高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2Workingtheland练习新人教版必修.docx
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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2Workingtheland练习新人教版必修
2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2Workingtheland练习新人教版必修
一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
A
Ithashappenedtoallofus.Youwanttotalkaboutanobject,butyouforgotthenameofit.Oryouneverknewthenameatall.Maybeyouarenotevensurethereisawordforit.
Forexample,thatthing,thatyouneedtofixyourbicycle.Orperhapsitissomethingyouneedforyourputer.Orthatpartonyourmotorcyclethatnever,everseemstowork.
Whatarethesethings?
Theyarecalled“doohickeys”.Adoohickeyisawordyouusewhenyoudonotknoworyouhaveforgottentherealnameofanobject.
TheMacmillanDictionarydefinesdoohickeyas“somethingsuchasasmallobjectortoolthatyoucannotrememberthename”.TheAmericanHeritageDictionarysaysitis“something,especiallyasmalldeviceorpart,whosenameisunknownorforgotten”.
LanguageexpertssaythewordfirststartedbeingusedintheUnitedStatesintheearly1900s.Butotherexpertssaytheyhaveseenexamplesofwordslikethatinwritingsfromthemiddle1800s.
TheMerriam-WebsterDictionaryforLearnersofAmericanEnglishgivesthisexampleofhownativespeakersmightusedoohickey:
“Ineedoneofthosedoohickeys,youknow,withthelonghandle.”
Merriam-Websteraddsthatdoohickeymaybeabinationoftwootherwords:
“doodad”and“hickey”.Strangeasitmaybe,bothofthetwowordsmeanthesameasdoohickey.Thedictionarylistsalotofstrangewordsassynonymsfordoohickey.Themostmonarewhatchamacallit,whatnotandwhatsit.
Youwillprobablyneverseethesewordsinofficialdocumentsornewspaperreports.ButyoumighthearthemininformalAmericanEnglish,whenpeoplearetalkingtoeachother.
“Hey,whatdoesthisdoohickeydo,anyway?
”
“Dude,bringmethatthingamajig,willya?
”
“Janine,canyougetmeoneofthosewhatchamacallits?
”
MostAmericanswillknowwhatyouaretalkingaboutifyouuseoneofthosewords.Justpointattheobject,useoneofthesewords,andtheywillbringittoyou.
1.Whenpeopleneedadoohickey,itmeanstheyneedsomething .
A.whichcanbeusedtorepairabicycle
B.whichcanbeusedtofixaputer
C.whosenameisforgotten
D.whosehandleisverylong
2.Thewordssimilartodoohickeyweremostlikelytobeseenin .
A.1800B.1850C.1900D.1950
3.Youaresuretofindthewordwhatchamacallitin .
A.theMacmillanDictionary
B.theAmericanHeritageDictionary
C.anofficialdocumentoranewspaperreport
D.theMerriam-WebsterDictionaryforLearnersofAmericanEnglish
4.Theabovepassageismainlyabout .
A.aspecialword
B.AmericanEnglishdictionaries
C.thedevelopmentofAmericanEnglish
D.thewaytolearnanduseAmericanEnglish
【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要介绍了doohickey一词的来源、意思、同义词以及运用。
1.C 细节理解题。
根据第四段第二句“Adoohickeyisawordyouusewhenyoudonotknoworyouhaveforgottentherealnameofanobject.”可知,当你不知道或者忘记某个东西的名称时,你可以用doohickey来代替它。
故选C项。
2.B 细节理解题。
根据第六段第二句“Butotherexpertssaytheyhaveseenexamplesofwordslikethatinwritingsfromthemiddle1800s.”可知,与“doohickey”类似的词最有可能出现在1850年。
故选B项。
3.D 细节理解题。
根据第七段内容以及第八段最后两句可知,在《韦氏词典》中肯定能找到whatchamacallit一词。
故选D项。
4.A 主旨大意题。
纵观全文可知,本文主要介绍了doohickey一词的来源、意思、同义词以及运用,故选A项。
B
Foodfestivalsaroundtheworld
StiltonCheeseRolling
MayDayisatraditionaldayforcelebrations,butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonlypeopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingintheirannualplans.Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrangeandfunnyclothes,rollapletecheesealonga50-metrecourse.Ontheway,theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheeses,orgointotheirpetitors’lane(赛道)petitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisapleteStiltoncheeseweighingaboutfourkilos(disappointingly,butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones).Allthepetitorsareservedwithbeerorportwine,thetraditionalacpanimentforStiltoncheese.
FieryFoodsFestival—Thehottestfestivalonearth
Everyyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.TheyefromasfarawayasAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareamonaddiction—foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣),buthotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn,yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreedayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate-coveredhabaneropepper—officiallythehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.Butonething’sforsure—ifyoudon’tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue,thisfestivalisn’tforyou!
LaTomatina—Theworld’sbiggestfoodfight
OnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust,theSpanishtownofBuñolhostsLaTomatina—theworld’slargestfoodfight.Aweek-longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehigh-lightoftheweek’sevents.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfight-startersgetthingsgoingbycastingtomatoesatthecrowd.
Thebattlelastslittlemorethanhalfanhour,inwhichtimearound50,000kilogramsoftomatoeshavebeenthrownatanyoneoranythingthatmoves,runs,orfightsback.Theneveryoneheadsdowntotherivertomakefriendsagain—andforamuch-neededwash!
