedthehope______theywouldcomeovertoChina.

A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when

Thefact______hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what

注意：

1.名词suggestion,advice,order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略。

a.Thesuggestionthathe______atthemeetingwasagreedtobymostpeople.

A.wasputforwardB.putforward

C.shouldlookforwardD.lookedforward

b.Thesuggestionthatwe______topicniconSundaywasagreedtobymostpeople.

AwentB.wouldgoC.goD.wereallowedtogo

2.同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。

HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.

WordcamethatTomwouldgoabroad.

Thequestioncameupatthemeeting______wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

There’safeelinginme______we’llneverknowwhataUFOis-----notever.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.

A.howB.thatC.whenD.what

Dandyleftwordwithmysecretary______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.

A.whoB.thatC.asD.which

3.如何判断同位语从句和定语从句?

a.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。

定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。

b.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。

引导同位语从句的that

在同位语从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.

五．名词性从句的考点归纳：

1.名词性从句的语序：

a.That+陈述句：

---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.

---______itmademenearlymad.

A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak

b.疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述语序，不能用一般疑问句语序,即“疑问词+句子的剩余成分”。

Idon’tknowwhenhewillgotoNanjing.a.Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.（）

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.（）

b.Couldyoutellmewherehelive