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n1unit7

NewCenturyCollegeEnglish（BookI）

UnitSevenHowWellCanWeListen?

I.TeachingObjectives

1.Learnaboutusingvividwordsforvividpictures.

2.Graspthekeywords,Phrasesandstructure.

3.Mastertheskillsofwritingandreadinginthisunit.

1）Learningtogeneralizethestatementbyreadingtheconcretefacts.

2）UnderstandingtheeffectiveandartisticUseofwords.

II.TeachingContent

1Pre-ReadingActivities

2Structureofthetext

3Languagepoints

4Assignments

5.GrammarFocus（subjunctivemoodwithif-clause,”if”astheformalsubjectforaninfinitiveclause.）

6.GuidedPractice（exercises,oralpracticeandgroupwork）

III.TeachingProcess

1.Warm-upActivity

1）Discussion

Whatarethekeyfactorsthatcontributetoeffectiveface-to-facecommunication?

2）QuestionsaboutText

1）Whatkindofpersonswouldyouliketomakefriendswith?

2）Supposeyouhavetwoclassmates.Oneofthemisverytalkativebutseldomlistens,whiletheotherseemsagoodlistenerwhospeakslittle.Whichonedoyoulikebetter?

3）Doyouconsideryourselfagoodlistener?

Doyouhopeotherstolistentoyouattentivelywhenyouarespeakingorexplainingsomething?

3）Presentingthetextbysummingupthediscussion.

Mostofuswouldagreethatkeepinggoodrelationshipswithotherpeople,evenwiththoseclosesttous,canbedifficultandrequiresgoodcommunicationbetweenoneanother.Goodcommunicationnaturallyinvolvesbothspeakingandlistening.Butwhilewecommonlyemphasizetheroleofspeakingincommunicatingwithothers,wetendtoneglectthatoflistening.Thetextsaysabouttheroleoflisteninginimprovinghumanrelationships.

4）BackgroundInformation

.GenerationGap

Theinfluenceofthebabyboomerswassosignificantthattheentiregenerationwasnamed“ManoftheYear”byTimemagazinein1966.Sincethen,theterm“generationgap”hasbeenusedtodescribedifferencesinculturalnormsbetweenayoungergenerationandtheirelders.Itoccurswhenolderandyoungerpeopledonotunderstandeachotherbecauseoftheirdifferentexperiences,opinions,habitsandbehavior.Theinfluenceofthebabyboomerswassosignificantthattheentiregenerationwasnamed“ManoftheYear”byTimemagazinein1966.Sincethen,theterm“generationgap”hasbeenusedtodescribedifferencesinculturalnormsbetweenayoungergenerationandtheirelders.Itoccurswhenolderandyoungerpeopledonotunderstandeachotherbecauseoftheirdifferentexperiences,opinions,habitsandbehavior.

2.TextOrganization

PartIPara.1-Thispartintroducestheteacherandtheauthor'ssituation:

ablacknewcomerintheneighborhoodignoredbyothersandfeelinglonely.

PartIIPara2-4TheanalysisofthereasonsforthefailureIncommunication:

misunderstandingresultingfrompoorlistening

PartIIIPara5-7Howwecanbegoodlisteners

3.LanguagePoints

Difficultsentences

1）.Thoughtheremightberoomforhesitationintheadoptionofitwhen“generation”istakenintoaccount,itisfarfromwrongtoborrowtherestinmakingananalysis.

Thepronoun“it”appearstwiceinthesentence.Dotheyrefertothesamething?

（=No.Thefirst“it”referstotheterm“generationgap”,whilethesecond“it”refersto“toborrowtherestinmakingananalysis”.）

Whatdoes“roomforhesitation”mean?

（=Uncertainty.）

Whatdoes“farfromwrong”mean?

（=Notwrongatall.）

Paraphrasethesentence.

（=Whenweusetheterm“generationgap”toexplaincommunicationproblemsmentionedabove,theword“generation”maynotbereadilyapplicableastheremaynotbeagenerationgapbetweenthepeopleinvolved.Butwecanstillanalyzesuchproblemsfromthisperspective.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=当然，如果细究“代”的本义，那么这算不上特别贴切，但是大可借用该术语的其他涵义来分析问题。

）

2）.Curiouslyenough,inamodernsocietywherenotafewadvancedtechnologicalmeansofcommunicationsuchasthemobilephoneandpagerhavebeendeveloped,peoplearestillconfrontedwiththisproblem.

Whatdoes“thisproblem”referto?

（=Lackofcommunication.）

Whatdoesthissentenceimply?

（=Thissentenceimpliesthatadvancedtechnologicalmeansofcommunicationarenotanadequatesolutiontotheproblemoflackofcommunicationamongpeople.Itseemsthatthetechnologiesinventedtofacilitatecommunicationdonotworkandtheproblemisstillthere.）

3）.Peoplemaywonderwhytheirlisteningabilityisundesirablewhentheirhearingabilityisphysicallysound.

Whatdoesthissentenceimply?

（=Thissentenceimpliesthatlisteningabilityisquitedifferentfromhearingability.Therefore,thefactthatthereisnoproblemwithone’searsdoesnotmeanoneisgoodatlistening.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=人们也许会问，为什么听觉没有问题而他们的聆听能力却不如人意呢？

）

4）.Believingthathearingisaphysiologicalfunction,whichcomestousnaturally,wetakeitforgrantedthatlisteningdoesnotrequiremucheffort.

Whatdoesthissentenceimply?

