高中英语名词性从句讲解.docx

1、高中英语名词性从句讲解高中英语名词性从句讲解- 名词性从句PART 1完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We a

2、ll know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move名词性从句的功能： 相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。 主语) 主语) 表语) 表语)I dont宾语)I dont宾语)I dont know about同位语)I dont know about 同位语)得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。PART 2名词性从句的类型：1.

3、 主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that, whether; who, what ,which; when ,where, how, why 等。 如: _ he is a famous singer is known to us. _ he will go to America is not yet fixed. _ shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. _ broke the glass yesterday is not clear.注意：1. 为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻, 经常用it作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。

4、记住以下it作形式主语的句型：Its likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that很可能 / 重要的是 / 必要的是 / 很清楚 Its said / reported that据说/据报道It seems / appears / happens that显然、明显、碰巧Its been announced / declared that已经通知/宣布Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）/ a common saying（俗话说）

5、that It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. while B. that C. if D. for It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. what It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. which B. where C. what D. that2. 单个的主语从句作主语时， 谓语动词用句

6、单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。t been found.Exercises: ._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever _I can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy.A. Where B. What C. That D. How Its not clear _ was responsible for th

7、e accident.A. Who B. What C. How D. That _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mailaccount.A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires2. 表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that , whether, as if, as though; who, what, which, whose; when, where

8、, how, why, because 等。如: The problem is _ we didnt get in touch with him. This is _ Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is _ we (should) finish the work at once. It looked _ it was going to rain. The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied注意：1. 如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order, dema

9、nd, proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.2. The reason is that 的理由是， 的原因是The reason _ he was late again was _ he was caught in the traffic jam.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A .why; why B. why

10、; because C. why ; that D. that; because3. It is because 这是因为Exercises: This is _ she was born.A. where B. which C. that D. what The question is _ we cant go there today.A. that B. what C. which D. when The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C.

11、 that D. what My advice is that he _ school by bike.A. go to B. would go to C. goes to D. went to _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that Energy is _ makes things work.A. what B. everything C. som

12、ething D. anything3.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。 引导词有连词that , whether, if; who, whom, whose, what ,which; when ,where, how, why 等。如:(1) V + 宾语从句，即“动宾”：We believe that he is honest. / I asked if they had a cheap suit. / Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? / I really dont know what he is doing. I just dont

13、 understand_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as onemight expect.A .why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is - Dont you believe me?- _, I will believe _ you say.A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what C. No; no matter what D. Yes; whatever “What did your parents think

14、 about your decision?” “They always let me do _ I thinkI should.”A. when B. that C. how D. what(2) prep + 宾语从句，即“介宾”：Hes pleased with what we did yesterday. / Pay attention to what the teacher said. I wish to have a friend with _ shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomever B. no matter who C. whoeve

15、r D. anyone Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A. why B. what C. who D. that It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever(3) adj + 宾语从句，即“形宾”：Im sure that my brother will love the jacket. / I am glad that you can come and help me.不能误将

16、”It + be + adj + that” 的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.注意：(1) whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。Please let me know whether you want to go.（如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换

17、成if；不直接连用，可换成if。I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用，构成whether to do结构。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you ha

18、ve time.Exercises: I asked her _ she had a bike. _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Were worried about _ he is safe. I dont know _ he is well or not. I dont know _ or not he is well. The question is _ he should do it. The doctor can hardly answer the question _ t

19、he old man will recover soon.(2) 如果宾语从句是由that 引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句, 那么只有第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.He said ( that ) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My desk mate told me (that ) he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging. 如果宾语从

20、句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略. He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(3) 表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,

21、should可省略。(4) 在“主语+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。I dont think he will come.I dont think Ill trouble you again.I dont expect that they will get married soon.(5) 宾语从句的时态呼应：a. 如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ .b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Pleas

22、e tell me _.b. 如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备. He told me _.他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的. The teacher told us _.Exercises: Do you see _ I mean?A. that B./ C. how D. what Tell me_ is on your mind.A. that B. what C. which D. why We must sti

23、ck to _ we have agreed on.A. what B. that Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radioC. I can repair the radio Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say B. whether I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radio C. / D. howC. that did the teacher say D. what the te

24、acher said4. 同位语从句：在复合句中起同位语的作用。 一般放在名词 idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ；problem ；news, information; hope; thought; promise等之后, 用以说明或解释前面的名词。常用 that, whether, who, whom, when, where, why, how, which等引导(whose和which 不引导同位语从句) We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A. that B. which C. what D.

25、 whether We heard the news _ our team had won.A. which B. that C. what D. where The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. which B. that C. whether D. if They expressed the hope _they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. when The fact_he didnt see Tom yesterday is

26、 true.A. that B. which C. when D. what注意：1. 名词suggestion, advice, order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形, should可省略。 a. The suggestion that he _ at the meeting was agreed to by most people.A. was put forward B. put forwardC. should look forward D. looked forwardb. The suggestion that we _ to picnic on Sun

27、day was agreed to by most people.A went B. would go C. go D. were allowed to go2. 同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.Word came that Tom would go abroad. The question came up at the meeting _we had enough money for our research.A. that B

28、. what C. which D. whether Theres a feeling in me _well never know what a UFO is-not ever.A. that B. which C. of which D. what It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A. how B. that C. when D. what Dandy left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon

29、.A. who B. that C. as D. which3. 如何判断同位语从句和定语从句?a. 定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。b. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用, 无具体含义,且不可省略.五名词性从句的考点归纳：1. 名词性从句的语序：a. That + 陈述句：- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.- _ it made me nearly mad.A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His breakb. 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述语序，不能用一般疑问句语序, 即“疑问词+句子的剩余成分”。 I dont know when he will go to Nanjing.a. How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )b. Could you tell me where he live