SOPC课程设计实验报告.docx
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SOPC课程设计实验报告
SOPC课程设计实验报告
基于SOPC的警示灯设计
2013电子信息工程3班
李婕20134557
罗丹妮20134563
一、设计目的
1、熟悉掌握SOPC的基本流程
2、设计一个警示灯并满足基本要求
3、通过设计发现问题并解决
二、设计设备
1、硬件：
PC机、SOPC-NIOSIIEDA/SOPC系统开发平台
2、软件：
QUARTUSII、SOPCBuilder、NIOSIIIDE
三、设计内容
•初始状态为红灯（LED2）熄灭，绿灯（LED1）点亮，数码管显示为0。
•当按键按下，红灯（LED2）闪烁，绿灯（LED1）熄灭，同时蜂鸣器响起，数码管开始倒计时9S，此状态持续时间为9s。
•9s后，恢复初始状态。
四、设计步骤
1、使用QuartusII建立一个工程文件和顶层文件；
2、使用SOPCBuilder建立一个简单NiosII硬件系统
1）启动SOPCBuilder
2）指定目标FPGA
3）添加NiosII内核及其他外设
A、添加NiosII、SRAM、JTAG-UART、Avalon总线的IP核
B、添加一个2位的输入型PIO作为按键key
C、添加两个1位的输出型PIO作为led1及led2的输出端口
D、添加一个1位的输出型PIO作为蜂鸣器的输入端口A
E、添加一个3位的输出型PIO作为数码管的位选sel
F、添加一个8位的输出型PIO作为数码管的段选dat
4）指定基地址和中断优先级
5）设置NiosII复位和异常地址
6）编译生成NiosII系统
SOPCBuilder行程图如下：
3、在QuartusII中建立一个蜂鸣器
1）用VHDL语言编写蜂鸣器程序
2）编译成功后Creatsymbol，生成Projectsing
4、在QuartusII中编译NiosII硬件系统并生成配置文件
1）在QuartusII加入NiosII系统符号到顶层文件
2）给各端口加入输入输出引脚，并重命名
3）设置参数
4）编译顶层文件
5）分配管脚
6）再次编译
5、在NiosIIIDE中建立C/C++工程，编写用户程序
6、编译用户程序
7、下载.SOF至FPGA,运行程序，观察结果
五、设计程序
蜂鸣器程序（VHDL）:
LIBRARYIEEE;
USEIEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
USEIEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;
ENTITYsing1IS
PORT（
CLK:
INSTD_LOGIC;
p:
INSTD_LOGIC;
--DIGIT:
BUFFERSTD_LOGIC_VECTOR（6DOWNTO0）;
SPEAKER:
OUTSTD_LOGIC）;
ENDENTITY;
ARCHITECTURESONGOFsing1IS
SIGNALDRIVER,ORIGIN:
STD_LOGIC_VECTOR（12DOWNTO0）;
SIGNALCOUNTER:
INTEGERRANGE0TO140;
SIGNALCOUNTER1:
INTEGERRANGE0TO3;
SIGNALCOUNTER2:
INTEGERRANGE1TO10000000;
SIGNALDIGIT:
STD_LOGIC_VECTOR（6DOWNTO0）;
SIGNALCOUNT:
STD_LOGIC_VECTOR（1DOWNTO0）;
SIGNALCARRIER,CLK_4MHZ,CLK_4HZ:
STD_LOGIC;
BEGIN
PROCESS（CLK）
BEGIN
IFCLK'EVENTANDCLK='1'THEN
IFCOUNTER1=1THENCLK_4MHZ<='1';
COUNTER1<=2;
ELSIFCOUNTER1=3THENCLK_4MHZ<='0';
COUNTER1<=0;
ELSECOUNTER1<=COUNTER1+1;
ENDIF;
IFCOUNTER2=5000000THENCLK_4HZ<='1';
COUNTER2<=5000001;
ELSIFCOUNTER2=10000000THENCLK_4HZ<='0';
COUNTER2<=1;
ELSECOUNTER2<=COUNTER2+1;
ENDIF;
ENDIF;
ENDPROCESS;
PROCESS（CLK_4MHZ）
BEGIN
IFCLK_4MHZ'EVENTANDCLK_4MHZ='1'THEN
IFDRIVER="1111111111111"THEN
CARRIER<='1';
DRIVER<=ORIGIN;
ELSE
DRIVER<=DRIVER+1;
CARRIER<='0';
ENDIF;
ENDIF;
ENDPROCESS;
PROCESS（CARRIER）
BEGIN
if（p='1'）then
IFCARRIER'EVENTANDCARRIER='1'THEN
COUNT<=COUNT+1;
IFCOUNT="00"THEN
SPEAKER<='1';
ELSE
SPEAKER<='0';
ENDIF;
ENDIF;
endif;
ENDPROCESS;
PROCESS（CLK_4HZ）
BEGIN
IFCLK_4HZ'EVENTANDCLK_4HZ='1'THEN
IFCOUNTER=140THEN
COUNTER<=0;
ELSECOUNTER<=COUNTER+1;
ENDIF;
ENDIF;
CASECOUNTERIS
WHEN0=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN1=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN2=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN3=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN4=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN5=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN6=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN7=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN8=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN9=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN10=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN11=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN12=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN13=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN14=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN15=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN16=>DIGIT<="0101000";WHEN17=>DIGIT<="0101000";
WHEN18=>DIGIT<="0101000";WHEN19=>DIGIT<="1000000";
WHEN20=>DIGIT<="0110000";WHEN21=>DIGIT<="0101000";
WHEN22=>DIGIT<="0011000";WHEN23=>DIGIT<="0101000";
WHEN24=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN25=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN26=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN27=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN28=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN29=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN30=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN31=>DIGIT<="0000000";
WHEN32=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN33=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN34=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN35=>DIGIT<="0011000";
WHEN36=>DIGIT<="0000111";WHEN37=>DIGIT<="0000111";
WHEN38=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN39=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN40=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN41=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN42=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN43=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN44=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN45=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN46=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN47=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN48=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN49=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN50=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN51=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN52=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN53=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN54=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN55=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN56=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN57=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN58=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN59=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN60=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN61=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN62=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN63=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN64=>DIGIT<="0011000";WHEN65=>DIGIT<="0011000";
WHEN66=>DIGIT<="0011000";WHEN67=>DIGIT<="0101000";
WHEN68=>DIGIT<="0000111";WHEN69=>DIGIT<="0000111";
