商务英语写作重点.docx

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商务英语写作重点.docx

商务英语写作重点

商务英语写作重点

 名词解释写作目得(writingpurpose)

 受众/读者(audience)

 构思过程(thoughtprocess)

 演绎式组织模式(deductiveorganizationalpatterns)

 归纳式组织模式(inductiveorganizationalpatterns)

 直接组织模式(directorganizationalpatterns)

 间接组织模式(indirectorganizationalpatterns)

 写作修改得3个步骤(threedistinctstagesofrevision:

addingon;movingaround;cuttingout)管理沟通(managerialmunication)

 组织沟通(organizationalmunication)

 人际关系与团队建设(humanrelationshipsandteambuilding)

 销售沟通(salesmunication)

 商务文件(businessdocumentation)

 国际交流(跨文化交际)(internationalmunication/interculturalmunication)表达式写作(expressivewriting)

 沟通式写作(municativewriting)

 简洁风格(clarity)

 简易风格(theplainstyle)

 简明风格(concision)附件说明信函(coverlettersofrésumé)

 3类求职信函(threegeneraltypesofcoverlettersforjobapplications:

theapplicationletter;theprospectingletter;networkingletter)后续询问信函(followupletter)

 致谢信函(thankyouletter)

 谢绝工作回复(jobrejectionletter)

 接受工作回复(jobacceptanceletter)

 辞职信函(resignationletter)告别信函(farewellletter)常见履历表格式(monrésuméformats):

按年月顺序(chronologicalrésuméformat)按任职顺序(functionalrésuméformat)复合式(binationrésuméformat)简短文件(shortdocument)

 信息咨询函(messagetoobtaininformation)

 谈判便函(messagesthatnegotiate)

 说服沟通便函(persuasivemessages)商务便函得特征(8C):

清晰性(clarity)正确性(correctness)具体性(concreteness)完整性(pleteness)周到性(consideration)礼貌性(courtesy)简洁性(conciseness)一致性(coherence)商务备忘录版式(formatofabusinessmemo)

 商务备忘录功能(functionofabusinessmemo)

 信函结构(structureofaletter)

 信件与信封格式(stylesofletterandenvelop)会议纪要(minutes)

 逐字记录(verbatimminutes)

 决议记录(minutesofresolution)

 陈述记录(minutesofnarration)

 记录内容版式(minutes’contentformat)会议议程(meetingagenda)

 会议筹划(meetingpreparations)

 会议程序(3个环节)(meetingprocess:

planning&preparing,conducting,andfollowingup)会议后续工作(followupactivities)

 后续文案职责(accountabilityoffollowups)书面发言写作策略(writingstrategiesforbusinesspresentation)

 书面发言得材料组织(wringorganizationforbusinesspresentation)

 书面发言用语(languageusedinapresentation)

 书面发言避讳用语(languageavoidedinapresentation)人际沟通得功能(functionsofinterpersonalmunication)

 人际沟通得目得(purposeofinterpersonalmunication)

 人际沟通得4个阶段(fourgeneralstagesininterpersonalmunication)团队得特征(groupcharacteristics)

 团队得角色(grouproles)

 团队影响力(groupinfluence)

 沟通结构(municationstructures)企业前景(vision)

 企业使命(mission)

 企业价值观(corporatevalues)

 企业目标(goal)

 战略计划(strategies)政策与流程(policiesandprocedures)

 业务流程得构成要素(15个)(contentofprocedures)

 业务流程得版式及内容(formatofaprocedure)商务文件得层次结构(3个)(tiersofdocumentation)

 ISO9000质量体系(ISO9000QualitySystem)议程报告(agenda)

 行程安排(itinerary)

 费用支出报告(expensereports)

 项目进程报告(progressreport)

 人事评估报告(personnelevaluation)第一手资料来源(primarysources)

 第二手资料来源(secondarysources)

 商务蓝皮书(blueprint)

 商务计划书(businessplan)

 战略性计划书(strategicplan)