（=Hearingisquitedifferentfromlistening.Contrarytothecommonbelief,listeningdoesrequiresomeeffort.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=我们会认为听觉能力是一种生理功能，是与生俱来的，所以我们想当然地以为聆听不需要付出特别的努力。

）

5）.Aspeakermaynotbeabletokeeppacewiththeworkingofthelistener’smind.

Whatdoes“theworkingofthelistener’smind”mean?

（=Thelistener’sthinking.）

Whatdoesthissentenceimply?

（=Thissentenceimpliesthatthelistenermayneedtobemorepatientandattentiveinordertoaccomplishsuccessfulcommunication,becauseone’sspeedofthinkingisfasterthanthatofspeaking.）

6）.Withmuchfreetimeleftattheirdisposal,thelistenersarelikelytobecarriedawaybytheirownthoughtsandtheysoonlosetheirway.

Whatdoes“becarriedaway”mean?

（=Besoexcited,interested,orabsorbedthatyouarenolongerreallyincontrolofwhatyoudo,oryouforgeteverythingelse.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=当听话人有很多自由时间支配的时候，他们就可能会太专注于自己的思绪而很快就不知道说话人说到什么地方了。

）

7）.Sinceeachpersonhashisownrangeofinterests,whenthespeakertalksaboutsomethingthatisofnopersonalinterestorconcerntohim,hewould“switchoffthetalking.”

Whatdoes“switchoffthetalking”mean?

（=Nolongerlistentowhatisbeingsaidtohim,asifhehadturneditoff.）

8）.Thisautomaticcontrolexercisesitsinfluenceespeciallywhenthetopicistooboring.

Whatdoes“thisautomaticcontrol”referto?

（=Switchingoffthetalking.）

Whatdoes“exercise”meaninthissentence?

（=Bringtobear;exert.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=这种自动控制系统的作用在谈话内容太枯燥的时候尤其明显。

）

9）.Otherpsychologicalfactorsalsocomeintoplay.

Whatdoes“comeintoplay”mean?

（=Begintooperateorbeactive.）

10）.…itisquitenaturalthathewouldnottuneintothewordsofthespeaker.

Whatdoes“tuneinto”mean?

（=Listencarefullyandbeawareof.）

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.

（=那他自然就不会去认真聆听说话人说的内容。

）

11）.Whathastobeborneinmindisthat,toensurethatgoodcommunicationtakesplace,talkingandhearingarejustnotenough.

Whatdoes“beborneinmind”mean?

（=Bekeptinmind;beremembered.）

Paraphrasethesentence.

（=Weshouldrememberclearlythattoaccomplishsuccessfulcommunication,justtalkingandhearingareinadequate;moreisneeded.）

WordsandExpressions

1）.complain

a）vi.expressfeelingsofpain,dissatisfaction,orresentment

*Workerswhohadlosttheirjobscomplainedbitterlyaboutthewaytheyhadbeentreated.

*Manypatientscomplainofheadachesanddifficultyinsleepingwhentheytakethisdrug.

b）vt.expressdissatisfactionorresentment

*Theycomplainedthatthepriceofbookshadincreased.

员工们抱怨工资过低而且福利差。

（=Theemployeescomplainedthatthewagesweretoolowandthebenefitswereinadequate.）

NB:

complain→complaintn.

2）.vital:

adj.extremelyimportantandnecessaryforsomethingtosucceedorexist

（=Regularexerciseisvitalforyourhealth.）

*Thesamplescouldgivescientistsvitalinformationaboutlong-termchangesintheearth’satmosphere.

旅游业对于国民经济来说是至关重要的。

（=Thetouristindustryisofvitalimportancetothenationaleconomy.）

NB:

vitalityn.生命力，活力

CF:

vital&essential

这两个形容词均有“重要的，必需的”之意。

vital强调指维持生命、活力必不可少的，或生死攸关的。

例如：

Irrigationwasvitaltoearlycivilization.

Itisvitalthatleakinggaspipesarefixedimmediately.

essential强调必不可少，暗含某物如缺少某部分则失去本质特征的意味。

例如：

Impartialityisessentialtoajudge.

Itisessentialtoreadanydocumentcarefullybeforeyousignit.

3）.contribute:

a）vi.（usuallyfollowedbyto）helpincausingasituation,event,orcondition

*Anincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtotherisingcostofmedicalcare.

锻炼能促进健康。

（=Exercisecontributestobetterhealth.）

b）vt.givemoney,help,ideas,etc.tosomething

*Thevolunteerscontributetheirowntimetotheproject.

*Readersareinvitedtocontributetheiropinionsonanyoftheissuesdiscussedhere.

4）.desert:

vt.leaveatadifficulttimeorinacruelway,esp.withtheintentionofnotreturning

（=Thepricerisecausedmanyreaderstodesertthemagazine.）

*Mrs.Smithwasdesertedbyherhusbandandhadtosupportfourchildrenonherown.

许多人在饥荒中逃往他乡。

（=Manypeopledesertedtheirhomesduringthefoodshortage.）

5）.resort:

a）vi.（usuallyfollowedbyto）makeuseof;turnto（oftensomethingbad）forhelp

*Manyhomelessteenagersresorttostealingwhentheirmoneyrunsout.

候选人们为了吸引注意用上了人身攻击的手段。

（=Thecandidatesareresortingtopersonalattackstogetattention.）

b）n.aplacefrequentedbypeopleforrelaxationorrecreation

*WewerejoinedtherebyGeorgeandMaryandweallwentofftotheskiingresort.

到休养圣地去疗养一个月肯定会使你恢复健康。

（=Amonthofrestinthehealthresortwillcertainlybringyouaround.）

Collocation:

aplaceofgreatresort人们常去的热闹地方

ahealthresort疗养地

apleasureresort游乐胜地

asummerres