WHEN70=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN71=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN72=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN73=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN74=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN75=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN76=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN77=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN78=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN79=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN80=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN81=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN82=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN83=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN84=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN85=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN86=>DIGIT<="0000111";WHEN87=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN88=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN89=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN90=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN91=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN92=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN93=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN94=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN95=>DIGIT<="0000110";
WHEN96=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN97=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN98=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN99=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN100=>DIGIT<="0101000";WHEN101=>DIGIT<="0101000";
WHEN102=>DIGIT<="0101000";WHEN103=>DIGIT<="0011000";
WHEN104=>DIGIT<="0010000";WHEN105=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN106=>DIGIT<="0011000";WHEN107=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN108=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN109=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN110=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN111=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN112=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN113=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN114=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN115=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN116=>DIGIT<="0001000";WHEN117=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN118=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN119=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN120=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN121=>DIGIT<="0000011";
WHEN122=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN123=>DIGIT<="0010000";
WHEN124=>DIGIT<="0000011";WHEN125=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN126=>DIGIT<="0000110";WHEN127=>DIGIT<="0001000";
WHEN128=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN129=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN130=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN131=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN132=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN133=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN134=>DIGIT<="0000101";WHEN135=>DIGIT<="0000101";
WHEN136=>DIGIT<="0000000";WHEN137=>DIGIT<="0000000";
WHEN138=>DIGIT<="0000000";WHEN139=>DIGIT<="0000000";
WHENOTHERS=>DIGIT<="0000000";
ENDCASE;
CASEDIGITIS
WHEN"0000011"=>ORIGIN<="0100001001100";
WHEN"0000101"=>ORIGIN<="0110000010001";
WHEN"0000110"=>ORIGIN<="0111000111110";
WHEN"0000111"=>ORIGIN<="1000000101101";
WHEN"0001000"=>ORIGIN<="1000100010001";
WHEN"0010000"=>ORIGIN<="1001010110010";
WHEN"0011000"=>ORIGIN<="1010000100101";
WHEN"0101000"=>ORIGIN<="1011000001000";
WHEN"0110000"=>ORIGIN<="1011100011110";
WHEN"1000000"=>ORIGIN<="1100010001000";
WHENOTHERS=>ORIGIN<="1111111111111";
ENDCASE;
ENDPROCESS;
ENDSONG;
警示灯总程序：
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include"system.h"
#include"altera_avalon_pio_regs.h"
#include"alt_types.h"
#include"sys/alt_irq.h"
intnum;
staticvoidButton_ISR_Init（void）;
staticvoidButton_Irq_Handler（void*context,alt_u32id）;
alt_u8segtab[10]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};//0~9段码
staticvoiddisplay（intnum）;
//按键初始化
staticvoidButton_ISR_Init（void）
{
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_IRQ_MASK（KEY_BASE,0xff）;//允许8个按键中断
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_EDGE_CAP（KEY_BASE,0）;//清除中断标志寄存器
alt_irq_register（KEY_IRQ,NULL,Button_Irq_Handler）;//注册中断
}
staticvoiddisplay（intnum）
{
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（SEL_BASE,0）;//数码管位选
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（DAT_BASE,segtab[num]）;//显示倒计时
usleep（1000）;
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------
***********************按键中断处理函数****************************
*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
staticvoidButton_Irq_Handler（void*context,alt_u32id）
{
inti;
for（i=0;i<9;i++）
{
num=9-i;
display（num）;
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（A_BASE,1）;//蜂鸣器响起
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（LED1_BASE,0）;
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（LED2_BASE,1）;
usleep（500000）;
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（LED2_BASE,0）;
usleep（500000）;
}
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（A_BASE,0）;//蜂鸣器关闭
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_EDGE_CAP（KEY_BASE,0）;
num=0;
display（num）;
}
intmain（void）
{
printf（"Begin!
\n"）;
Button_ISR_Init（）;//按键中断初始化
while
（1）
{
usleep（100000）;
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（LED1_BASE,1）;
IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_PIO_DATA（LED2_BASE,0）;
num=0;
display（num）;
}
return0;
}
六、设计结果
按键未按下时，处于初始状态：
LED1亮，LED2灭，数码管显示为0,蜂鸣器未启动；按键按下之后，LED1灭，LED2闪烁，数码管进入9秒倒计时并且蜂鸣器响；9秒后恢复初始状态。
七、设计问题
设计中遇到了不少问题：
一开始因为延迟原因使得蜂鸣器音乐间断，后来将延迟时间缩短后问题解决；
然后在数码管动态显示时，也存在延时问题，按下按键后数码管在一秒后才进入倒计时，修改程序后问题解决；
八、心得感受
通过本次设计，我们更加熟悉C语言和SOPC，也在自己动手设计中发现了平时所没遇到的很多问题，包括硬件和软件方面的，有一部分是粗心，有一部分确实是不够了解这门技术；因此在设计过程中，我们不断和其他小伙伴探讨后解决了问题，并从他们那里学到了不少东西。
升级会员 