 战术性计划书(tacticalplan)

 操作性计划书(operationalplan)操作性管理(operationalcontrol)

 战术性管理(tacticalcontrol)

 战略性管理(strategiccontrol)商务背景(businessbackground)市场计划(marketingplan)

 财务预测(financialprojections)

 行动计划(actionplans)商务提案(businessproposal)

 内部提案(internalproposal)

 外部提案(externalproposal)

 招标提案(solicitedproposal)

 非招标提案(unsolicitedproposal)提案写作得简单模式(simpleformforproposalwriting)

 提案写作得复杂模式(detailedformforproposalwriting)

 外部提案得结构要素(6个)(elementsoftheexternalproposal:

introduction;problemidentifiedanddefined;objective&goalset;solutionsproposed;implementation&measuring;costsandtimeframeestimated)

 内部提案模式得内容版式(contentformatofinternalproposal)征集提案(RequestforProposal,RFP)

 征集启示得基本要素(basicponentsofaRFP)

 提案评估(proposalevaluation)引证信息(documentinginformation)

 解析数据(interpretingdata)

 常规商务报告(routinereports)

 任务报告(taskreports)

 条目清单功能(itemizedlists)图表辅助功能(graphicaids)

 标题得功能(headings)协议得本质(essenceofadeal)

 合同得修订(contractualmodifications)

 违约与补偿(breachofcontractandremedy)

 律师费用条款(attorneysfeesclause)

 合同免责(escapefromcontract)

 第三方签字(thirdpartysignature)

 合同追加条款(contractrider)

 合同授权(authorization)商务谈判(contractnegotiation)

 合同起草(contractdrafting)

 合同实施(execution)

 合同终止(closeout)合同(contract)合同有效性(validityofcontracts)

 要约(offer)接受(acceptance)

 法定权力(capacity)Salescontracts买卖合同

 Contractsforsupplyofpower,water,gasorheat供应电、水、气、热力合同Contractsforloanofmoney借款合同Leasingcontracts租赁合同Financialleasingcontracts承揽合同Contractsforconstructionprojects建设工程合同Carriagecontracts运输合同Technologycontracts技术合同Safekeepingcontracts保管合同Warehousingcontracts仓库合同Agencyappointmentcontracts委托合同Tradingtrustcontracts行纪合同Brokeragecontracts居间合同大题1,8C

 1.Clarity:

keepitshort;keepitsimple;avoidambiguity;writeintheactivevoice;avoidorexplaintechnicalwords;avoidusingjargon;gettothepoint;WriteinplainEnglish

 2、Correctness:

linkyourideas;becarefulaboutplacementofsubordinateclauses;besurethatapronoun,aparticipialphrase,oranappositiverefersclearlytothepropersubject;MakethesubjectandverbagreewithEachOther,NotwithaWordThatesbetweenThem;Tojointwoindependentclauses,Useamafollowedbyaconjunction,asemicolonalone,orasemicolonfollowedbyasentencemodifier、;Makearightchoiceofword;Watchoutrepetitivewording;Putparallelideasinparallel

 constructions;3、Concreteness:

useconcretewordsinsteadofabstractones;omitqualifiersandvagueexpressions;useactionverbsandconcretenouns;voidoverusingnounformsofverbs;don”tchangeverbsintonouns;avoidunnecessarydoublenegative;avoidnounstrings;takeastand;keepacronymsundercontrol;4、pleteness:

makeitpletebyconstructingalongerparagraph;usethewhodoeswhatorderandavoidpadding;provideaclearmessage;avoidinpletequestion;avoidfragmentinwriting;takeanoverallview;5、Consideration:

writefromthe“you”perspective;emphasizethepositive;handlethecustomer”splaintspecifically;interactwiththeaddresseeinaconversationaltone;avoidusinginflatedlanguage;avoidusingquasilegalisms;usepersonalreference;useconrractions;6、Courtesy:

showrespect;showappreciation;avoidtheproblemofgender;writeprofessionally;7、Conciseness:

eliminate”thefiller”;omitrepetitivewording;replacecircumlocutionswithdirectexpressions;useshortwords;avoidusingoldfashionedexpessions;8、Coherence2,MessagethatNegotiate:

1、counterproposals:

counterproposalshavetwoobjectives:

first,youwanttoshowthereaderthathisorheroriginalproposalisnotfullyacceptable,and,second,youwanttopersuadethereadertoacceptyourcounterproposals、2、nonnegotiablechanges3、plexmessages3、、Typesofmeetings:

1、Sharinginformationandmonitoring2、decisionmakingandproblemsolving3、creative/ideagenerating4、legislative/administrative5、advisory6、socialandceremonial4、Minutes’contentformat:

1、mainheading2、timeandvenue3、attendance4、

 chairperson5、agenda6、subtitles7、recordkeeper/minutestaker5、Functionsofinterpersonalmunication:

1)Gainingandgivinginformation2)Buildingacontextofunderstanding3)Establishingidentity4)Interpersonalneeds6、Thedyadiclifecycle:

theinitialstage;theformativestage;thematurestage;theseverancestage7、Presentationtypes:

purpose,audienceandmethods8、Writingstrategiesforbusinesspresentation:

1、Choosingarighttopicwithaclearpurpose2、Adaptingyourmessagestothelisteners3、Usingexplicittransitions4、Usingconcretewordsandvisuals5、Presentingnovelideas6、Makinganalogies7、Quotations8、Storytelling9、Plottingconflict10、Cuttinginhumor11、Keepthematerialingoodtaste12、Allowingforredundancy9、、书面发言注意事项:

1、beginwithatopicsentence2、limitthenumberofmajorpointsyouwanttomaketo34、

 3、recapyourideasormainpointPresentationpreparing:

1、writeascript,practiceit,andkeeoitaroundforquickreferenceduringyourtalk;2、setupanoutlineofyourtalk,practicewithit,andbringitforreference;3、setupcuecards,practicewiththem,andusethemduringyourpresentation4、writeafullscriptandreadfromit、10、、商务沟通基础:

Businessmunicationdrawstringdrawsoninformationderivedformawidevarietyofotherdisciplines,including(butnotlimitedto)linguistics,semantics,rhetoric,psychology,sociology,graphicdesign,management,marketing,economics,andinformationtechnology、11、Purposeofthewriter:

1,Expressivewriting:

itispersonalandinformal,

 employedtoencourage

 prehensionandreflectiononthepartofwriter、2,municativewriting:

itpresupposesthatthewriteralreadyconsiderableknowledgeandunderstandingofthetopic,andiswritingtoinformortopersuadeareader、12、、得附件说明信函得5大基本目标:

Fiveprimarygoalsofgoodresumes;Goodresumesandresumecoverlettersmustbeableto;Cuttheclutter;Catchtheeye;Sellyourskills,Strengthsandsuccess;Directthereaderyourway;Getyoutothenextstep;14、、contentformatofaresumecover:

contentformatofaresumecover:

theresumecovershouldfollowthebasiccontentformatofatypicalbusinessletterandshouldincludethreegeneralissues:

firstparagraphwhyyouarewriting;middleparagraphwhatyouhavetooffer;concludingparagraphhowyouwillfollow;15、Top10resumetips:

Apageortwotolandyouajoboranleastaninterview;Fundamentalsdoexist;Customizationiscritical;Revealenoughtoexcite;Aresumeis99%ofthetimereadbyastranger;Onceyourbasiccontentisready;Reevaluatechoiceofwords,sentencestructureandlanguage;Spellcheck,;Whenyouarepresentinghardcopiesofyourresume,makesureyouusequalitystationery;Keepcopiesofhecariouscustomizedversionsofyourresume、;16、Essentialcontentsofresumes:

Goodresumehavingbeentobinefactwithfantasy、Byfact,itmeansthatdetailsprovidedinresumehavebe

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