从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观.docx
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从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观
从伊丽莎白一世的婚姻看现代爱情观
Abstract
Inallages,loveisaneternalsubject.Theresearchonithasneverended.Asforthedefinitionoflove,everyonehashisunderstanding.Someonethinksitisahopeoninternalspirit,whileothersthinkitisbread,anaccessoryofmoneyorpower.Whatevertheircomprehensionsare,perfectloveisalwaysmoving.Manyclassicallovestoriesmakeacleardefinitionoflove:
loveisasacrificeforeachother.However,itisjustendowedwithaperfectsense,howmanypeoplecouldachievethat?
AfterreadingthelovestoryaboutElizabethⅠ,thisviewisstrengthened.ElizabethⅠrefusedtomarryherloverbecauseofpower,andusedthemarriageasachipofdiplomaticpolicy,therefore,sheisdestinedtobesingleforawholelife.Inmodernsociety,loveisdepreciating.Itisbecomingatooltogetfame,materialdesireandsexualdesire.Althoughloveisgreat,itisalsointheshadeinfrontofsomematerialthings.Inthisdog-eat-dogage,loveisjustatooltogetselfishdesire.
KeyWords
Love;marriage;diplomaticpolicy;interests
摘要
从古至今,爱情都是一个永恒的主题。
人们对于它的研究,也从来没有间断过。
对于爱情的定义,每个人都有不同的理解。
有人认为爱情是一种心灵的寄托,但也有人认为它不过就是“面包”,是金钱,权力的附属品。
不管人们对它有着怎样的理解,完美的爱情总是让人感动。
许多至今流芳百世的爱情故事则为爱情下了一个比较明确的定义:
爱情就是两个人为了对方可以牺牲一切.不过这只是完美意义上的爱情,在现实生活中又有多少人能做到呢?
看过一些关于英国历史上有名的女王伊丽莎白一世的爱情故事后,这种观点更加得到证实。
她为了避免别人分享她的王冠,拒绝与所爱的人结婚,并把自己的婚姻作为外交政策的诱饵,因此孤独一生。
在现实生活中,爱情正慢慢地贬值,正慢慢地成为一种人们获取名利、物质和性欲等一些东西的手段。
爱情固然是伟大的,但是在一些实际的东西:
金钱、名利等面前就逊色多了。
在这个竞争激烈的年代,爱情只是满足自己私欲的手段。
。
关键词
爱情;婚姻;外交政策;利益
Introduction
Whatislove?
Peoplefromgenerationtogenerationtrytheirbesttodefineit.Indictionary,loveisdefinedasfollows:
love,noun.1.Astrongfeeling; strongrely; attractbasedonsex; personwhoisloved.Butpeopledonotwanttowastetimetolookitup.Loveisakindofstrongexperienceaboutlife.Thedefinitionofloveseemstobeanimperfectanddullone.Whatislove?
Maybe100peoplehave100definitions.Infact,loveisakindofstrongexperienceaboutlife.Howmuchthepoweroflove?
Itissaidthatthepowerofloveishuge.Itcanmakeapersonfromlivetodeath.However,thereisaloveinthehistorythatcanchangethedestinyofacountry.Whoseloveissopowerful?
ItisEnglandqueen—ElizabethⅠ.Itisjustbecauseofhermarriagethathernationgot13peaceyearsbecamethenavyoverlord.Forherpeople,shewasagreatmonarch;forherself,shewasalonelywoman.Becauseinthenameoflove,shesacrificedherlovetogetpower.
I.Definitionoflove
A.DifferentDefinitionofLoveunderDifferentSituations
IntheIndianstoryGainTwoKingdoms,afamousprostitutesaidtoahermitwhichwasattractedbyher“loveissomehappyexperienceofsenseoftouchbetweentwopeople.”Ofthetwopeople,oneisaman,theotherisawoman.Theyareveryinterestedineachotherthathavethesameexperience.Herdefinitionofloveincludescardinalhappiness,whichisverysuitableforhercareer.Peopleunderdifferentculturesandagesalsohavedifferentunderstandingaboutit.Insomeages,peoplebelievedthatlovecontainstheelementofsex;whileinsomeotherages,theythoughtlovewasanobleandnosexyexperience.TheheroinTheLoveAffairinCholeraDaysgotanansweraftersufferingfromthetortureofsided-love.“Justtakeloveasafavor,itisnotameasuretoreachanypurpose,butastartandendofamatter.Loveitselfisapurpose”.Sohisviewisthatloveisacircle.Itisagoalaboutitself;theprocessofloveisapurpose,anditreturnstoitselfatlast.Butwhatisperfectlove?
Loveinthestorymeansamatterhappeningonceinpeople’slife.
Love’snotExistinginOurPresentSociety
Justlikefoodcanbeusedtoenticetheoneyoulove,itisalsousedtosymbolizelove.Themetaphoroflovenotonlydescribesthehappinessofsenseorgan,butalsotheessentialneedoflovers.ThestoryofanaboriginalAustraliaresidentnamedADexterousGirlWhoCanMakePrettyHandbags.AquietgirlLawandalovedahunterwhosenameisJodi.Whenherfamilywenttoaplacethatisveryfartoattendaceremony,shewasleftalone.WhenJodiknewthat,hewenttopickherup.Onthewaytoherhome,hehuntedsomebeastsasherpresent.Whenhesawher,shewasabouttosinkinafaintbecauseofhungerandmiss.Hegaveherfoodandwatchedhereatingthem,andthenhesaidhewantedtomarryher.Hetookhertoattendtheceremonywhereherfamilyhasbeenthere.Themetaphoricalmeaningofthestoryisthatifyouloveaperson,youmustofferthefoodforher;ifapersonoffersthefoodtoyou,youcanlovehim.So,lovecanbedescribedasatooltogetfood,aswellasotherthings.Ithadaprecedentthatloveisalsoatool.Inmodernsociety,thefunctionofloveisusedeverywhere.Wedonotmarryeachotherbecauseoflove,butmoney,powerandsoon.Butinhistory,therewasawomanwhodidnotmarryherloverbecauseofpower,whousedhermarriageasachiptowinaperiodofdevelopmentforhercountry.Whowasthemiserablewoman?