(xx·福建高考)
1.IntheStiltoncheeserollingpetition,petitorsoneachteammust .
A.wearvariousformalclothes
B.rollawoodencheeseintheirownlane
C.kickorthrowtheircheese
D.usearealcheeseweighingaboutfourkilos
2.WhereistheFieryFoodandBBQFestivalheld?
A.InNewMexico.B.IntheCaribbean.
C.InAustralia.D.InChina.
3.ThecelebrationofLaTomatinalasts .
A.threedaysB.sevendays
C.lessthanthreedaysD.morethansevendays
4.Whatcanweinferaccordingtothepassage?
A.ThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingpetitionisbeerorportwine.
B.Morethan10,000ChinesetakepartintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.
C.ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.
D.AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.
【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要给我们介绍了世界上几种与食物有关的有趣节日。
1.B 细节理解题。
根据StiltonCheeseRolling部分的“theymustnotkick...gointotheirpetitors’lane”和“thecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones”可判断,参赛队员在他们自己的赛道上滚动一个木制的奶酪。
故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。
根据FieryFoodsFestival部分的第一句“Everyyearmorethan10,000peopleheadforthecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.”可知答案是A项。
3.B 细节理解题。
根据LaTomatina部分的“Aweek-longcelebration...”可知西红柿节的庆祝持续七天,答案选B项。
4.C 推理判断题。
根据FieryFoodsFestival部分的“...oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareonshow.”可知C项正确。
二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Asmyfriendwaspassingtheelephants,hesuddenlystopped.He1. (confuse)bythefactthatthesehugeanimalswerebeingheldbynothing2. asmallrope.Theropewastiedtotheirfrontlegs.Nochains,nocages.Itwasobvious3. theelephantscouldbreakawayfromtheropesatanytime.Butforsomereason,theydidnot.
Myfriendsawa4. (train)nearbyandaskedwhytheseelephantsjuststoodthereandmadenoattempt5. (get)away.
“Well,”hesaid,“whentheyareveryyoungandmuch6.(small),weusethesamesizeropetotiethem.Atthatage,it’senoughtoholdthem.Astheygrowup,theyareusedto7.(believe)thattheycannotbreakaway.Theybelievetheropecanstillholdthem,8. theynevertrytobreakfree.”
Myfriendwasamazed.Theseanimalscouldatanytimebreakfreefromtheirbonds,butbecausetheybelievedtheycouldn’t,theywerestuckrightwheretheywere.
9. theelephants,howmanyofusgothroughlifehangingontoabeliefthatwecannotdosomething,simplybecausewefailedatitoncebefore?
Howmanyofusarebeingheldbackbyoutdatedbeliefsthatnolongerserveus?
Howmanyofushaveavoided10. (try)somethingnewbecauseofafalsebelief?
1.wasconfused。
beconfusedby为固定搭配,意为“被……迷惑,被……弄糊涂”。
根据上下文可知用一般过去时。
2.but。
此处意为“这些巨大的动物仅仅用一根小细绳拴着”。
nothingbut为固定搭配,意为“仅仅,只不过”。
3.that。
此处用that引导主语从句,It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句。
4.trainer。
空前有不定冠词a,故此处应填动词train的名词形式trainer,意为“驯兽师”。
5.toget。
makenoattempttodosth.为固定用法,意为“不试图做某事,不打算做某事”。
6.smaller。
much用来修饰形容词的比较级,故填smaller。
7.believing。
beusedtodoingsth.为固定搭配,意为“习惯于做某事”。
8.so。
空前和空后的句子构成因果关系,故填so。
9.Like。
此处意为“正如大象一样”,故填连词Like。
10.trying。
avoiddoingsth.为固定用法,意为“避免做某事”。
PartB
一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
SincefinishingmystudiesatHarvardandOxford,I’vewatchedonefriendafteranotherlandhigh-ranking,high-payingWallStreetjobs.Asexecutives(高级管理人员)withbanks,consultingfirms,establishedlawfirms,andmajorcorporations,manyarenow 1 ontheirwaytoimpressivecareers.Bysociety’s 2 ,theyseemtohaveitmade.
Onthesurface,thesepeopleseemtobeveryluckyinlife.Astheyleftstudentlifebehind,manyhada 3 drinkattheircheapbutfriendlylocalbar,shookhandswithlongtimeroommates,and 4 outofsmallapartmentsintohighbuildings.Theymadereservationsatrestaurantswherethecostofabottleofwine 5 acollegeyear’smonthlyrent.Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcarswithexpensivenewsportscars.
Thethingis,anumberofthemhave 6 thatdespitetheirsuccess,theyaren’thappy.Some 7 ofunfriendlycoworkersandfeelsadforeight-hourworkweeksdevotedtotasksthey 8 .Somedonotrespectthepaniestheyworkforandtalkoffeelingtiredand 9 .However,insteadofdevotingthemselvestotheirwork,theyfindthemselvesworkingtosupportthe 10 towhichtheyhavesoquicklybee 11 .
Peopleoftenspeakoftryingamoresatisfyingpath,and 12 intheendtheideaofleavingtheirjobstoworkforsomethingthey 13 orfindingapositionthatwouldgivethemmoretimewiththeirfamiliesalmostalwaysleadsthemtothesameconclusion:
it’s 14 .Theyhaveloans,bills,amortgage(抵押贷款)to 15 ,retirementtosavefor.Theyrecognizethere’ssomething 16 intheirlives,butit’s 17 tostepoffthetrac