新增文章阅读理解综合+理工+卫生.docx

新增文章阅读理解综合+理工+卫生.docx

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新增文章阅读理解综合+理工+卫生

2010年阅读理解新增文章1

综合类1

第五篇Sino—JapanAnimosityLessens（C级）1

第三十篇WikipedialImposesNewCurbsOnEditingArticles（C级）3

第三十四篇CareerWithaUniform（B级）5

第三十五篇DormFoodMoreComfy（B级）6

第四十四篇AmericansGetTouchy（A级）8

第四十五篇WomenStayinginMini-SkirtsforLonger（A级）9

理工类10

第三篇CitizenScientists（C级）10

第六篇ArcticMelt（C级）12

第三十三篇ExpertsCallforLocalandRegionalControlofSitesforRadioactiveWaste（B级）13

第三十八篇NightoftheLivingAnts（B级）14

第四十六篇HowtheFirstStarsintheUniverseCameintoExistence（A级）16

第五十篇CellPhonesIncreaseTraffic,PedestrianFatalities（A级）17

卫生类19

第五篇U.S.EatsTooMuchSalt（C级）19

第十八篇HumanHeartCanMakeNewCells（B级）20

第三十四篇DoPatientsTrustDoctorsTooMuch?

（A级）21

阅读理解参考答案和译文23

2010年阅读理解新增文章

综合类

第五篇Sino—JapanAnimosityLessens（C级）

ChineseandJapanesepeoplevieweachotherslightlymorepositivelythanlastyear,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonWednesdayatapressconferenceinBeijing.

ThesurveyisjointlysponsoredbyChinaDailyandGenronNPO,aJapanesethinktanksimilartotheAmericanCouncilonForeignRelations.ItalsofoundoverwhelmingagreementinbothcountriesthatSino-Japaneserelationswereimportant.

ThesurveyisapartoftheBeijing-TokyoForum,anannualgatheringofseniorgovernmentofficialsandrepresentativesfromChineseandJapaneseNGOsdesignedtoimprovecommunicationandunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

Conductedeveryyearforfiveyearsnow,thesurveyfocusedontwodifferentgroupsofpeople:

ordinarycitizens,andintellectuals.InChina,theintellectualgroupwascomprisedmainlyofuniversitystudentsfromwell-knownschoolslikePekingUniversity.InJapan,the“intellectual”groupwasmainlymadeupofpreviousmembersofGenronNPO.

AmongordinaryChinesepolled,35.7percentsaidtheyhave“verygood”or“relativelygood”impressionsofJapan,a5.5-percentage-pointincreasecomparedwithlastyear.45.2percentofChinesestudentshadapositiveimpressionofJapan,twopercentagepointsmorethanlastyear.Only26.6percentofJapanesehaveapositiveimpressionofChina,however.

Still,anoverwhelmingmajorityoftherespondentsfromeachcountrysaidSino-Japaneserelationswere“important”andwantedtheirleaderstodeepentalksandcooperationwitheachother.

But51.9percentofordinarypeopleand42.4percentofstudentsinChinasaidtheysawnochangeinrelationsbetweenthetwocountriesoverthelastyear.InJapan,64.8percentofthoseordinarypeopleand53.4percentofintellectualssurveyedsharedtheviewthattherewasnoimprovementinbilateraltiesthisyear.

Historicalissuesandterritorialdisputesremaintwomajorobstaclestoimprovingbilateralrelations,thesurveyfound.WhatconcernstheChinesemostarehistoricalissues,visitsbyJapaneseofficialstoYasukuniShrine,andtheNanjingMassacre.

Perceptionsoneconomicandtraderelations,haveimproved,though.About47percentofordinaryJapanesesaidChinahadbeen“helpful”thisyearinfightingtheglobaleconomiccrisiscomparedwithjust30percentlastyear．ThepercentofJapaneseintellectualswhosaidChineseeconomicgrowthwasgoodforJapanincreasedfrom65．8percentto81．4percentthisyear．

CooperationinEastAsianissues，tradeandinvestment，energy,andtheenvironmentandclimatechangetopthelistofcommonconcernsthatpeopleinChinaandJapanwanttheirleaderstotalkaboutinbilateralmeetings，thesurveyfound．

Civilexchangeswereregardedbythemostpeoplefromthebothcountriesasanimportantwaytoimproverelations．90．7percentofthestudentsand85．7percentoftheordinarypeopleinChinaand95．8％ofintellectualsand74．8％oftheordinarypeopleinJapanviewedcivilexchangesas“important”or“relativelyimportant”．

ChineseandJapanesebothlearnabouteachother’scountriesmostlythroughtelevisionnewsandnewspapers，thesurveyfound．

练习：

1．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesurveyistrue?

A）ThesurveywasconductedonWednesdayatapressconferenceinBeijing．

B）ThesurveyisjointlysponsoredbyChinaDaily,GenronNPOandtheAmericanCouncilonForeignRelations．

C）ThesurveyfoundthatpeopleinbothChinaandJapangenerallyagreethattherelationshipbetweenthetwocountriesisimportant．

D）Thesurveymainlyfocusedontwodifferentgroupsofpeople：

ordinarycitizens，andtheuniversitystudents．

2．Accordingtothepassage，theBeijing—TokyoForum

A）isheldeveryyearinBeijing．

B）aimsatpromotingcommunicationbetweenthetwocountries．

C）mainlyattractsrepresentativesfromthegovernmentsofthetwocountries．

D）releasesasurveyonSino—Japaneserelationeveryfiveyears．

3．Inthelastyear,％ofordinaryChineseand％ofChinesestudentshavea

positiveimpressionofJapan．

A）35．7；45．2

B）51．9；42．4

C）5．5；26．6

D）30．2；43．2

4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthemajorobstaclestoimprovingbilateralties?