Whosemarriagewassopowerful?
ItisElizabethIwhosemarriageanddiplomaticpolicyhasbeenstudiedbyhistoriansuntilnow.
Ⅱ.ElizabethⅠ’sMarriageAffairs
A.TheGeneralIntroductionofElizabethⅠ
AfamoushistorianandcriticStrachey,LinBritainmadesuchacomment:
“herstoryhadbeenstudiedbypoliticiansuntilnow.Althoughhernamewasusedtocallthewholeagebythedescendants,herlovelifesufferedafatalhurtatthebeginning.”
AsagreatmonarchElizabethⅠestablishedBritain’soverlordaroundworld.Asafamousspinsterandanunmarriedmonarchintheworldhistory—ElizabethI,whoselovelifeisamisery,isaneternalsubjectinthewesternbiographicliterature.ElizabethIhavebeenfarofftheworldmorethan400years.Shewasbornin1533,diedin1603,wasinchargeofBritainfor45years.FortheendlessdominativehistoryoffeudalBritain,45yearsdisappearedinaflash.However,itisjustinthe45yearsthatthedestinyofBritainhaschangedthoroughly.Theformationof“onwhichthesunneversets”isfromthisdelicatewoman.
Theaccomplishmentsofthisqueensurprisedus.Insuchanagethatwomenwerediscriminated,howcouldshebeagreatestmonarchintheBritainhistory?
Didshehaveanytalentorability?
B.TheGrowingupofElizabethⅠ
ElizabethIwasanorphan.Whenshewaslessthan3yearsold,hermotherwassentencedtodeath.Inthefollowingturbulentages,herdestinybegantoturnaroundthepolicyandmarriageofherfather.Fromtimetotime,shewasafavorite,atthattime,shewasthesuccessortothethrone;andthenshewasignored,sothatshewasadesertedbastard.Fromapictureofher14yearsold,wecanseethetraceofexperiencesleftonherbody—experiencingthepalaceoffiercefightingandappearingmoresophisticatedandstifftoherageuntimely.NobodycandenysheisthepersonwhowaskissedbyGod.Shewasproficientinlanguagesandversatile.Wecannotimaginethebrilliancebelongingtothegirlwholivedinanendlessterror.Inhertemperament,shedidnotavoidthejealousyandhesitationbelongingtoawoman.However,thesearejustaskimmingoverthesurfaceonthepartofElizabeth.AfterthedeclineofSpanisharmada;aftertheconceitedScotlandqueenbeingputonguillotine,afterherloverlosingherpardon,whodarestounderestimatetheirondecisivenessandwillhidingbehindherindecisiveveil.Justbecauseoftheinherited,combinedtemperamentwithmanandwoman,shecouldalwaysovercomeallthedangersandpullthemthrough.ThengrowinginthecircleofBritain,shewasinacomplicatedsituation.
Besidesthose,thegenerosityofElizabethwhichbenefitsBritainisacounteractiontoherbloodyfatherandsister.Itissuchthecounteractionthatproducedararepeacefulperiodandvariedcultures,andalsoproducedsuchmastersasShakespeare,Marlowe.Butitalsoruinedherhappinessasawoman—marriageistooterribleforher,thetragedymadebyherfatherwasashadowinherloveworld.Shestifledhermarriagebyherselfandsworenottomarryforallherlife.Herdecisionismuchfashionable.Becauseitwasatimethatdominatedbymen.Evenherpeopleagreedthattheywouldfeelrelievedifshedependedonaman.Aftersheascendedthrone,parliamentpleadedhertochooseahusband,wishingherleaveasuccessorforBritishroyalfamily.Howeverthequeendidnotgivethemanyresponse.Atlast,whenparliamentbeggedherwiththesamerequestagain,sheputonaringandsaid:
“Ihavecontributedmyselftoahusband,hisnameisBritain.”Theintelligentqueentooktheweaknessoffemaleasachipinherpoliticalbalance.Sheassertedthatshewouldkeepvirginity,butatthesametime,shetookthistrumpcardoutwhenitisnecessary.AnAmericanhistorianWillDuransaidthemostsecretdiplomaticmethodsforElizabethareherunmarriedlife.Sheeversaid:
“Ihatetheideaaboutmarriage,thereasonwouldnotberevealedeventoatwinsister.”Yes,sheabhorredmarriage.Becauseifshemarried,shehadtoshareherthronewithherhusband,soshedidnotwantittobeshared.Anotherreasonforitisthatsheexperiencedmoreinherearlyyears,shethoughtnothingcouldmakeherfeelsafeexceptpower.
Comparedwithanordinaryfamilylife,maybeshepreferredtoholdpowerinherhands.Forher,thronewaseverything,shecouldsacrificeeverythingtostrengthenherpower,includinghermarriage.Whileontheotherhand,shetreatedmarriageasachip.Sheputthecoverofmarriageinfrontofthecovetousmenacrosstheworld—Spain,France,thedependenciesofBritainandsoon.Allofthemcouldnotescapefromherdiplomaticnet.Justasherbodywasamysteriousaxis,thedestinyofthewholeEuropewasturningaroundit.Becauseofthes