英语教学法重点术语英汉对照王蔷.docx

英语教学法重点术语英汉对照王蔷.docx

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英语教学法重点术语英汉对照王蔷

ACourseinEnglishLanguageTeaching

Unit1LanguageandLearning

Viewsonlanguage语言观

Structuralview结构主义asalinguisticsystem

functionalview功能主义asalinguisticsystembutalsoameansfordoingthings,baseoncommunicativefunctions

Interactionalview交互性asacommunicativetool

Viewsonlanguagelearningandlearningingeneral

1）Process-orientedtheories过程指向论

concernedwithhowthemindprocessesnewinformation,suchashabitformation,induction,makinginference,hypothesistestingandgeneralization.

2）Condition-orientedtheories强调条件理论

emphasizethenatureofthehumanandphysicalcontextinwhichlanguagelearningtakesplace,suchasthenumberofstudents,whatkindofinputlearnersreceive,andthelearningatmosphere.

Behaviouristtheory行为主义理论=audio-lingualmethod听说教学法

Astimulus-responsetheoryofpsychology

Youcantrainananimaltodoanything（withinreason）ifyoufollowacertainprocedurewhichhasthreemajorstages,stimulus,response,andreinforcement.

Cognitivetheory认知主义理论communicateapproach交际法

Constructivisttheory结构主义理论

Learningisaprocessinwhichthelearnerconstructsmeaningbasedonhis/herownexperienceandwhathe/shealreadyknows.

Socio-constructivisttheory社会结构主义理论

Emphasisesinteracionandengagementwiththetargetlanguageinasocialcontext

Agoodlanguageteacher

Ethicdevotion,professionalqualitiesandpersonalstyles

品德节操，职业素质和个性特征

Learning,practice,andreflection

Unit2CommunicativePrinciplesandActivities

CLT=CommunicativeLanguageTeaching交际语言教学法

TBLT=Task-basedLanguageTeaching任务型教学法

PPP=thePresentation,PracticeandProduction呈现，操练，展出

Communicativecompetence

Entailsknowingnotonlythelanguagecodeortheformoflanguage,butalsowhattosaytowhomandhowtosayitappropriatelyinanygivensituation

Fivemaincomponentsofcommunicativecompetence

Linguisticcompetence语言能力

Pragmaticcompetence语用能力

Discoursecompetence语篇能力

Strategiccompetence策略能力

Fluency语言顺畅

CLT

Goal:

todevelopstudents'communicativecompetence,whichincludesboththeknowledgeaboutthelanguageandtheknowledgeabouthowtousethelanguageappropriatelyincommunicativesituations.

Principles:

Communicativeprinciple

Taskprinciple

Meaningfulnessprinciple

Mainfeatures:

（1）Functionalcommunicativeactivities:

功能互动活动

Identifyingpictures

Discoveringidenticalpairs

Discoveringsequencesorlocations

Discoveringmissinginformation

Discoveringmissingfeatures

Discovering"secrets"

Communicatingpatternsandpictures

Communicativemodels

Discoveringdifferences

Followingdirections

Reconstructingstory-sequences

Poolinginformationtosolveaproblem

（2）Socialinteractionactivities:

社会交往活动

Role-playingthroughcueddialogues

Role-playingthroughcuesandinformation

Role-playingthroughsituationandgoals

Role-playingthroughdebateordiscussion

Large-scalesimulationactivities模仿

Improvisation即兴创作

Notes:

Nospecificactivitiesalmostaboutlisteningandspeaking

Sixcriteriaforevaluatinghowcommunicativeclassroomactivitiesare:

Communicativepurpose:

informationgap

Communicativedesire:

realneed

Content,notform:

message

Varietyoflanguage

Noteacherintervention干涉

Nomaterialscontrol

TBLT

Definition:

Referstoanapproachbasedontheuseoftaskasthecoreunitofinstructioninlanguage

TBLT:

pre-task,taskcycle,languagefocus

Definitionofatask:

Ataskisapieceofworkundertakenforoneselforforothers,freelyorforsomereward.

Fourcomponentsofatask:

Apurpose:

focusoncontent,notform

Acontext:

informationgap

Aprocess:

problemsolvingreasoning,inquiring,conceptualisingandcommunicating

Aproduct:

nocommunicationalresults

Exercises,exercise-tasksandtasks:

Focusonindividuallanguageitems

→purposeful&contextualisedcommunication

Exercise→exercise-task→task

Howtodesigntasks:

Thinkaboutstudents’needs,interests,andabilities

Brainstormpossibletasks

Evaluatethelist

Choosethelanguageitems

Preparingmaterials

PPPmodel

Atthepresentationstage:

Theteacherintroducesnewvocabularyandgrammaticalstructuresinwhateverwaysappropriate

Atthethepracticestage:

Thelessonmovesfromcontrolledpracticetoguidedpracticeandexploitationofthetextswhennecessary

Attheproductionstage:

Thestudentsareencouragedtousewhattheyhavelearnedandpractisedtoperformcommunicationtasks.

Notes:

Grammar-TranslationMethod:

语法翻译法

readingandwriting

TheAudio-LingualMethod:

听说教学法

speakingandlistening;dialoguesanddrills对话和操练

Unit3theNationalEnglishCurriculum课程标准

Itwasinthe1993syllablesthatthewordcommunicationwasusedintheobjectivesofteachingforthefirsttime.

TheSixDesignprinciplesfortheNationalEnglishCurriculumforNine-yearCompulsoryEducation:

1.Aimforeducatingallstudents,andemphasisequality-orie