牛津译林版新教材高二英语选择性必修二全册课文原文(word可编辑).docx
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U1
Reading
10July
Firefightersputouttowerblockfire
FirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor;spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5,accordingtofiguresreleasedbyemergencyservices.Fireenginesandambulances,calledat9:
30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.
11JulyLocalnews
Deadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage
AterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHendersonlowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5ofwhomareinacriticalcondition.LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.Sherecalled,TwasabouttohaveabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream."
MrPeterson,headofthefiredepartment,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireandthattheautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgooffquicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrentlyinvestigatingtheaccidentfurther.
Readingnewsreportscritically
Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?
Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let"stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventinamorecomprehensiveway.
Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails,aseventsintherealworldareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Instead,checkwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices'estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesustodrawamoreinformedconclusion.
Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,whichbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrustwhatwehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotentialtobeacriticalnewsreader.
Extendedreading
Injustoneday,apersoncanseehundredsofmarketingmessages.Advertisinghasbecomepartofourmodernlife.Butwhatisadvertisingexactly?
Inshort,itreferstotheactivityofpromotingaproductorservice.Inotherwords,ittriestopersuadeyoutobuyaproductorservice.
Thehistoryofadvertisinghasalwaysbeencloselylinkedwiththatofthemassmedia.Fromtheancientsimpleadvertisementspaintedonoutdoorsignstothecolourful,interactiveonesinsmartphoneapps,advertisingandthemassmediahavedevelopedhandinhand.Asmediachannelshavegrowninnumberandtype,sohaveadvertisements.
Becausethemassmediareachessomanypeople,itisaperfectvehicleforadvertisers.IfanadvertisementisplacedonapopularwebsiteoronTVatpeaktimes,ahugenumberofpeoplewillknowabouttheproductorserviceitisadvertising.Inadditiontomakingpeopleawareofaproductorservice,asuccessfuladvertisementwillalsocreateadesiretobuy,thusboostingbusiness.Thatiswhywhenacompanywantstopromoteaproductorservice,itoftenlaunchesamassmediaadvertisingcampaign.
Basedonthepsychologybehindcreatingadesireto