A）territorialdisputes

B）tradefrictions

C）visitsbyJapaneseofficialstoYasukuniShrine

D）theNanjingMassacre

5.Thesurveyfoundthat

A）mostJapanesehadgoodorrelativelygoodimpressionsofChina.

B）thebilateralrelationshipwasperceivedasbeingimprovedoverlastyearbythemajorityofrespondentsfromthebothcountries.

C）anoverwhelmingmajorityoftherespondentsfromeachcountrybelievedthattheCivilexchangeswereanimportantwaytoimproverelations.

D）Theterritorialissuerankedamongthetoplistofcommonconcernsthatpeopleinbothcountrieswanttheirleaderstotalkaboutinbilateralmeetings.

第三十篇WikipedialImposesNewCurbsOnEditingArticles（C级）

Wikipedia,thefamousonlineencyclopedia,islookingtoimposemoredisciplinewithnewrestrictionsontheeditingofarticles.

ThelatestchangescomeasWikipediatriestobalanceaneedforcredibilityandadesireforopenness.

Whileanyonecanstilleditentries,thesiteistestingpagesthatwon’tregisterchangesuntiltheyareapprovedbyanexperiencedWikipediaeditor.

Ifthesite’susersrespondwelltothetestrun,thenewrestrictionswillapplytoallentriesforlivingpeopleinthenextfewweeks.

Theideaistoblockthekindofhigh-profilevandalismthathasmarredsomepages.

Inoneofthemostrecentembarrassments,USDemocraticSenatorsRobertByrdwasprematurelydeclareddeadbyrogueeditors.

Still,Wikipediarisksdiscouraginglegitimateeditingifrestrictionsonchangesoradditionsbecometooburdensome,keepingarticlesfromgettingbetterorkeepingupwithevents.Thatmaybeespeciallytrueonmoreobscurepageswithfeweractivevolunteerstoapproveeditstimely.

Awareoftherisks,Wikipediahassetthecriteriafor“experiencededitor”statusrelativelylow.UserswhoareregisteredforafewdayscangivechangestheOK,saidJayWalsh,aspokesmanforthenonprofitWikimediaFoundation,whichrunsthesite.

AmoreuniformsystemforfilteringchangesonWikipediarepresentsastepbackfromthesite’soriginalphilosophy,whichcalledforharnessingthecollectiveknowledgeofvolunteereditorswithoutanymajorrestrictions.

ButitisnotthefirsttimeWikipediahasattachedsomestrings.

Thesameflaggingprocess,forexample,hasbeenimposedonallentriesintheGerman-languageWikipediaformorethanayear.

OntheEnglishsite,too,high-profilepagesthatarelikelytobedefaced,suchasMichaelJackson’s,havebeentightlyrestricted.

SomeobserversbelieveWikipediamustcontinuetighteningeditingpoliciesifitwantstogaincredibility.

“I’mjustwaitingfortheothershoetodrop,”saidEricGoldman,directoroftheHighTechLawInstituteattheSantaClaraUniversitySchoolofLaw.

GoldmanenvisionsafutureWikipediacuratedbyarelativelysmallgroupofdedicatededitors.Underthecurrentmodel,hesaid,theresimplyaren’tenoughvolunteerstocatchallerrors.

“MyhopeisthatWikipediastillexistsandisstillconsideredausefulsite,”Goldmansaid.“Butitwillbeatthatpointaverytightlycontrolledsite.Itwon’thavethatveneerofasitethatanyonecancontributeto.Theyhaven’tclosedthedrawbridge.Peoplecanstillgetin.Butitkeepsgoingupandupandup.”

Separately,theOmidyarNetwork,aphilanthropicinvestmentgroupstartedbyeBayfounderPierreOmidyar,saidonTuesdayitiscommitting$2millionovertwoyearstotheWikimediaFoundation.OmidyarNetwork’sgrantwillsupportWikimedia’sgoalsofbringingfreeeducationalcontenttopeoplearoundtheworldandsupportingmorepeopletohelpcreatethatcontent.

练习：

1.WhatisthelatestchangeofWikipedia?

A）NownoteverybodycaneditentriesinWikipedia.

B）Fewerrestrictionswillbeposedontheeditionofentries.

C）Someofthepageswillnotregisterchangeswithouttheapprovalofanexperienced

Wikipediaeditor.

D）Allentriesforlivingpeoplewillnotbeeditedfromnowon.

2.WhyhasWikipediasetthecriteriafor“experiencededitor”statusrelativelylow?

A）Becauseexperiencededitorsarerare.

B）Becausealotofpeopleareinterestedintheeditingofentries.

C）Becausestrictercriteriamaydiscouragelegitimateediting.

D）Becausepeoplereceivenopayfortheirediting.

3.WhichstatementaboutRobertByrdisfalse?

A）HeisamemberofAmericanDemocraticParty.

B）HeisamemberoftheSenate.

C）HewaswronglydeclareddeadbyWikipedia.

D）HeusedtoeditsentriesinWikipedia.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutWikipediaistrue?

A）ThisisthefirsttimethatWikipediaimposesrestrictionsontheeditingofentries.

B）PeoplecanstilleditalltheentriesontheEnglishsitefreely.

C）Thecurrentdisciplineimposedontheeditingofarticlesistoolaxsothatalotof

embarrassmentshav