防火墙 Failover.docx

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防火墙 Failover.docx

防火墙Failover

防火墙Failover

一、failover相关概念:

1、failover线:

又叫心跳线,是一条故障切换线,参与failover的防火墙通过这条线决定本身的状态。

Failover线有2种:

专用的cable线和LAN线

2、statfulfailover线:

即状态线,时刻传递状态信息由主到次,该线的带宽必须大于等于用户接口的带宽,状态有3种:

专用以太口或共享LAN-base的failover线或共享用户接口(不建议)

3、failover组网拓扑:

有2种:

基于专用cable和基于LAN

二、试验拓扑:

三、试验配置:

FW5(config#activation-key0x5236f5a70x97def6da0x732a91f50xf5deef57(添加UR许可,有UR许可才支持Failover)

1、基于Lanbase的A/S模式

FW5(活动设备)

FW5(config#failoverlinkbluefoxe3(指定Failover状态接口)

FW5(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6(配置状态接口的IP)

FW5(config#interfacee3(打开接口)

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#failoverlanenable(启用lanbase)

FW5(config#failoverlanunitprimary(指定该设备为主设备)

FW5(config#failoverlaninterfacebluefoxe3(指定Failover线(可与状态线共用))

FW5(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6(共用时可不配)

FW5(config#failover

FW5(config#interfacee0

FW5(config-if#nameifoutside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.7.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.7.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee1

FW5(config-if#nameifinside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.5.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.5.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee2

FW5(config-if#nameifdmz

FW5(config-if#security-level50

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.8.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.8.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW6(备份设备)

FW6(config#interfacee3

FW6(config-if#nosh

FW6(config-if#exit

(打开状态线)

FW6(config#failoverlanenable(启用lanbase)

FW6(config#failoverlanunitsecondary(指定该设备为辅助设备)

FW6(config#failoverlaninterfacebluefoxe3(指定Failover线)

FW6(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6

FW6(config#failover(启用Failover)

测试与分析:

FW5

FW6

FW5

由以上各图知FW5为主、FW6为备份设备.

在FW6上手动抢占

FW6已成为主设备。

FW6切换为辅助设备

以下为各个设备的详细配置:

FW5

interfaceEthernet0

nameifoutside

security-level0

ipaddress192.168.7.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.7.6

interfaceEthernet1

nameifinside

security-level100

ipaddress192.168.5.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.5.6

interfaceEthernet2

nameifdmz

security-level50

ipaddress192.168.8.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.8.6

interfaceEthernet3

descriptionLAN/STATEFailoverInterface

access-list100extendedpermitipanyany

failover

failoverlanunitprimary

failoverlaninterfacebluefoxEthernet3

failoverlanenable

failoverlinkbluefoxEthernet3

failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6

access-group100ininterfaceoutside

access-group100ininterfacedmz

routeoutside0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.7.71

routeinside192.168.10.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.1001

routeinside192.168.20.0255.255.255.0192.168.5.1001

routedmz192.168.30.0255.255.255.0192.168.8.41

routedmz192.168.40.0255.255.255.0192.168.8.41

SW1

spanning-treevlan1priority0

spanning-treevlan10priority0

spanning-treevlan20priority0

interfacePort-channel1

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceFastEthernet1/1

switchportaccessvlan5

interfaceFastEthernet1/2

switchportaccessvlan6

interfaceFastEthernet1/3

switchportmodetrunk

channel-group1modeon

interfaceFastEthernet1/4

switchportmodetrunk

channel-group1modeon

interfaceFastEthernet1/5

switchporttrunkallowedvlan1-4,7-1005

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceVlan5

ipaddress192.168.5.1255.255.255.0

standby5ip192.168.5.100

standby5priority120

standby5preempt

standby5trackFastEthernet1/550

interfaceVlan6

ipaddress192.168.6.1255.255.255.0

interfaceVlan10

ipaddress192.168.10.1255.255.255.0

standby10ip192.168.10.100

standby10priority120

standby10preempt

standby10trackFastEthernet1/150

interfaceVlan20

ipaddress192.168.20.1255.255.255.0

standby20ip192.168.20.100

standby20priority120

standby20preempt

standby20trackFastEthernet1/150

iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.5.5

SW2

spanning-treevlan1priority4096

spanning-treevlan10priority4096

spanning-treevlan20priority4096

interfacePort-channel1

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceFastEthernet1/1

switchportaccessvlan5

interfaceFastEthernet1/2

switchportaccessvlan6

interfaceFastEthernet1/3

switchportmodetrunk

channel-group1modeon

interfaceFastEthernet1/4

switchportmodetrunk

channel-group1modeon

interfaceFastEthernet1/5

switchporttrunkallowedvlan1-4,7-1005

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceVlan5

ipaddress192.168.5.2255.255.255.0

standby5ip192.168.5.100

standby5preempt

interfaceVlan6

ipaddress192.168.6.2255.255.255.0

interfaceVlan10

ipaddress192.168.10.2255.255.255.0

standby10ip192.168.10.100

standby10preempt

interfaceVlan20

ipaddress192.168.20.2255.255.255.0

standby20ip192.168.20.100

standby20preempt

iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.5.5

SW3

interfaceFastEthernet1/1

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceFastEthernet1/2

switchportmodetrunk

interfaceFastEthernet1/3

switchportaccessvlan10

interfaceFastEthernet1/4

switchportaccessvlan20

SW4

interfaceFastEthernet1/1

switchportaccessvlan7

interfaceFastEthernet1/2

switchportaccessvlan7

interfaceFastEthernet1/3

switchportaccessvlan30

interfaceFastEthernet1/4

switchportaccessvlan40

interfaceVlan7

ipaddress192.168.8.4255.255.255.0

interfaceVlan30

ipaddress192.168.30.1255.255.255.0

interfaceVlan40

ipaddress192.168.40.1255.255.255.0

iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.7.5

iproute0.0.0.00.0.0.0192.168.8.5

R7

interfaceLoopback0

ipaddress202.103.96.112255.255.255.0

interfaceEthernet0/0

ipaddress192.168.7.7255.255.255.0

iproute192.168.0.0255.255.0.0192.168.7.5

2、基于Lanbase的A/A模式

FW5(活动设备)

FW5(config#failoverlinkbluefoxe3(指定Failover状态接口)

FW5(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6(配置状态接口的IP)

FW5(config#interfacee3(打开接口)

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#failoverlanenable(启用lanbase)

FW5(config#failoverlanunitprimary(指定该设备为主设备)

FW5(config#failoverlaninterfacebluefoxe3(指定Failover线(可与状态线共用))

FW5(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6(共用时可不配)

以下是A/A区别与A/S的配置:

FW5(config#failovergroup1(创建Failover组)

FW5(config-fover-group)#primary(指定Failover组的类型)

FW5(config-fover-group)#preempt(启用抢占)

FW5(config-fover-group)#exit

FW5(config#failovergroup2

FW5(config-fover-group)#secondary

FW5(config-fover-group)#preempt

FW5(config-fover-group)#exit

FW5(config#contextbluefox(创建安全环境)

FW5(config-context)#join-failover1/2(将安全环境加入组,在辅助设备一方与主方角色相反)

FW5(config-context)#exit

FW5(config#failover

FW5(config#interfacee0

FW5(config-if#nameifoutside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.7.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.7.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee1

FW5(config-if#nameifinside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.5.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.5.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee2

FW5(config-if#nameifdmz

FW5(config-if#security-level50

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.8.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.8.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW6(备份设备)

FW6(config#interfacee3

FW6(config-if#nosh

FW6(config-if#exit

(打开状态线)

FW6(config#failoverlanenable(启用lanbase)

FW6(config#failoverlanunitsecondary(指定该设备为辅助设备)

FW6(config#failoverlaninterfacebluefoxe3(指定Failover线)

FW6(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6

FW6(config#failover(启用Failover)

3、基于cable-based的A/S模式(只有A/S模式,主备有线缆决定)

FW5(config#failoverlinkbluefoxe3(指定Failover状态接口)

FW5(config#failoverinterfaceipbluefox192.168.6.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.6.6(配置状态接口的IP)

FW5(config#interfacee3(打开接口)

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#Failover(启动Failover)

可选配置:

FW5(config#failoverreplicationhttp(启用http状态复制)

FW5(config#monitor-interfacexx(指定监控接口)

FW5(config#failover-polltimeinterfacexxtimexx(指定接口监控间隔时间)

FW5(config#failoverpolltimexxtime(指定Hello间隔时间)

FW5(config#interfacee0

FW5(config-if#nameifoutside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.7.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.7.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee1

FW5(config-if#nameifinside

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.5.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.5.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

FW5(config#interfacee2

FW5(config-if#nameifdmz

FW5(config-if#security-level50

FW5(config-if#ipadd192.168.8.5255.255.255.0standby192.168.8.6

FW5(config-if#nosh

FW5(config-if#exit

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