贯彻落实科学发展观大力发展建筑节能1118英文revised.docx

贯彻落实科学发展观大力发展建筑节能1118英文revised.docx

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贯彻落实科学发展观大力发展建筑节能1118英文revised

ContinuingtheDevelopmentofScience

ImplementationonEnergyEfficiencyforBuildings

ⅠThesignificanceofgreatereffortsforenergysavingintheconstructionsector

（Ⅰ）Itisanimportantfieldwherethenationalenergyconservationstrategyapplies.

Chinahasenteredtherapiddevelopmentstageofindustrializationandurbanization.Similartomostofthedevelopedcountries,itwillhavetogothroughtherapidincreaseofenergydemandsandfastadjustmentoftheenergymix.It’sahugechallengeforChinatoensuresecure,economyandreliableenergysupplyandfosterasustainableenergydevelopmentapproachwithChinesecharacteristics.Accordingtoresearchbyrelevantagencies,withthesame-targetedeconomicgrowth,differentpoliciesandmeasurescancontributetodifferentenergystructuresandenergyefficiency.Thedifferencecanbeasgreatasnearly800milliontonsofcoalequivalentintermsofprimaryenergyusebytheyear2020.Inotherwords,differentoptionsofenergydevelopmentstrategieswillgeneratedifferentimpactsonenergysupply,energysecurity,environmentalprotectionetc.

Meanwhile,thestructureofenergydemandisboundtochangegreatlyasthepeople’slivingstandardandtheirconsumptionstructureimprove.It’sforecastedthattheconstructionandtransportationsectorswillseehighergrowthratesofenergydemandthantheindustrialsector.Theirgrowthrateswillalsobehigherthanthatofthetotalenergydemand.Theenergyconsumptioninthosetwosectorsaccountsfor35%oftheoverallsocialconsumptionandwillriseto57%to75%bytheyear2020,becomingthemostimportantdrivingfactorfortheincreaseofenergydemand.

（Ⅱ）Energysavingisrequiredbythesustainabledevelopmentoftheconstructionsector.

1.Currentdevelopmentofconstructionsector

（1）Rapidboomofhousingandbuildingindustryandrapidincreaseofrelevantenergydemand.Theannualfloorageofnewlyfinishedhousesandbuildingstotaled1.8to2billionsquaremeters.Itisestimatedthatthistrendofrapidrisewillcontinuefor15yearsorsoduetoacceleratingimprovementofpeople’slivelihoodandfasterurbanizationpace.Statisticsshowstheenergyconsumedintheconstructionanduseperiodsofbuildingsaccountsfor44.3%oftheoverallsocialenergyconsumption.Intheconstructionperiod,theenergyconsumedforproducingconstructionmaterialsaccountsfor16.7%ofthetotalsocialenergyconsumption.Intheuseperiod,relevantenergyconsumptionhaskeptincreasingrapidlyinthepasttwodecades,upby5.4%annually,accountingfor27.6%ofChina’stotalenergyconsumptionin2003.Thefigurewasonly10%in1978.Accordingtoexperienceofdevelopedcountries,theenergyconsumedintheuseperiodofvariousbuildingswillgraduallygoupto35%ofthetotalsocialend-consumptionofenergy,takingthelargestshareoftotalsocialenergyuse.

（2）Lowbuildingenergyefficiencyandhugepotentialforenergyconservation.Atpresent,theenergyconsumedforheatingorair-conditioninginareaperunitinChinais2to3timesthatofthedevelopedcountriesevenwithsimilarclimateconditions.Thethermalpropertyofbuildingenclosuresisfarfromgood.Energyconservationinthisregardhasbecomeapriorityforenhancingtheoverallsocialenergy-useefficiency.Determinationshouldbemadenowtostepupeffortsinconstructionrelatedenergysaving.Thedesignofnewbuildingsshouldfullyobserverelevantenergysavingstandards.Theexistingbuildingsshouldundergogradualreforms.Throughthismove,itisestimatedtheconstructionrelatedenergyconsumptionofChinacoulddecreaseby335milliontonsofcoalequivalentannuallyby2020,accountingfor42%ofthatyear’stotalenergysavingpotential,equivalenttotheoverallenergyconsumptionoftheUnitedKingdomin2002.

Thereforetopushforwardenergysavinginvariousbuildingsisconducivetobetterenergy-useefficiency.Energysavingisanimportantaspectinensuringnationalenergysecurityandbuildinganenergy-savingsociety.Weshouldreadjustourkeypointsinenergysavingstrategy,withmoreemphasisonsavingenergyuseinbuildingsinsteadofenergysupplycutintheindustrialsector.Effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoimproveenergyconservationpolicies,laws,regulations,technicalstandardsandassistancetofullyexplorethepotentialforenergysavingintheconstructionanduseperiodsofvariousbuildingsandtopushtheenergysavingworkinthefieldtoleapforward.Atthesametime,weshouldfurtheroureffortsinthe“foursavings”programbytakingtheenergysavingcampaignasthefirststeptoovercomepossibledifficultiesahead.Energy-efficientandland-savingbuildingsforresidenceandpublicutilitiesareencouragedsoastorealizeafundamentalchangeoftheconstructionmodesinbothurbanandruralareasandhelptoachievethetargetofbuildingenergy-efficientandresource-savingcitiesandtownships.

ⅡProgressinenergysavinginbuildingsandexistingproblems

（Ⅰ）Progress

1.Asystemofdesignstandardsonenergysavinginbuildingshastakeninitialshapewiththeaimtocut50%ofenergyconsumption.In2001,2003and2005,theChineseMinistryofConstructionissuedandimplementedTheEnergySavingDesignStandardsforResidentialBuildingsinAreaswithHotSummerandColdWinter,TheEnergySavingDesignStandardsforResidentialBuildingsinAreaswithHotSummerandWarmWinter,TheEnergySavingDesignStandardsforPublicWorksrespectively.ThesystemofstandardscoversresidentialbuildingsandpublicworksinallChina’sthreeclimatezones.EconomicallydevelopedareassuchasBeijing,Tianjinetchaveset65%ofenergycutasthetargetintheirdesignstandards.

2.Supervisionandmanagementofenergysavinginbuildingshavebeenstrengthened.Inordertoensuretherealimplementationofenergy-savingdesignstandards,existingadministrativelicensingmeasureshavebeenfullytappedtoenhanceadministrativesupervisionandmanagement,includingplanninglicensing,examinationofworkingdrawingdesigns,startlicensing,constructionsupervision,completionacceptanceetc.Tothisend,relevantdocumentshavealsobeenrolledout,includingNoticeonStrengtheningtheExaminationofEnergysavinginCivilianConstructionProjects（JianKe[2004]No.174）andNoticeonStrictImplementationofEnergySavingDesignStandardsinNewResidentialBuildings（JianKe[2005]No.55）,givingdetailedprovisionsonintensifyingsupervisionandmanagementofnewbuildingsfortheircompliancewiththeenergysavingdesignstandards.

3.Specialplans,relevantpoliciesandregulationshavebeendesignedtofurtherclarifythetarget,approachandplannedarrangementsfortheworkofenergyconservation.

4.Thereformofheatsupplysystemhasbeenimproved,settingmorerequirementsconcerningthereplacementofthewelfareheatsupplysystembyacommercializedsystem,thegradualadoptionofasystemwhichcalculateschargesagainstactualheatuseandtheactivepromotionofenergy-savingreformsofcurrentresidentialbuildingsandheatsupplyfacilitiesinurbanareasetc.Reformofheatsupplysystemandpilotprogramsforchargingheatsupplyagainstactualusehavebeenconductedinurbanareasinnorth,northeastandnorthwestofChina.

5.Researchonhowtotacklekeytechnicalobstaclesandpilotareasforenergysavinginbuildingshavebeenarranged.Practicesshowthatthepilotenergysavingprograms（incommunities）playabigroleinformulatingthenationaltargetofenergysavingratioat50%,designingrelevanttechnicalstandards,promotingtheformationofpolicies,regulations,technicalstandards,collectionofstandardcharts,andtechnologicalresearch,development,popularizationandapplication.

6.TheinternationalcooperationhascontributedgreatlytoChina’senergysavinginbuildings.Foreignconcept,technologiesandexperiencehavebeenbroughtintoChinathroughcooperationwithvariouscountriesandinternationalorganizations.

Onthewhole,theworkmentionedabovereflectstheprogressinenergysavinginbuildings.Energysavinginthisfieldhasgonethroughthestagefeaturingpilotingprograms,technologicalresearchanddevelopment,experienceaccumulationinthepastandenteredthestageoffullimplementationrightnow.

（Ⅱ）Existingproblems

1.Lowcomplianceratiowithenergysavingdesignstandardsamongnewbuildings.

（1）Onlysmallnumberofnewbuildingscarriedouttheenergysavingdesignstandardstothefullextent.Accordingtolatestsurvey,from2000to2004,theprojectsdesignedincompliancewiththeenergysavingstandardsaccountfor58.5%ofthetotalnumberofprojectsacrossdifferentclimatezonesofChina,theprojectsactuallyconstructedincompliancewiththestandardsaccountedfor23.3%.Thetwofigureswere90.1%and30.6%incoldorextremelycoldareaswhiletheywere20%and14.4%respectivelyinareaswithhotsummersandcoldwinters,both11.2%inareaswithhotsummersandwarmswinters.Thesurveyshowedthatonlyalowratioofbuildingsreachedtheenergysavingdesignstandards.Thesituationisnotoptimistic.

（2）Theworkonenergysavingfornewbuildingsdevelopsdifferentlyindifferentclimatezonesorareaswithdifferentlevelsofeconomicperformance.InthenorthernpartofChinawherethestandardswereadoptedatanearliertime,thecomplianceratiowiththestandardsamongnewbuildingsisrelativelyhigher,whileinsouthernChinaorinareasinthemiddle,theworkforenergysavingwasnotinitsfullswing.Ithasjuststarted.Evenwithinthesamearea,theeconomicallydevelopedpartsmaybemakingrapidprogressinenergysaving,andtheunderdevelopedpartsmaynotperform